Intersleek Presentation

1

Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical advice or recommendations given are subject to our standard Conditions of Sale.

Introduction to Intersleek®

May 2010


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda

• Customer needs for fouling control

• Fouling control options

• Intersleek Technology

• Intersleek®700 silicone technology

• Intersleek®900 fluoropolymer technology

• Environmental footprint


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda








Intersleek®

May 2010

Customer needs

Minimise fuel costs

Safe for the environment

Less engine wear

Long-life coatings

High speed

Readiness for war

Noise minimisation

Time on station

2


Intersleek®

May 2010

Why is fouling-control needed?

• The control of surface roughness and of fouling is essential to keep

hulls as smooth as possible, and thus minimise drag.

• Our primary aim is to sell “smooth hulls”. Fouling-control coatings are

the best way of achieving this.


Intersleek®

May 2010

Effect of fouling on the hull

Slime fouling:1-2% increase in drag

Weed fouling:Up to 10% increase in drag

Shell fouling:Up to 40% increase in drag

MICRO-FOULING = SLIME MACRO-FOULING = WEED & ANIMAL


Intersleek®

May 2010

Hull roughness

Corrosion & Cracking Detachment

Cold Flow Touch-up repairs


Intersleek®

May 2010

Measuring Hull Roughness

• Hull roughness is determined through a physical method using the BMT

Hull Roughness Machine

Surface Probe

3


Intersleek®

May 2010

Measuring Hull Roughness

• The surface probe is run across the surface and a number of runs are

carried out on a hull of a vessel to generate a “hull roughness”:

Peak to trough height (microns)

Num

ber

of

Readin

gs

Average

Smooth HullRough Hull

Average


Intersleek®

May 2010

• The BMT AHR gauge measures Rt which is the average peak-to-trough height over a distance of one metre

• Surfaces with high Rt values also tend to have short wavelengths (λ,

distance between peaks)

• High Rt and short λ result in higher levels of drag compared to low Rtand long λ

Rt

Rtλ λSmooth surface

Rough surface

The effect of roughness


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Water flows more easily over a surface with a lower Rt and longer wavelength

Smooth Surface

Rough Surface

Laminar Flow

Turbulent FlowWater flow cannot traverse short wavelength and is disrupted –turbulence results

The effect of roughness


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda







4


Intersleek®

May 2010

Fouling control options

• There are two main fouling control technologies currently available:

• Biocidal Antifoulings

• Non-Biocidal Foul Release Coatings

• Biocidal antifoulings can be sub-divided into:

• Self-polishing Copolymer (SPC) = Intersmooth® SPC

• Hybrid SPC = Interswift®

• Controlled Depletion (CDP) = Interspeed®

• Non-biocidal foul release coatings can be subdivided into:

• Silicone = Intersleek®700

• Fluoropolymer = Intersleek®900


Intersleek®

May 2010

Fouling control options

BIO

CID

AL

No

n-

BIO

CID

AL

CDP

HYBRID

SPC

Vesse

l Eff

icie

ncy

Cost/m2

Silicone

Fluoro-polymer


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda



• Intersleek technology





Intersleek®

May 2010

• Two main products exist in the Intersleek® product range:

• Intersleek®700

• Based on pure silicone technology

• Option for scheduled vessels with speeds ≥ 15knots and activities ≥ 70%

• Intersleek®900

• Based on fluoropolymer technology

• Option for all vessels with speeds ≥ 10knots and activities ≥ 20%

Intersleek® Products

5


Intersleek®

May 2010

History of Intersleek®

1971Intersleek technology patented

1974TBT SPC becomes market leader

Early 1980’sConcern grows over use of TBT

1991TBT banned in Japan

1996Intersleek®425 silicone foul release system for >25 knots launched

1999Intersleek®700 silicone foul release for deep sea launched

2003TBT banned Worldwide

2007Intersleek®900patented fluoropolymer foul release for >10 knots launched

2005100 deep sea vessels with Intersleek®700

2008100 vessels coated with Intersleek®900

2009>600 vessels coated with Intersleek®

technology

1970

Present


Intersleek®

May 2010

Intersleek® Products

Intersleek Vessel Compatibility

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

0 5 10 15 20 25

Speed (knots)

Se

am

iles/m

on

th

20%

35%

70%

100%

Intersleek®900

Intersleek®700Activity


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda








Intersleek®

May 2010

• Intersleek 700 is based on pure silicone technology

• Launched in 1999 in response to pending TBT legislation as an alternative to biocidal antifoulings

• Main ingredient is PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane)

• System cures to form an elastomeric coating

Silicone Technology 700

Silicon

Oxygen

Carbon

Hydrogen

6


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Intersleek®700 is

• Free of biocides with fouling control through physical means

only

• Low VOC making it compliant to all current solvent control

legislation

• Contains no toxic materials helping to reduce the impact of

the coating on the vessels’ green passport

• Chemically durable resulting in long life on the vessel



Intersleek®

May 2010

• Intersleek®700 works through creating a hydrophobic (“water-hating”), surface with low energy

• Silicones are inherently hydrophobic resulting in high contact angles and beading of water on the surface



Intersleek®

May 2010

• The hydrophobic surface of Intersleek®700 makes it difficult for fouling organisms to form a strong bond

• Any organisms that attach during static periods are easily removed



Intersleek®

May 2010

Seamiles/tonne bunkers consumed

5.20

5.405.60

5.80

6.00

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

voyages

se

am

ile

s/t

on

ne

Intersleek 700

Antifouling

6.42 Nm/te.fuel

6.07 Nm/te.fuel

700Performance

• “Yugohe”

• First Chinese operator to use Intersleek®700

• Vessel now upgraded to Intersleek®900

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Intersleek®

May 2010

August 2003Rated 16 knots

Environmental complianceDouble engine, rudder, prop, hull

Full double redundancy

March 2006, 31 monthsTrading speed 17 knots

Speed increase with higher charter rateor reduce speed and save fuel

700Performance

• “Polar Discovery”

• 125,000DWT Tanker


Intersleek®

May 2010

700Performance

• “Alphard Star”

• 300,000DWT VLCC

• 0.9 knot increase in loaded conditions

• 0.2 knot increase in ballast conditions

• 4.5% fuel savings


Intersleek®

May 2010

700Performance

• “Alphard Star”

• 24 months performance


Intersleek®

May 2010

700Performance

• “Ramlah”

• 4.7 days per trip saved

• 7.3 tonne/day reduction

Ramlah- Intersleek 700 vs. Fleet Average

Ramlah Time Days Distance (Miles) Av Speed (Knots) Av. TPD Voyage con (Te) Revs. Av

Loaded 815.0 34.0 12,402.0 15.2 88.2 2,996.0 65.9

Ballast 387.0 16.1 6,508.0 16.8 88.9 1,431.0 66.150.1

Fleet average

Loaded (25) 897.5 37.4 12,439.0 13.9 86.9 3,251.0 62.9

Ballast (14) 418.1 17.4 6,547.4 15.7 88.4 1,540.0 63.454.8

Hours -82.5 -3.4 Speed 1.4 1.3 255.0 7.5-31.1 -1.3 1.2 0.5 109.0 6.8

-4.7 days Speed 1.3 1.8 364.0 Te 7.3 127,400.0 $/vovage7.3 Te/day 2,543.8 $/day 763,128.1 $/year

Intersleek benefit

8


Intersleek®

May 2010

700Charterer Influence

• “APL Canada”

• Charterer paid extra for Intersleek®700 to be applied


Intersleek®

May 2010

700

• “Northwest Shearwater”

• 62,520 DWT LNG

• 59 months performance

• Speed within the charter agreement

Charterer Influence


Intersleek®

May 2010

700Charterer Influence

• “Olympia”

• Owned by Euronav and chartered by Total

• Launched at HHI September 2008

• After fitting-out, immediately transferred to Dubai and upgraded to Intersleek®700 using Intersleek®717 link-coat

• Sister vessel “Antartica”completed in February 2009


Intersleek®

May 2010

Track Record 700

• Intersleek®700 has been applied to the full underwater hull of over 375* deep sea vessels

*May 2010

4 47 8

26

17

59

65

5350

64

18

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Nu

mb

er

of

Vessels

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Year

Number of Full Vessels Coated with Intersleek 700

9


Intersleek®

May 2010

Track Record 700


*May 2010

41

133

88

1511

21

10

34

4

13

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Nu

mb

er

of

Vessels

Cruise Container Gas Carrier OSV Reefer Ferry Navy Tanker Bulker PCC

Types of Vessels with Intersleek 700 Applied


Intersleek®

May 2010

Customer generated fuel savings

012345678

Euro co

nt 1

Euro

cont

2

AP con

t

Euro

cont

3

Euro co

nt 4

AP co

nt 2

Avera

ge C

onta

iner

ME L

NG

ME ta

nker 1

ME ta

nker 2

Euro ta

nker

1

Avera

ge ta

nker

Euro fe

rry

US fe

rry

Euro

fast fe

rry

Ove

rall av

erage

% f

uel sa

ved

4.4% average

““IntersleekIntersleek®®700 can give an average of 4% fuel savings700 can give an average of 4% fuel savings””

700Performance


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda








Intersleek®

May 2010

Fluoropolymer Foul Release Features

• Biocide-free

• Balanced surface energy profile

• Ultra-smooth surface

• Very good resistance to mechanical damage

• Controls fouling on most vessels (≥10knots)

• Can be applied over existing

• SPC systems with use of Intersleek®717 linkcoat

• Intersleek® systems direct

900

10


Intersleek®

May 2010

Fluoropolymer technology

• Fluoropolymer technology provides an amphiphilic surface

• An amphiphilic surface is one which displays both hydrophobic (as with pure silicones) and hydrophilic tendencies at the same time

• The fluoropolymer technology in Intersleek®900 achieves this through a carefully controlled chemical arrangement giving the followingstructure at the surface

Hydrophilic terminus

900

Hydrophobic main chain

Hydrophilic terminus


Intersleek®

May 2010

Fluoropolymer technology

• Marine fouling organisms (e.g. barnacles, tubeworms) have preferences for either hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces

• Making a surface that is wholly hydrophilic or hydrophobic will result in preferential settlement of organisms that prefer a particular type of surface

• A balanced amphiphilic surface of Intersleek®900 minimises the interactions with a wider range of fouling organisms

900


Intersleek®

May 2010

Intersleek®900 Vs Silicones

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss

60% reduction in overspray

Hydrophobicadhesive protein

Hydrophilicadhesive protein

Species 1 Species 2

Amphiphilic surface(both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties)

Intersleek® 900Fluoropolymer

Primary result25% smoother38% better coefficient of friction40% better foul-release properties80% better static performance50% less slime

900


Intersleek®

May 2010

Suitable trading patterns

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25

Speed (knots)

Se

am

ile

s/m

on

th

100%

70%

40%

20%

Unprecedented reductions in Average Hull Roughness (AHR)

Superior foul release capabilities

Improved resistance to mechanical damage

Intersleek 900

Intersleek 900

Intersleek 700

Intersleek 900

ALL VESSEL TYPES

900

11


Intersleek®

May 2010

Benefits

• Proven fuel savings of up to 9% + over SPC type antifoulings

• Proven fuel savings of up to 10% + over CDP type antifoulings

• Reduced stack emissions

• Through life cost savings

• Potential speed improvements

• Reduced maintenance costs

• Reduced operational costs

900


Intersleek®

May 2010

Fluoropolymer Foul Release

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss



900

Intersleek®900Fluoropolymer Technology


Intersleek®

May 2010

Surface Roughness

Intersleek®900 Intersleek®700 TBT-Free SPC

RT average = 54μm RT average = 65μm RT average = 125μm

900


Intersleek®

May 2010

Decrease in AHR

Cruise Liner:

62 microns AHR

Tanker:

63 microns AHR

Tanker:

71 microns AHR

900

12


Intersleek®

May 2010

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss



900




Intersleek®

May 2010

Coefficient of Friction

• Skin Friction is measured using flat plates, drag testing or cavitation tunnels.

• Skin friction is the measure of the resistance of a coating to passing water

• The coating that offers the least resistance of the hull passing through water will reduce power required by the vessel to maintain the desired speed.

• Intersleek 900 fluoropolymer has been compared to silicone foul release coatings using an axi-symmetric body in a cavitation tunnel

900


Intersleek®

May 2010


• Cavitation Tunnel

900

Axi-symmetric body

Water flow


Intersleek®

May 2010


• Skin Friction Results

900

7.20

7.25

7.30

7.35

7.40

7.45

7.50

7.55

7.60

7.65

Dra

g (

New

ton

s)

Smooth Aluminium Silicone Intersleek 900

13


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Mercator Lines Ltd

• Opted for fuel savings on their vessels

• “Prem Pride” 6% for vertical sides only in Intersleek 900

• “Prem Divya” 9% for whole underwater area

Examples


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Inco Ships Pty Ltd

• Opted for speed improvement on their vessel

• Ikuna coated in 2006 has consistently shown a 10% increase in speed over the last three years

Examples 900


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Wightlink

• Opted for speed improvement on their vessel

• Fastcat Ryde showed 2 knot increase after application of Intersleek®900

Examples


Intersleek®

May 2010

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss



900



14


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Foul release capabilities are measured using the ASTM 5168 Barnacle Push-Off test

• Fluoropolymer system Intersleek®900 has significantly lower barnacle adhesive strength than any other coating

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Sh

ear

Ad

hesio

n S

tren

gth

(kP

A)

Epoxy* PTFE* Silicone Foul

Release

Intersleek 900

Foul Release Properties 900


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Foul release capabilities are measured using the ASTM 5168 Barnacle Push-Off test

• Fluoropolymer system Intersleek®900 has significantly lower barnacle adhesive strength than any other coating

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Sh

ea

r A

dh

es

ion

Str

en

gth

(k

PA

)

Silicone Foul Release Intersleek 900



Intersleek®

May 2010

• Independent testing by Florida Institute of Technology (FIT) using their powerboat showed excellent foul release performance on a vessel situation

• Foil mounted in rear of 7m powerboat

• Speed of boat varied and maintained at set speeds for 1 minute intervals and force data, water velocity and video image captured



Intersleek®

May 2010

INSTRUMENTED FOIL – Test Procedure

• Holds ~ 25cm x 30 cm test panel

• Panels mounted on floating element force balance

• Underwater video camera mounted adjacent to test section

(Strain gauges and circuitry produces linear voltage response)

• Data logger records drag force

• Pilot-static measures hydrodynamic pressure

(Determines flow velocity)


15


Intersleek®

May 2010

Original Fouling Condition Foul release capabilities at ~5 knots



Intersleek®

May 2010

• Foul Release Capabilities

• An LNG coated with Intersleek®900 was laid up at Trinidad for four months

• Vessel was inspected prior to leaving port and found to have 70%barnacle coverage

• The vessel was inspected after one trip across to Spain with cargo and showed very little fouling. The flat bottom was coated with a biocidal paint where barnacles were still adherent



Intersleek®

May 2010


• Tanker with vertical sides coated in Intersleek®900 has been undergoing conversion to a FSO in Dubai

• Condition of the vessel during drydocking after 9 months static:



Intersleek®

May 2010


• Tanker with vertical sides coated in Intersleek®900 has been undergoing conversion to a FSO in Dubai

• Condition during washing:


16


Intersleek®

May 2010

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss



900




Intersleek®

May 2010

• Corona Ace, May 2009, 31 months in-service

• Before washing

Static Performance 900


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Corona Ace, May 2009, 31 months in-service

• Before washing

900Static Performance


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Ikuna

• Dive inspection after 37 months

• General fouling performance

• Light slime in all areas


17


Intersleek®

May 2010

• General fouling performance

• Light slime in all areas

• Fouling on in-active anodes and old block areas



Intersleek®

May 2010

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss



900




Intersleek®

May 2010

Lower Slime

• Operators enjoying the benefits of using Intersleek®700 have raised concerns about the slime that sometimes builds up

• Intersleek®900 technology has combined surface effect modifications and ultra-low smoothness to reduce the slime build up by around 50%

900


Intersleek®

May 2010

900

• Intersleek®900 test patch

• 49 months in-service

• 14,927 DWT car carrier

• 20 knots

Lower Slime

18


Intersleek®

May 2010

900

• Intersleek®900 test patch

• VLCC

• 59 months in service

• Significantly reduced slime compared to silicone system

Lower Slime

Intersleek 700Silicone

Intersleek 900Fluoropolymer


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Gas carrier test patch after 24 months

Test patch inspection 3rd Oct 2006, 7 months in service

Intersleek®900

Intersleek®700

900Lower slime


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Test patch applications continue to show improved slime resistance of Intersleek®900 fluoropolymer compared to Intersleek®700 silicone…

Zekreet, 30 months

900Lower slime


Intersleek®

May 2010

Test patch inspection 3rd Oct 2006, 7 months in service

Intersleek®900 Intersleek®700

900Lower slime

19


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Western Pride

• Survey Vessel


• West African coast

900Lower slime


Intersleek®

May 2010

• Post Panamax Container


• Areas of flat bottom were completed in Intersleek®700 during construction

• Significant improvement in slime formation for Intersleek®900

900 700 700

700900 700

900Lower slime


Intersleek®

May 2010

Fluoropolymer foul release

Secondary result

100% better hold-up

35% higher gloss


60% better abrasion resistance


900



Intersleek®

May 2010

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Num

be

r of

Ve

ssels

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Year

Number of Full Vessels with Intersleek 900

Track Record 900


*May 2010

20


Intersleek®

May 2010

900Track Record


*May 20100

10

20

30

40

50

60

Nu

mbe

r o

f V

esse

ls

Cruise Container Gas

Carrier

OSV Reefer Ferry Navy Tanker Bulker PCC Small

Craft

Fishing Product

Tanker

Types of Vessels coated with Intersleek 900


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda

• Customer needs as regards fouling control







Intersleek®

May 2010

Bunker consumption

Raw material consumption

Hazardous Materials(Green Passport)

Oily Water

Ballast water(invasive species)

General waste

Stack emissions

Biofouling (invasive species)Biocide release

from antifoulings

Vessel Environmental Footprint


Intersleek®

May 2010

Stack emissions

Bunker consumption

Raw material consumption

Hazardous Materials(Green Passport)

Oily Water

Ballast water(invasive species)

General waste

Biofouling (invasive species)Biocide release

from antifoulings

No transport of animal or plant

species

No release of biocides or toxic

materials at any time

Vessel Environmental FootprintIntersleek®900 benefits

Down by at up to 9%

Down by at least 6%

Reduced lifetime paint consumption

No toxic materials used

21


Intersleek®

May 2010

Agenda

• Customer needs as regards fouling control







Intersleek®

May 2010

Thank you

Courtesy of Samsung Heavy Ind.

Intersleek Presentation

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