Introduction to Chemistry Bohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures.
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Transcript of Introduction to Chemistry Bohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures.
![Page 1: Introduction to Chemistry Bohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e205503460f94b0bdb7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to ChemistryBohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures
![Page 2: Introduction to Chemistry Bohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e205503460f94b0bdb7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Atoms• Basic unit of matter• Consists of: Electrons, Protons, & Neutrons
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Atoms Review• Consists of: Electrons, Protons, & Neutrons– Electrons: particles orbiting around nucleus
with a negative charge– Protons: particles in the nucleus with positive
charge– Neutrons: particles in the nucleus with no
charge
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Element• a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom
Atomic Number= Number of Protons or ElectronsSymbolNameAtomic Mass= Number of Protons + Number of Neutrons
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+1
+2 +3 +/-4 -3 -2 -1
0
Periodic Table of Elements
= element charges = Valence Electrons
I
II III IV V VI VII
VIII
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Periods and Groups
• Periods go from left to right
• Groups go up and down
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Bohr Models
• Proposed by Niels Bohr in 1915• Electrons orbit the nucleus in orbits that
have a set size and energy. • The energy of the orbit is related to its size. • The lowest energy is found in the smallest
orbit.
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Energy Levels• When two atoms approach each other their
nucleus do not touch• Only electrons are involved in Chemical
Reactions
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Bohr Diagrams • Find out which period (row) your element is in.
• Elements in the 1st period have one energy level.
• Elements in the 2nd period have two energy levels, and so on.
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Bohr Models RULE• Show just electrons with energy levels• 1st level holds 2• 2nd holds 8• 3rd holds 18 but is stable at 8• 2-8-8 RULE!!• Must fill an energy level to capacity before moving
to the next energy level
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Bohr DiagramsTry the following elements on your own:
a) Hb) Hec) Od) Ale) Nef) K
P:N:
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Valence Electrons• Electrons that are found on the outer most
energy level. This determines the elements chemical properties
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Lewis Dot Structures• Named after Gilbert Newton Lewis• Show the bonding between atoms of a
molecule, and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule
• Show only valence electrons (outer energy level)
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Lewis Dot Structures and Groups• Find out which group
(columns) your element is in.
• Elements in the 1st group have one valence electron.
• Elements in the 2nd group have two valence electrons, and so on.
![Page 15: Introduction to Chemistry Bohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e205503460f94b0bdb7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Lewis Dot
Try the following elements on your own:
a) Hb) Hec) Od) Ale) Nef) K
![Page 16: Introduction to Chemistry Bohr Models and Lewis Dot Structures.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081512/56649e205503460f94b0bdb7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
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