Introduction to DALI
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Transcript of Introduction to DALI
7/27/2019 Introduction to DALI
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BU Controls
2008
Introduction to DALI
7/27/2019 Introduction to DALI
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22008
Objective
• Explain simplified functioning of a DALI control system
• Provide basic technical clarification
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DALI
Loadinterfaces
What is DALI
DALI is short for Digital Addressable Lighting Interface.
DALI is a protocol, in which DALI devices communicate
with each other.
In other words
DALI is the language in which DALI-devices talk to each
other
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
DALI
cable
DALI
controllers
DALIsignal
DALI
PSU
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Examples of DALI products
DALI
Loadinterfaces
DALI
controllers
Luminaires Dimmers Relays
Buttons Sliders Sensors Touch panel
DALI Power supply DALI
PSU
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DALI signal explained
The DALI control cable exist of 2 wire’s, polarity insensitive.
A DALI power supply creates +/- 16V potential between those wires
By short-circuiting (done at high speed in a DALI-device)
the potential between the wires changes to 0V
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
DALI
cable
DALIsignal
16V
0V
DALI
PSU
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DALI signal explained
By changing the voltage between 0 and 16V a digital signal is created
The DALI signal exist of two parts, a “where to” and an “info” byte
16V
0V
16V 0V
Where to Info Where to Info
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The “Where to” byte determines which devices should react
“Broadcast” all Load Interfaces will react
“Group (1-16)” Load Interfaces assigned to this group react
“Address (1-64)” Load Interfaces with this address react
Where to
DALI signal explained
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
Info Where to
DALI
PSU
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DALI signal explained
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 0 1 1
Where to Info Where to
The “info” byte determines what the device should do. In example:
“on”
“off”
“direct level 50%” (0-100)
“step up”“step down”
“recall scene 2” (1-16)
and many more…
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DALI controller information
A DALI controller will always be assigned a combination of
“where to” and “info” information.
DALI command: “broadcast” “max level”
DALI command: “broadcast” “off”
DALI command: “group 1” “go to scene 1”
DALI command: “group 1” “go to scene 12”
DALI command: “group 5” “step up”
DALI command: “address 58” “direct level 50%”
DALI command: “address 2” “minimum level”
DALI command: “group 4” “go to scene 3”
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DALI Load Interface identification
For identification of the Load interfaces,
Load Interfaces can be-assigned a “short address” (1-64)
-assigned to one or more “groups” (1-16)
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 0 1 1S#: 2256325845
Address: 15
Groups: 2,16
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%Scene 5: ignore
…………
Scene 16: 0%address
1address
2address
3address
4address
5address
8address
15address
64
group
1group
2group
16
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DALI Load Interface information
To obtain required intensity behavior of the Load interfaces,
Load Interfaces can be assigned-Intensity values for scenes
-Minimum intensity value
-Maximum intensity value
-Fading time (0s-1,5m)
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1
0 0 1 1S#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%Scene 5: ignore
…………
Scene 16: 0%
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: 75%
Scene 5: 25%
Scene 6: ignore
Scene 7: ignore
…………
Scene 16: 60%
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
Scene 6: 56%
Scene 7: 14%
…………
Scene 16: 83%
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
100%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
75%
DALIDALI command: “broadcast” “maximum”
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
50%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
25%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
50%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
75%
DALIDALI command: “group 1” “recall scene 3”
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
50%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
15%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
50%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
65%
DALIDALI command: “group 4” “step down”
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
50%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
50%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
65%
DALIDALI command: “group 8” “direct level 100%”
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
50%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
0%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
65%
DALIDALI command: “address 8” “off”
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
80%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
75%
DALI command: “broadcast” “recall scene 1”DALI
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DALI examplesS#: 2256325845
Address: 1
Groups: 1,3,5
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 100%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 25%
100%
S#: 3526854895
Address: 2
Groups: 1,4,8
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: ignore
Scene 2: 100%
Scene 3: 25%
Scene 4: ignore
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
50%
S#: 5894256347
Address: 8
Groups: 1
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 100%
Scene 1: 80%
Scene 2: 25%
Scene 3: 50%
Scene 4: 100%
Scene 5: ignore
…………Scene 16: 100%
80%
S#: 8478931478
Address: 9
Groups: 2,4
Minimum: 0%
Maximum: 75%
Scene 1: 75%
Scene 2: 75%
Scene 3: 0%
Scene 4: 25%
Scene 5: 50%
…………Scene 16: 25%
50%
DALIDALI command: “broadcast” “recall scene 5”
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DALI topology
Topology with DALI is free (total DALI length <300m)
parallel 9
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DALI topology
Topology with DALI is free (total DALI length <300m)
serial 9
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DALI topology
Topology with DALI is free (total DALI length <300m)
combination9
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The power needed for the DALI-signal can be created by an external power
supply.
Some products have the functionality of DALI power supply integrated, I.e.
MultiDim dimmers.
Always use exactly 1 power supply in a DALI-system.
DALI power supply
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DALI technical characteristics (1)
Numbers of units max. 64
Numbers of addresses 64Signal level +/- 16V
Cable length max. 300m, and less than 2V voltage drop
Cable type any 2 wire unshielded cable
Cable topology any (line, star, tree, ring)
Refresh rate max 40 messages / second
+/- 1200 baud
Safety DALI is not SELV,
cable must be treated like mains wiring
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DALI technical characteristics (2)
• A DALI system contains one current source, a controller and input(s)
• In idle state the current signal is “high”so there is current
• A driver input current is 2mA in idle state
• Nominal current for 64 inputs is 128mA
• Information is transferred by short circuiting the current, (controller / input)
• Communication is always started by the controller.
An input can only “answer” (=back channel info)
• Random addressing is possible
• DALI units have usually no address from factory.
Any address can be changed via the DALI connection
• There is only DALI communication when needed• An input can detect if the DALI current is present
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Summary “Introduction to DALI”
Max 64 DALI devices
Max 16 groups
Max 16 scenes
Max 500m DALI line
Any topology
Any 2 wire cable
Power supply for DALI line
Commissioning:
i.e. MultiDim
DALI signal = “Where to” + “info”
Broadcast Recall scene (1-16)
Group (1-16) On / Off / Direct level /
Address (1-64) Step up / Step down / ….
Luminaire settings: -address
-group(s)
-scene values
-fading behavior, etc
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