INTRODUCE SOUND IN FILM

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BASIC THEORY OF SOUND• Sound is a vibration in an elastic medium

such as air, water, building materials and earth. Sound energy progresses in atmospheric pressure and travel a great distance.

• Wavelength of Sound: It is the distance a sound wave traveling during one cycle of vibration or wavelength is the distance between adjacent regions where identical conditions of particle displacement occur.

Definition: Soundo The way in which sound is used

to communicate meaning

o The manipulation and layering of sound to create meaning

Sound can be a complicated feature of film studies, unless deconstructed and certain term applied it can pass

you by and not seem important. Trying watching a film sequence with

out the sound to truly feel how important sound is

Two Types of SOUND: NON-DIEGETIC refers to

sound that ONLY the audience can hear. Typically, this would be Soundtrack music – played for effect, to build tension in the audience but not part of the scene itself.

NOTE: - EXTERNAL DIEGETIC SOUNDS are sounds of action and characters’ speech. - INTERNAL DIEGETIC SOUNDS are sounds of internal dialogue and/or sounds of memories or other actions taking place in a character’s mind.

DIEGETIC (from inside the DIEGESIS) refers to sound that BOTH the audience and the characters can hear. This would be sound effects or music played in the scene.

Example Of Diegetic And Non-diegetic Sound

• DIEGENTIC

• Ambient sound (background noises -they create

atmosphere )e.g. footsteps, traffic, birds, wind, voices,

machinery etc

• Dialogue (conversation or character speaking aloud)

• Sound effects (synchronised to the action)

e.g. gun firing, door slamming, car screeching etc…

• Music (within the film world)e.g. playing on a CD player, TV set, band

etc…

• NON-DIEGENTIC

• Sound Track (music played to create atmosphere for the viewer)

• Narration / Voice over (voice added to give information to the viewer – may be the character’s thoughts heard only by the audience)

• Sound effects (additional sounds that help create the atmosphere / build tension for the viewer)

SOUND EQUIPMENT

several item that using for audio in film.

Sound bridge

1

2

Sound bridges can lead in or out of a scene. They can occur at the beginning of one scene when the sound from the previous scene carries over briefly before the sound from the new scene begins.

Alternatively, they can occur at the end of a scene, when the sound from the next scene is heard before the image appears on the screen.

A sound bridge is where the sound / music carries on into the next scene

PLEONASTIC SOUND

Pleonastic sound is exaggerated sound e.g. light sabres slashing the air in Star Wars - or a tap dripping more loudly than normal in a horror film etc.

A technique used to create this kind of sound is Foley Sound

Choosing and Manipulating Sounds

• The creation of the sound track is similar to and demands as much choice and control as the editing of the image track.

• Sometimes the sound track is conceived before the image track.

• For example, studio-made animation and experimental film.

Choosing and Manipulating Sounds

Sound guides the viewer’s attention. Normally, this means clarifying and

simplifying the sound track so that important material stands out.

Dialogue, the transmitter of story information, is usually recorded and reproduced for maximum clarity.

Choosing and Manipulating Sounds

Important lines should not have to compete with music or background noise.

Sound effects are usually less important and supply an overall sense of a realistic environment. However, if they were missing the silence would be distracting.

Music is also subordinate to dialogue, noticeable during pauses in dialogue and transitions.

Foley work – where re-recorded sound is used to enhance ‘real’ sound

Choosing and Manipulating Sounds

Dialogue does not always rank highest in importance.

Sound effects are central to action sequences.

Music can dominate dance scenes, transitions, or very emotional moments with no dialogue.

Choosing and Manipulating Sounds

In creating a sound track, the filmmaker must select sounds that will fulfill a particular function.

Usually, the filmmaker will provide a clearer, simpler sound world than that of everyday life.

This helps the audience to focus on only the sound which is important and not needless background noise.

Choosing and Manipulating Sounds The microphone is unselective; like the camera

lens, it does not automatically filter out what is distracting.

Directional and shielded microphones absorb motor noise.

Foley work – which re-creates the specific diegetic sounds.

Editing from libraries of stock sounds. All of these allow the filmmaker to choose

exactly what the sound track requires.

MANIPULATING SOUNDSToday, film sound is

normally reprocessed to produce exactly the qualities desired.

A dry recording of the sound will be changed electronically to produce the desired effect.

For example, the voice of someone on a telephone will be digitally filtered to make it more tinny and muffled.

SOUND MIXING Guiding the viewer’s attention,

depends on selecting and reworking sounds.

It also depends on mixing, or combining them.

The sound track is not a set of discrete sound units but an ongoing stream of auditory information.

AUDIO POST. Combining sounds is usually done after

shooting, in the mixing process called Audio Post.

The mixer can precisely control the volume, duration, and tone quality of each sound.

o Today, a dozen or more separate tracks may be mixed in layers at any moment.

o The mix can be quite dense, like in a busy airport or very sparse with an occasional sound emerging against a quiet background.

o These choices reflect the mood of the film the filmmaker aims to achieve.

Layers of Audio built up to create the right mood

DON’T FORGET…

Silence – even when there is no sound this can create an impact

Dialogue – the tone, pitch and volume of actors voices can all contribute to the meaning of a scene or how the audience relate to them

CONCLUSION

sound can attract audience. sound can set our emotion. sound making film perfect.