International Trade Law and Ethics INTERNATIONAL EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY Master of Business...

International Trade Law and Ethics

INTERNATIONAL EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY

Master of Business Administration ProgramMagister Management Program

Sumenep - 2007

Hak Cipta © 2009 Yahoo! [email protected]. Hak Cipta dilindungi Undang-Undang.

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Topics: Understanding the terminologies;

Basic understanding on International Business Transaction;

International Regulations on Export Import;

Basic Understanding on the World Trade Organization;

International Business Ethics.


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UNDERSTANDING THE TERMINOLOGIES

International Economic covers economic activities and relations done by government and other related actors in public or private sectors within macro or micro scopes;

International Business covers more specific aspect of International Economic area. It deals with all financial profit oriented transactions;

International Trade covers more specific aspect of International Business. One form of International Businesses is trade/commerce/purchase and sale. International Trade deals specifically with transactions and regulations concerning trade.


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INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

INTERNATIONAL TRADE


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Regulations on International Economic

Governmental regulations of economic matters;

International Organizations regulations of economic matters;

Regulations on: International Finance and Monetary; Investment; Communications; Transport; Natural Resources; Nuclear Energy.


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Regulations on International Business

Regulations on Investment Regulations on Intellectual Properties Regulations on Trade of Goods Regulations on Trade of Services

Regulations enacted by Government Regulations enacted by International

Organizations Regulations enacted by Association of

(certain) Professions


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Regulations on International Trade

PUBLIC SECTORS

the WTO Rules GATT, GATS, TRIPs, and TRIMs;

Bilateral Trade Agreements

Plurilateral Trade Agreements AFTA, APEC, Trans-Pacific Strategic Economic Partnership (P4) between Chile, New Zealand, Singapore, Brunei; NAFTA, CAFTA;

Multilateral Trade Agreements the 1973 International Convention on the Simplification

and Harmonization of Custom Procedures [the Kyoto Convention];

The 1983 International Convention on the Harmonized Commodities Description and Coding System [the Brussels Convention].


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Regulations on International TradePRIVATE SECTOR

Legal relationships between parties who sell and buy goods from each other;

Legal relationship with persons willing to carry the goods from one place to another;

Arrangements with insurers to protect the goods in the event of loss and damage;

Financing and payment agreement with banks of financial institutions.

BASIC UNDERSTANDING ON INTERNATIONAL

BUSINESS


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TOPICS

D E F I N I T I O N A C T O R S F O R M S LEGAL COMPLEXITIES


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D E F I N I T I O N

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TRANSACTION

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

>< NATIONAL, DOMESTIC, WITHIN TERRITORYCROSS BORDER; CROSS BOUNDARY OUTSIDE OF NATIONAL TERRITORY

THE OUTMOST ISSUE IS “LEGAL COMPLEXITIES” RAISED BECAUSE OF INTERNATIONAL COVERAGE OF THE TRANSACTION


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B U S I N E S S

>< CHARITY, VOLUNTARY, SOCIAL, NON-COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL TRANSACTION PROFIT ORIENTATION TRANSACTION

PROFIT ORIENTATION:

FINANCIAL SIMPLY TO MAKE MONEY

NON-FINANCIAL / IMMATERIIL

REPUTATIONPREVELEDGE ON BROADER SECTORSNETWORK EX.: SOCIAL, CULTUREMARKET SHARE POLITIC, SECURITY &TRUST DEFENSE, ETC.


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D I S C U S S I O N

applying non-financial orientation now to gain financial profit later?

applying financial orientation now to gain non-financial profit later?

applying financial as well as non-financial orientation in a single transaction?

K E Y S T O A N A L Y Z E

short & present spot >< long scene & the whole picture of transaction

strategy of transaction >< basic, origin, main purpose of transaction

strictly single application >< mixture on purposes achievement: success >< failure starting point >< end result


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T R A N S A C T I O N

LEGAL DEAL DEALS THAT HAVE TO BE PERFORMED LEGALLY LEGALLY MEET FORMAL AND MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS THEREFORE, IT IS LEGALLY BINDING AND CREATES LEGAL

CONSEQUENCES

DEALS PERFORMED OUTSIDE OF THE LAW NOT IN LINE WITH THE LAW CONTRADICT TO THE LAW

ILLEGAL TRANSACTION


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A C T O R S

INTERNATIONAL LAW SCHEME:

Subject of International Law an entity with international personality

“Capable of possessing international rights & duties and has capacity to maintain Its rights by bringing international claims”[Reparations for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations, International Court of Justice Report 1949, p. 174]

S T A T E International Organization Individual Other Entities

[Tahta Suci Vatikan, ICRC, Belligerent]


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NATIONAL LAW SCHEME

O R A N G NATURAL PERSON NATURLIJK PERSOON

B A D A N H U K U M LEGAL PERSON RECHTS PERSOON


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A C T O R S O F I B T

PERSON [SUBYEK HUKUM]HUKUM PUBLIK HUKUM PRIVAT

STATE BADAN HUKUM ORANG

State Trading Enterprise

GOVERNMENT PRIVATE


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PATTERN OF TRANSACTION

G G INTERNATIONAL RELATION

P G NON F I N A N C I A L

G P F I N A N C I A L

P P INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS


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FORM OF TRANSACTION

MOVEMENT OF CAPITAL

MOVEMENT OF RIGHT

MOVEMENT OF COMMODITIES


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FORMS OF TRANSACTION

MOVEMENT OF COMMODITIES [GOODS & SERVICES] TRADING LEASING

MOVEMENT OF RIGHTS LICENCING TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY TEACHING ASSISTANCE FRANCHISE IPR LICENSE

MOVEMENT OF CAPITAL DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT JOINT VENTURE


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LEGAL COMPLEXITIES

GOVERNING LAW CHOICE OF LAW CHOICE OF FORUM

CURRENCY

FINANCE SOURCE OF FUND METHOD OF PAYMENT

TRANSPORTING COMMODITIES

INSURANCE

LANGUAGE


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G O V E R N I N G L A W

D O M E S T I C KONTRAK HUKUM POSITIF HUKUM NASIONAL

I N T E R N A S I O N A L KONTRAK HUKUM NASIONAL CHOICE OF LAW

CHOICE OF FORUM HUKUM INTERNASIONAL


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C U R R E N C Y

DOMESTIC NATIONAL CURRENCY PREFERABLE NO RISK ON EXCHANGE FLUCTUATION

INTERNATIONAL SOFT CURRENCY HARD CURRENCY CONVERTIBLE CURRENCY HIGH RISK ON EXCHANGE FLUCTUATION


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FINANCE: SOURCE OF FUND

BESARNYA NILAI TRANSAKSI DOMESTIK ATAU INTERNASIONAL

SELF-FUNDING

LOAN FROM BANKING AND NON BANKING FINANCIAL INSTITUTION

KREDIT SINDIKASI

PROJECT FINANCE

INTERNATIONAL PAYMENT SYSTEM


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FINANCE: METHOD OF PAYMENT

DOMESTIC

CASH & CARRY IN CONVENTIONAL WAY [directly using “uang kartal”] OR INVOLVING BANKING SERVICES [transaksi giral atau

menggunakan surat-surat berharga]

INTERNATIONAL

THE MOST POPULAR LETTER OF CREDIT [L/C]


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MEKANISME L/C

BANK PENJUAL BANK PEMBELI

KORESPONDEN BANK

Pembayaran

Bill of Lading + DocsMembuka L/C

PENJUAL KONTRAK EKSPOR IMPOR PEMBELI

Bill of Lading + Docs Goods

CARRIER CARRIER


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TRANSPORTING COMMODITIES

DEPEND ON THE DISTANCE

RELATIFELY SHORT & REACHABLE DISTANCE

DURATION OF TRANSACTION IS SHORTER LESS COST

POSSIBLY BY DARAT, LAUT, UDARA

RELATIFELY FAR & UNREACHABLE DISTANCE

DURATION OF BUSINESS IS RELATIFELY LONG INCREASING COST

LIMITED CHOICE ON MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION


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I N S U R A N C E

THE CLASSIFICATION ON HIGH OR LOW RISKS DEPEND ON:

PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE IN HANDLING TRANSACTION

ROUTE TAKEN IN TRANSPORTING GOODS

POINT OF TRANSIT AND RELOCATE THE GOODS

DURATION OF TRANSPORTATION

KINDS OF GOODS

PLACE OF DESTINATION


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RISKS TO PROTECT

HILANGKESELURUHAN

KUANTITAS MUSNAH

KUALITAS MAL FUNGSI / OUT OF ORDER

SEBAGIANKUANTITAS BERKURANG

KUALITAS CACAT / DEFECT


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C A U S E O F R I S K S

FORCE MAJEUR

HUMAN FACTOREXTERNAL

INTERNALrefuse to performFAIL TO PERFORM

TECHNICAL ERROR


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L A N G U A G E

DOMESTIC NATIONAL LANGUAGE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE

INTERNATIONAL MORE THAN ONE LANGUAGE

CHOOSE INTERNATIONAL LANGUAGE / BHS RESMI PBB SBG BHS STANDAR KONTRAK

TRANSLATION TO EACH LANGUAGE OF THE PARTIES


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CULTURE

Consider the variety of culture

Respect and understanding the differences; different is different, it does not necessarily mean one is better or worse than other.

International Trade Law and Ethics INTERNATIONAL EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY Master of Business...

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