INTO HELL… WWIJot down the following lecture outline for your notes.

Beginnings of WWI A Century of Peace The “Isms” Kaiser Wilhelm Alliances (list them) Balkan Dispute Assassination (Terrorism) Franz Ferdinand Gavrilo Princip (Black Hand) Austrian Ultimatum War Declarations (Copy the Chart) Schlieffen Plan Rape of Belgium

A Century of Peace Few major wars since the Napoleonic

Wars Germany Emerges as a unified state

(Otto von Bismark) Franco Prussian War leads to German

French rivalry= Alsace Lorraine (steel)

Napoleon and the Bis.

The “Isms” Rise of Nationalism Imperialism Militarism- military mobilization Troop service expanded= large standing

armies Navy Building: Great Britain and

Germany- Dreadnaught

Dreadnaught

Entangling Alliances- Security Communities Germany attempts to isolate France Establish a treaty with Russia

European Map circa 1900

Rise of Kaiser Wilhelm Kaiser Wilhelm “I and the army were born for one

another” “No, it is a big cold. Everything about me

must be big.” German uniforms…

The Kaiser and uni’s

Wilhelm cont./Alliances removes the Iron Chancellor Otto von

Bismark Allows a lapse in the German/Russian

Alliance

Other Alliances Triple Alliance (Germany, Italy, Austria-

Hungary)= Main components of Central Powers

France = Russia Russia = Serbs (Balkans) Great Britain = Belgium Triple Entente (Russia = France = G.B.)

= Main Allies

Map of Alliances

Balkan Dispute Decline of the Ottoman Empire Independence movements- Bulgaria,

Romania, Serbia, Greece, Montenegro Serbian Slavs demand unity in Balkans Russian support (Slavic nation) vs.

Austria Hungarian control (controls the Balkans)

Balkan Dispute cont. Austria Hungary annex Bosnia and

Herzegovina= war nearly results Serbia fights local conflicts and

increases territory, threatens Austria Hungary

Assassination (Terrorism) Austria Hungarian heir to the throne,

Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife Sophie visit Sarajevo (Bosnian capital)

Killed by Gavrilo Princip (member of the Black Hand)

Black Hand- rumors of support from Serbian/Slavic leaders

Assassination

Reactions and Ultimatum Blame placed on Serbs With encouragement from Germany,

Austria Hungary demand satisfaction Place harsh ultimatum against Serbia Serbia agrees to most of the stipulations But Austria rejects the offer

War Declarations

1 •Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia

2 •Russia mobilizes troops to Russian/Austrian border

3 •Russia also mobilizes against Germany

War Declarations cont.

4 •Germany declares war on Russia

5 •Germany Declares war on France

6 •?????????

Schlieffen PlanGeneral Alfred Graf von Schlieffen avoid a two front war (knock out France

first) Mobilize to attack Russia later

The Plan

More to the PlanFrance is ready for this… Avoid French/German border (troops

are mobilized there) Go around the mobilization and invade

Belgium Germany asks to go through Belgium Belgium refuses and provokes a

German invasion= the Rape of Belgium by German Huns

Rape of Belgium

Final Step?

6 •Great Britain declares war on Germany

7 •United States declares neutrality•(but is it really neutral?)

8 •?????????