Introduction to geological storage principles€¦ · Introduction to geological storage principles...
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Introduction to geological storage principles Bruno Saftić University of Zagreb - Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering (www.rgn.hr ) European Network for Research in Geo-Energy Carbon Capture and Storage – Response to Climate Change Regional Workshop for CE and EE Countries 27-28 February 2007 in Zagreb, Croatia
Transcript of Introduction to geological storage principles€¦ · Introduction to geological storage principles...
Introduction to
geological storage principles
Bruno Saftić
University of Zagreb - Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering (www.rgn.hr )
European Network for Research in Geo-Energy
Carbon Capture and Storage – Response to Climate Change
Regional Workshop for CE and EE Countries
27-28 February 2007 in Zagreb, Croatia
BRGM (2005)
Natural fluctuations/cyclicity?
• Scientifically proven• Do we really understand all driving forces?• What if..• Can we wait?
BRGM (2005)
BRGM (2005)
IEA (2004)
IPCC (2005)
IPCC (2005)
I
Storage optionsStorage options
l Depleted hydrocarbon fields - a reliable option "at hand“
l Economic use (EOR, EGR)
l Deep saline aquifers – largest potential, scarce data
l Unmined/unmineable coal seams
l ECBM projects
l Mineral storage
l Ocean storage (?)
Map of porosity distribution at cm-scale (right) and corresponding sandstone thin section (left)
IPCC/Angus
Physical trapping– Dense supercritical CO2 phase (> 31°C at 73 bars)
Chemical trapping– Solubility trapping: CO2(aq), HCO3
-, CaHCO3+,
MgHCO3+, NaHCO3
0, …
– Mineral trapping: CaCO3 (calcite), FeCO3 (siderite), NaAlCO3(OH)2 (dawsonite), ...
Increasingim
portance with
time
Source: IPCC
Infrastructure, distanceLow costs
Geological & hydrodynamic stability
Adequate sealingSafe and secure storage
Low geoth. gradient & high pressure
High permeability Efficient injectivity
High porosity, large reservoirHigh storage capacity
Source: IPCC
Source: IPCC
Higher than watercrystallinehydrate
>2700
Less than waterliquid500-2700
Less than watergas<500
DensityPhaseDepth (m)
IPCC
25 Gt/yrGlobal CO2 emissions
3-15 ... 200Coal beds675 ... 900* (+25%)Depleted oil and gas fields1 000 ... 10 000Deep saline aquifers
Capacity (Gt CO2)Storage options
IEA (2004)
Source: IPCC Special Report on Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage
Safe (and acceptable)?
Geological storage must be safe
Community concerns come from comparison with toxic and radioactive waste disposal
Educational and informational efforts must get faster tocontribute to the public and political awareness of the CCS concept in time
Conflicts of use (aquifers, protected areas...)
Who will cover additional expenses?
Other options – energy efficiency, renewable sources...
