Introduction to Chemical Reactions Learning Reaction Types and Their Patterns.
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Transcript of Introduction to Chemical Reactions Learning Reaction Types and Their Patterns.
Synthesis
• A + B AB
• Element A + Element B Compound AB
• Magnesium Strip + Oxygen Gas Solid Magnesium Oxide
Decomposition
• AB A + B
• Compound AB Element A + Element B
• Aqueous hydrogen peroxide oxygen gas + liquid water
Splint Test
• A test used to determine the production of one of the following gases:
O2 – flame gets bigger and splint will relight
CO2 – flame will go out
H2 – popping noise (flame may go out from mini explosion!)
• ABCD AB + C + D
• Compound ABCD Compound AB + Element C + Element D
• Solid ammonium dichromate solid chromium
(III) oxide + nitrogen gas + water vapor
• ABCD AB + C + D
• Compound ABCD Compound AB + Element C + Element D
• Solid ammonium dichromate solid chromium
(III) oxide + nitrogen gas + water vapor
Single Replacement - Cationic
• A + BC B + AC
• Element A+ Compound BC Element B+ Compound AC
• Note: Elements A & B are metals
• Copper wire + aqueous silver nitrate solid silver + aqueous copper (I) nitrate
Single Replacement - Anionic
• A + BC C + BA
• Element A + Compound BC Element C + Compound BA
• Note: Elements A & C are nonmetals
Double Replacement
• AB + CD AD + CB
• Compound AB + Compound CD Compound AD + Compound BC
• aqueous copper (II) nitrate + aqueous sodium hydroxide copper (II) hydroxide (ppt) + aqueous sodium nitrate.
• In order for a double replacement reaction to occur, one of the following must be produced:
Gas
Water
Precipitate (ppt.)
Precipitation Animation
• http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/animations/chang_7e_esp/crm3s2_3.swf
Combustion
• Hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + heat
• Hydrocarbon is a compound containing carbon, hydrogen and sometimes oxygen (CxHyOz)
• aqueous methanol + oxygen gas carbon dioxide gas + liquid water