Introduction Background Information & Previous Literature Problem Statement & Hypothesis...
Transcript of Introduction Background Information & Previous Literature Problem Statement & Hypothesis...
Introduction
Background Information & Previous Literature Problem Statement & Hypothesis Experimental Procedure Analysis & Interpretation of Data Sources of Experimental Error Conclusions Applications & Further Research
Photograph courtesy of C. Younger
Praying Mantids Highly evolved insects
Mobile head Camouflaged
Generally ambush predators but can stalk prey
When threatened they enter a defensive stance with forelegs raised to their heads and curled abdomen
Undergo incomplete metamorphosis (i.e. molting)
Orchid Mantis
Chinese Praying Mantis
Spiny Flower Mantis
Ph
oto
gra
ph
co
urt
esy
of
Da
n L
ieb
erm
an
Ph
oto
gra
ph
co
urt
esy
of
Bo
b J
en
son
Photograph courtesy of theOhio Historical Society
Basic Anatomy
Tibi
a
Fem
ur
Ph
oto
gra
ph
s co
urt
esy
of
Okl
ah
om
a S
tate
Un
ive
rsity
Photograph courtesy ofThe Praying Mantids
Editor, F.R. PreteImage courtesy of EnchantedLearning.com
Mantid Vision
Binocular vision: the ability to produce a focused image of the same object simultaneously on the retinas of both eyes Perception of distance 3-d vision
Compound Eye Immovable Ommatidia: numerous light
receptive cells Outer cuticle Retinal Cells Rhabdom
Acute Zone: central portion of eye where vision is most keen; also called the visual fovea P
ho
tog
rap
h c
ou
rte
sy o
f T
he
Pra
yin
g M
an
tids;
Ed
itor,
F.R
. P
rete
Rhabdom
Cuticle Forward Looking
Acute ZoneCrystalline Cone
Corneal Lens
Photograph courtesy of The Praying Mantids; Editor, F.R. Prete
Image courtesy of BioMEDIA ASSOCIATES
Predatory Behavior
Prey capture sequence Visual recognition Head saccades Peering movements Strike Lunge
Depends on… Prey size Prey speed Prey orientation Prey contrast with the
backgroundPhotograph courtesy of The Praying Mantids; Editor, F.R. Prete
Experimental Design
2 boxes (9 x 6.25 x 5.5 inches) 1 with an all black background on 5 sides 1 with an all white background on 5 sides
Step 1 Introduce mantid Allow 20 minutes for acclimation
Anesthetize 5 fruit flies Place in refrigerator (40 °F) for 20 minutes
Step 2 Introduce 5 wingless fruit flies
Through a funnel inserted in the “x” shaped incision in the center of the netting
Step 3 Record time it takes for mantid to catch 1 fruit fly with a stopwatch Start of timing: introduction of all 5 flies End of timing: first successful prey capture or if no capture
had occurred after 10 minutes
Step 4
Thank You!
“One of the contributors to this book quipped in an e-mail message that ‘rearing mantises has to be one of the most frustrating jobs – at least sometimes.’ He was right.”
– Fredrick Prete, coeditor of The Praying Mantids Are there any
questions?
Ph
oto
gra
ph
co
urt
esy
of
Arle
ne
Rip
ley