Introduction to Action Research
-
Upload
robert-croker -
Category
Education
-
view
670 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Introduction to Action Research
![Page 2: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is action research?
What?
![Page 3: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
look
think do
What is action research?
![Page 4: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is action research?
LOOK: notice an opportunity or problem, then systematically collect information about your classroom and your students
THINK: reflect about that information - by yourself, or with your students or other teachers
DO: use these new understandings to change your teaching - this is the ACTION
![Page 5: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
What is action research?
action research
![Page 6: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What is action research?
outcomes (to publish)
processes (to improve)
![Page 7: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How do you do action research?
How?
![Page 8: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
look
think do
How do you do action research?
![Page 9: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
look
think do
What do you look at in the classroom?
![Page 10: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
What do you look at in the classroom?
![Page 11: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Activities Students Students
Students Materials
Teacher
What do you look at in the classroom?
![Page 12: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
ask: ask your students to write comments about your class
give your students a questionnaire
interview your students
watch: observe yourself and make notes / record yourself
observe your students / record your students
keep a ‘teaching portfolio’
read: get students to keep a ‘learning portfolio’
give students ‘learning tests’
![Page 13: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Ask ask: ask your students to write comments about your class
give your students a questionnaire
interview your students
![Page 14: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ask students to write comments about class
![Page 15: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
reflect on today’s class –or the semester!
![Page 16: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ask students to answer a questionnaire
![Page 17: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
English
or 日本語?
what language should students write in?
![Page 18: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
interview some of the students
![Page 19: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ask some students to do a ‘think-aloud’
![Page 20: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Watch watch: observe yourself and make notes
observe your students
record yourself / record your students
![Page 21: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
observe yourself and make short notes
![Page 22: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
make notes about your class
Lesson Plans (before class)
Comments (in class)
Reflections (after class)
1.
2.
3.
![Page 23: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
observe your students
![Page 24: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
observe some students only …
![Page 25: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
… or observe the whole class
![Page 26: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
make notes about your class and students
Lesson Plans / Tasks Notes about the Class Notes about Student 1 Notes about Student 2
1.
2.
3.
![Page 27: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
make audio or visual recordings
![Page 28: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
take pictures of your white board
![Page 29: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
take pictures of your white board
![Page 30: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
take pictures of your class
![Page 31: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
take pictures of your class activities
![Page 32: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
keep a teaching portfolio
![Page 33: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Read read: get students to write a language learning history
get students to keep a ‘learning portfolio’
give students ‘learning tests’
![Page 34: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
ask students to write a learning history
![Page 35: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
ask students to keep a learning portfolio
![Page 36: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
give students ‘learning tests’
![Page 37: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
ask: ask your students to write comments about your class
give your students a questionnaire
interview your students
watch: observe yourself and make notes / record yourself
observe your students / record your students
keep a ‘teaching portfolio’
read: get students to keep a ‘learning portfolio’
give students ‘learning tests’
![Page 38: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Triangulation
![Page 39: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
look
think do
How do you think about your classroom?
![Page 40: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Ways to think about your classroom
write: reflect about your lesson plans
write structured and unstructured reflections
keep a teaching journal
analyze: analyze the information that you have created
talk: talk with a friend or colleague
present: make presentations here at NUFS or at conferences
write up your research for the NUFS report
![Page 41: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Write write: reflect about your lesson plans
reflect about your class – unstructured and structured
keep a teaching journal
![Page 42: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
reflect about your lesson plans
Lesson Plans (before class)
Comments (in class)
Reflections (after class)
1.
2.
3.
![Page 43: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
reflect about your class –unstructured reflection
Note: Just write generally about how your feel the class went, and note any ideas that you have. You could look at your class notes as you do this.
Example: Today’s class went well. I was feeling relaxed, and fully prepared. All of the students had done their homework, so we could start the speaking activity immediately …..
![Page 44: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
reflect about your class –structured reflection
Note: You could write your answers to a list of questions.
Example questions:
What went well in the class today?
What didn’t go well?
What will I do differently next time?
What did I learn about my students?
What did I learn about my teaching?
![Page 45: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
reflect about your class –structured reflection
![Page 46: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
keep a reflective journal
![Page 47: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Analyze steps: manage your data
display your data
analyze your data
![Page 48: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
steps in analyzing your data
manage display analyze
![Page 49: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Ways to check and develop your ideas
Talk
talk: talk with a friend or colleague
![Page 50: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
talking helps you to check in with reality!
![Page 51: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
talk with a friend or colleague
![Page 52: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
check back with your teaching portfolio
![Page 53: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
look again at the pictures of your class
![Page 54: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Ways to share your ideas and get feedback
Present
present: make presentations here at NUFS or at conferences
tell your colleagues what you’re learning
![Page 55: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
make presentations here at NUFS
![Page 56: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
write up your action research into a report
![Page 57: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Why do action research?
outcomes
processes
![Page 58: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
look
think do
How do you think about your classroom?
![Page 59: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
How do you do action research?
not researching ON students …
but researching WITH students …
and researching about YOURSELF
![Page 60: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Ways to understand your classroom
Analyze steps: manage your data
display your data
analyze your data
![Page 61: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
steps in analyzing your data
manage display analyze
![Page 62: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
managing your data
write research numbers eg S1Q1, S1Int1
keep different data in separate folders
make photocopies – and store originals
![Page 63: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
displaying and analyzing numerical data
displaying data: summarize on a master sheet
do quickly as soon as possible
create simple visual graphs
use simple charts to help you understand your data
![Page 64: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Pie graph – shows proportions (few groups)
Time in Class
Listening
Reading
Writing
Sleeping
![Page 65: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Bar chart –shows many groups of data
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1970 1980 1990 2000
Changes in U.S. Family Structure,1970-2000
2 parents
mother
father
no adult
![Page 66: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Line graph – shows changes over time
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1970 1980 1990 2000
Changes in U.S. Family Structure, 1970-2000
2 parents
mother
father
no adult
![Page 67: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
displaying and analyzing numerical data
analyzing data: descriptions – describe basic facts
comparisons – compare groups of information
relationships – explain relationships
![Page 68: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
displaying and analyzing textual data
displaying data:
number each piece of text
cut each piece out, ready for analysis analyzing data:
put data in groups
label each group, and write a description
![Page 69: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
first cycle: from text to groups
first
step
• grouping the data
second
step
• labeling the groups
third
step
• defining the groups
![Page 70: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
first step: grouping data
![Page 71: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
first step: grouping data
• It’s easy!
• Group data together that is similar …
• … and separate data that is different.
![Page 72: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
second step: labeling groups
• giving each group a label = a ‘code’
• these codes are:
• usually a WORD or A PHRASE
• concrete
• describes the group’s data
• created by the researcher(s), or using words from the data (in vivo coding)
![Page 73: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
third step: defining groups
• define each group • write one or two sentences to define each
group – to explain what data is in each group (and perhaps what is not!).
• use your own words, but try to include some words or phrases that the participants wrote.
![Page 74: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
second cycle: from groups to themes
first
step
• putting similar groups together into ‘themes’
second
step
• labeling these themes
third
step
• defining these themes
![Page 75: Introduction to Action Research](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022050801/5456d9ffb1af9f37608b4e20/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
second cycle: finding patterns
• grouping and labeling • Group similar groups together …
… and separate different groups.
• Label these new, larger groups using words or phrases.
• These labels are usually more abstract, like STUDENT MOTIVATION, LEARNING GOALS.
• Define them.
• Note: these new groups are called ‘themes’.