International Paleolimnology Symposium 12th IPS 2012

8/15/2019 International Paleolimnology Symposium 12th IPS 2012

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12th International Paleolimnology Symposium

Glasgow SECC 21-24 August, 2012

“advancing the science of palaeolimnology”

http://paleolim.org/ips2012/http://paleolim.org/ips2012/


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Cover image: Round Loch of Glenhead by Ewan Shilland (ECRC, UCL)

Scotland's Round Loch of Glenhead was a key site in the surface water acidification debate and isnow one of the flagship sites in the UK’s long term monitoring network of acid waters.alaeolimnological studies of the loch in the !"#$s by Roger %lower& i( )ones& Rick *attarbee andothers showed that the loch had been progressi(ely suffering from the effects of acid rain since themid !"th century. %ollowing ma+or reductions in the emissions of sulphur and nitrogen gases in theUK o(er the last ,$ years the loch is now slowly reco(ering.


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Table of conen!

-elcome to S/$!/ ... ... ... ... ... ... ,

0he nternational aleolimnology 1ssociation ... ... 2

Lifetime 1chie(ement 1ward 3itations ... ... ... 4

5utstanding Ser(ice 1ward 3itations ... ... ... !!

lenary 1bstracts ... ... ... ... ... ... !,

Special Session 1bstracts ... ... ... ... ... /!

6elegate List ... ... ... ... ... ... ... /$!

"#S$%&$ i! !'on!ored by:


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S/$!/ nternational aleolimnology Symposium

elcome o "#S$%&$

5n behalf of the UK paleolimnological community& welcometo the !/th nternational aleolimnology Symposium in

Glasgow& UK& organised under the auspices of thenternational aleolimnology 1ssociation 718. 0his is thesecond time that the UK has been pri(ileged to play host. 0he

pre(ious occasion was in !"#" when the meeting was held in1mbleside in the 9nglish Lake 6istrict. 0he first e(er

paleolimnology symposium was held in !":4 in 0ihany&;ungary& on the shores of Lake *alaton.

5ur science has de(eloped (ery strongly since those early days. 0he numbers attending ourmeetings ha(e more than tripled and our community has become a truly global one. 1t thismeeting in Glasgow we are eday e


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The "nernaional #aleolimnology !!ociaion

1lthough the first aleolimnology Symposium was held in !":4 itwas not until the !$th meeting in 6uluth in /$$: that the 1 itself was

formed. t followed a unanimous decision taken at the "th meeting in;elsinki in /$$, when the need for an organisation to act as a co>ordinating body for paleolimnology was recognised.

1 constitution for the 1 was agreed at the 6uluth meeting leading tothe creation of an 9


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S/$!/ Lifetime 1chie(ement 1wards

"# Lifeime chievemen ward Ciaion!

6uring S/$!/ the nternational aleolimnology 1ssociation will present four lifetimeachie(ement awards and awards for outstanding ser(ices to paleolimnology.

*ran+oi!e Ga!!e

%ranBoise has been a pioneer on many fronts. ;er dissertation on Lake 1bhC near the9thiopia>6+ibouti border is the first continuous dated 1frican lio>leistocene diatomrecord. She de(eloped a large database of contemporary diatoms and associateden(ironmental information from 1frican lakes& which was probably the earliest lacustrinetransfer function to ?uantify geochemical (ariation dri(en by climate. %ranBoise worked

throughout 1frica and western 1sia to reconstruct Duaternary climate& and a substanti(e portion of what we know about 1frican paleoclimate is based on or builds on her work. ;erresearch commonly integrated diatom and isotopic data and is characteri@ed both by itssophisticated understanding of the importance of basin hydrogeomorphology in

palaeoclimatic interpretation and the rigour of her taknown scientists and hasmentored multiple other indi(iduals o(er the years. 0he impact and ?uality of her career aree


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S/$!/ 5utstanding Ser(ice 1wards

"# /u!anding Service ward Ciaion!

0hese new awards are designed to honour those that ha(e enabled the ad(ancement of

palaeolimnology through their dedicated& effecti(e and sustained support for research andfor our research community.

ohn Glew

for dedicated work in de(eloping and impro(ing new corers and samplers used by paleolimnologists worldwide

udih Ter'o! for dedication o(er many years in helping to make the Journal of Paleolimnology asuccess

Tom himore

for long>term professional commitment to the running of our listser(er

-ill La!

for tireless and enthusiastic work as co>editor>in>chief of the Journal of Paleolimnology for o(er a decade and ser(ing as co>editor>in>chief of the "e#elo$ments in Paleoen#ironmental Research book series

Tamara el!cho

for promotion of palaeolimnology throughout the world through publishing and for

support of students through long>term commitment to the award of book pri@es at oursymposia

Eric Grimm

for writing and de(eloping the 0L1 diagram>plotting software& caring for users andoffering them ad(ice and unstinting help for many years

!!


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S/$!/ lenary Session 1bstracts

#rof Ric. -aarbee %n#ironmental !hange Research !entre, &!'

#L& 0 #alaeolimnology in he U1: #ioneering day!

alaeolimnology in the UK has a relati(ely long history& inspired by -.;. earsall& one of thefounders of the %reshwater *iological 1ssociation 7%*18. 0he first sediment core was taken by3lifford =ortimer in !",4 but the real pioneers were -inifred ennington and )ohn =ackereth.0he rest is historyF

!,


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2r 3arie Elodie #erga Al$ine !entre for Research on (ro$hic )et*orks and 'ake %cosystems +)RA

#L$ 0 Gliding from limnology o 'aleolimnology o !udy he eco!y!em0wide con!e4uence! of

human 're!!ure! on la.e food web!Studies co(ering long>term climatic (ariability ha(e shown that the similar climate change can leadto completely opposite conse?uences on lake ecological status& depending on its location andmorphological characteristics. 5ur knowledge of climate influences on lake ecology is thenconsiderably hampered by the comple


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#rofe!!or Tom ohn!on 'arge 'akes -bser#atory, &ni#ersity of Minnesota, "uluth

#L5 0 &6$ 3illion 7ear 8i!ory of Rainfall and Tem'eraure from Tro'ical Ea! frica:Challenge! and Reward! from he La.e 3alawi 2rilling #ro9ec

0he Lake =alawi 6rilling ro+ect obtained cores from the central and north basins of the lake in/$$2. 6rilling operations at the central basin Site !& located at !!I S latitude in :$$ m water depth&reco(ered nearly continuous core to a depth of ,#J meters below lake floor& representing the past!./ million years of en(ironmental history.

Se(eral papers ha(e been published on results from ;ole !3& representing the upper "$ m ofsediment& co(ering the past !2$&$$$ years. 0he age model for the deeper portion of the drill sitehas undergone se(eral iterations o(er the past few years& and is now settling down& thanks to an1r1r date on a "/! ky tephra that confirmed the identification of subtle& paleomagnetic re(ersalsthat are based solely on inclination from this low latitude site. 0he long records display strong

signals of shifting lake le(el and temperature& which are comple< and somewhat disappointing inthat they do not mimic iconic records of global climate change echain n>alkanes deri(ed from terrigenous plant leaf wa


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#rofe!!or ohn nder!on2e'armen of Geogra'hy, Loughborough Univer!iy

#L 0 La.e! and he erre!rial carbon cycle: 'alaeolimnological 'er!'ecive!

Lakes are now considered to be an important part of the terrestrial carbon cycle. 0hey release largeamounts of 35/ into the atmosphere as the result of the input of catchment deri(ed 3& mainly as653& but also bury substantial amounts of organic 3 in their sediments. %rom a palaeolimnological

perspecti(e& the organic 3 content of lake sediment 7or the organic matter content or theiraccumulation rates8 is a fundamental measurement that is determined at the start of all studies and is

primarily interpreted in terms of changing a?uatic producti(ity. 0his interpretation is& of course& ano(er>simplificationH depending on location& a large fraction of the organic content of lake sedimentmay be terrestrial in origin while biogeochemists see organic 3 profiles in sediments primarily as areflection of minerali@ation and decomposition processes. n this presentation will e(aluate thesecontrasting approaches to the abundance of organic matter in lake sediments before assessingregional (ariability in 3>burial rates and their wider significance.

roblemsH %rom a palaeolimnologic perspecti(e there are a number of problems and limitationswith e(aluating the organic content of lake sediment ?uantitati(ely& most notably that of (ariable

preser(ation& within>lake spatial (ariability and sediment focussing as well as the key ?uestion ofhow to approach regional upscalingQ

3arbon burial ratesH it has been estimated that global mean burial rates are in the range J!2 g 3 m /

yr ! but palaeolimnological data suggest that burial rates can reach ,$$ g 3 m / yr !& but are thereany systematic regional differences and how ha(e these burial rates changed in relation todisturbance regimesQ will eburial ratesH are we able to make large scale generali@ations about the factors thatcontrol carbon accumulation in lakesQ will eco(er change 7particularly in the tropics8& climateforcing 7warming8 and stimulation of producti(ity in remote lakes by reacti(e nitrogen deposition.

3arbocentric palaeolimnology a?uatic carbon burial at the landscape scaleHlake sediments arelong>term stores of organic carbon and can effecti(ely remo(e 3 from the contemporary 3>cycle. tis unclear how this contribution to the terrestrial 3>cycle will e(ol(e as land>co(er changes due to

both natural climate forcing and anthropogenic land>use. %inally& will illustrate how palaeolimnological studies of carbon burial rates in lakes can ha(e considerable rele(ance tocontemporary carbon budgets.

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Session $! 1bstracts > sotopes T *iogenic Silica

Se!!ion %& 0 "!oo'e! and biogenic!ilica: under!anding la.e !edimenarchive!

S%&01; dvance! in he u!e of "!oo'e! in-iogenic Silica in 'alaeolimnology

Leng& =.).

6epartment of Geology& Uni(ersity of Leicester& UK and

E9R3 sotope Geosciences Laboratory& *ritish

Geological Sur(ey& UK

0he use of o!$$& *uilding 6& !//J" *erlin& Germany

Understanding past en(ironments pro(idesfundamental information on ecosystem functioningduring a warmer world. 5ur knowledge of rapidclimate change e(ents during pre(ious interglacialsis poor because of the paucity of highly resol(ed

records. 0he primary aim of this study was todetermine climate instability during the lastinterglacial in central 1sia using diatom M!#57M!#5diatom8 analyses of Lake *aikal sediments.

M!#5diatom (alues gradually declined from the onset of=S 2e 7!/4.2 kyr *8 to their lowest le(el of V/".$W at !!".4 kyr *. ;owe(er& superimposed uponthis trend were se(eral marked fluctuations inM!#5diatom (alues& with a pacing between minima ofappro!/: kyr * is concurrentwith a small but distinct increase in R6 associatedwith the final stages of ;einrich !!. 0he minimumin M!#5diatom (alues between !/$.2 and !!".4 kyr* occurred at the same time as depressed diatom producti(ity in Lake *aikal. 0his e(ent has beenobser(ed elsewhere in many other records& including9uropean lakes and 3hinese loess.

5ur data clearly demonstrate that Lake *aikal

hydrological (ariability was significantly morestable during the last interglacial than the ;olocene.9(idence of an earlier abrupt e(ent during =S !! isalso apparent. 0hese e(ents are in close concordancewith (ariation in 1tlantic =eridional 5cean3irculation& highlighting that hydrological(ariability in Lake *aikal is influenced by remotechanges in the Eorth 1tlantic (ia teleconnection processes.

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S%&0%$ &ygen i!oo'erecord from he Souh Car'ahian! (Romania):reflecion of winer condiion! and 'o!!ible lin.!wih ;orh lanic circulaion change!

!=agyari& 9.K.& /*uc@kY& K.& ,6emCny& 1.& JKern&Z.& 2ennemann& 0.& ,%Yri@s& .& !inc@e& .

!;ungarian 1cademy of Sciences ;ungarian Eatural

;istory =useum 9[t([s LYr\nd Uni(ersity& Research

Group for alaeontology& !J4: *udapest& . 5. *o< ///&

;ungary /;ungarian Eatural ;istory =useum&

6epartment of *otany& !J4: *udapest& .5. *o< ///&

;ungary ,nstitute for Geochemical Research& ;ungarian

1cademy of Sciences& !!!/ *udapest& *uda[rsi ]t J2&

;ungary J6i(ision of 3limate and 9n(ironmental

hysics& Uni(ersity of *ern& Sidlerstrasse 2& 3;>,$!/&

*ern& Swit@erland 2Uni(ersity of Lausanne& nstitute of

=ineralogy and Geochemistry 1nthropole& 3;>!$!2

Lausanne& Swit@erland

-e pro(ide in this study a continuous lateglacial and;olocene record of diatom silica oflow& shallow&high>altitude lake with a surface area of only $.J ha

has short water residence time and is predominantlyfed by snowmelt and rainwater. -e suggest that itsM!#5610 record principally reflects the o


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forming a freshwater lid on the lake at the time of peak diatom growth& and mi


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contemporary benthic lacustrine diatoms e9uropean array of lake surfacesediments that will help determine the potential ofutilising M!,3diatom eli(ed yet e


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se?uence of permanent pools through time. 5urinterpretations are supported by three years ofseasonal sampling of surface and groundwater7including measurements taken following tropical

3yclone ;eidi& )an /$!/8& which show great(ariation in water chemistry and isotopic contentthat reflect rainfall patterns.

S%&0#0%$ />ygen i!oo'e! in chironomid headca'!ule!

!Lombino& 1.& !)ones& .& !;olmes& ).& ! 1tkinson& 0.&/*rooks& S.

!6epartment of Geography& U3L /9ntomology

6epartment& E;=

n recent years the remains of chironomid lar(aeha(e been in(estigated as a potential new pro


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S%&0#0%5 recon!rucion of climae hi!ory ahigh re!oluion u!ing C and ; i!oo'e!,;orhwe! Terriorie!, Canada

!Griffith& %.& !3lark& .& /atterson& 0.& /=acumber& 1.&/6alton& 1.& ,3rann& 3.& ,0rainor& .& JGalloway& ).&2%alck& ;.

!Uni(ersity of 5ttawa& 6ept. of 9arth Sciences& 5ttawa&

5ntario& 3anada /3arleton Uni(ersity& 6ept. of 9arth

Sciences& 5ttawa& 5ntario& 3anada ,Dueen’s Uni(ersity&

School of Geology& 1rchaeology and alaeoecology&

*elfast& Eorthern reland JGeological Sur(ey of 3anada&

3algary& 1lberta& 3anada 2 Eorthwest 0erritories

Geoscience 5ffice& Aellowknife& Eorthwest 0erritories

0he 0ibbitt>to>3ontwoyto -inter Road 703-R8 isthe sole o(erland route ser(icing diamond minesnorth of Aellowknife& Eorthwest 0erritories 7E-08&3anada. ;owe(er& as this road is only operationalduring winter& the length of its season is stronglyinfluenced by climate. 0his was escalestudy designed to de(elop a comprehensi(e databaseof high>resolution paleoclimate data for the E-0&using a (ariety of promm inter(als using acustom>designed sledge microtome. *ulk !,3 and!2 E isotope analysis was completed at preliminary !>cm inter(als through the cores of two lakes on

opposite sides of the tree line. Results from thisanalysis show clear trends with distinct transitions in both cores occurring at around 4&$$$& 2&$$$& and!&$$$ *. 0he closely>matched timing of thetransitions in these cores suggests that they areregional>scale climate e(ents.

1dditionally& time>series analysis will determineshort>term climate cycles on three sections of6anny’s Lake core in which higher>resolution 7up to/ mm8 analysis was completed. 1 transfer function is

also under de(elopment& which will compare

isotopic compositions and en(ironmental propertiesfrom numerous lakes in order to ?uantitati(elydelineate those properties which affect isotopic(ariations.

S%&0#0% Silicon i!oo'e record! of recenchange and anhro'ogenic 'olluion from La.e-ai.al, Siberia

!ani@@o& .E.& !Swann& G.9.1.& /=ackay& 1.-.&!=cGowan& S.& ,;ortswood& =.& ,&JLeng& =.).

!School of Geography& Uni(ersity of Eottingham&

Uni(ersity ark& Eottingham& EG4 /R6& UK/9n(ironmental 3hange Research 3entre& 6epartment of

Geography& Uni(ersity 3ollege London& earson*uilding& Gower Street& London& -3!9 :*0& UK, E9R3 sotope Geosciences Laboratory& *ritish

Geological Sur(ey& Keyworth& Eottingham& EG!/ 2GG&

UK JUni(ersity of Leicester& 6epartment of Geology&

Uni(ersity Road& Leicester& L9! 4R;& UK

Recent years ha(e seen the rapid increase in the useof silicon isotopes in en(ironmental research. 0hema+ority of studies& howe(er& ha(e centred onmarine& terrestrial and ri(erine systems. %ew to date

ha(e in(estigated the use of this pro


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this pro+ect will place recent data into an historicalconte3enter and 6ept.

of 9arth and 9n(ironmental Sciences& Uni(ersity of

=unich& 6>#$,,, =unich& Germany JG955L1R&

nstitute of Geography& Uni(ersity of *remen& 6>/#,2"

*remen& Germany 21S165 science team

httpHwww.icdp>online.orgfrontcontent.phpQidcat!J"J

3arbon and o


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Glacial and early ;olocene ha(e generally highero:W in yraulus

albus and 'ymnaea auricularia to ca. "W in Physa fontinalis.

%rom the study it emerges that stable odependent differences in M!,3 in shells of particular species samples should be monospecific.

S%&0#0% re i!oo'e !ignaure! of charo'hyecarbonae! a good ool for 'alaeorecon!rucion!B

!1polinarska& K.& /eechaty& =.& ,ukac@& 1.

!nstitute of Geology& %aculty of Geographical and

Geological Sciences& 1dam =ickiewic@ Uni(ersity&

o@na& oland /6epartment of ;ydrobiology& %aculty of

*iology& 1dam =ickiewic@ Uni(ersity& o@na& oland,3ollegium olonicum& 1dam =ickiewic@ Uni(ersity&

Subice& oland

hotosynthetic acti(ity of charophytes 73haraceae&macroalgae8 leads to precipitation of autochthonouscarbonates& that may substantially contribute tolacustrine sedimentation. n the sedimentscharophytes may be preser(ed as remains of thalliencrustations and calcified female gametangia calledgyrogonites. 0he oldest charophyte fossils are UpperSilurian in age thus these macroalgae are a potentialarchi(e of palaeon(ironmental information back tothe middle alaeo@oic. *oth gyrogonites andencrustations are fre?uently used in isotope

in(estigations. ;owe(er& in order to carry outcorrect& reliable palaeolimnological reconstructionsusing stable isotope record of the charophytecarbonates it is essential to know the relation between M!,3 and M!#5 of recent encrustations andgyrogonites and M!,3 of 63 7dissol(ed inorganiccarbon8 and M!#5 of ambient water& respecti(ely.

0his issue was undertaken in in(estigation of fi(echarophyte species deri(ed from four olish lakes.Samples of charophytes and water from abo(e the

plants were collected at permanent study sites

/#


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monthly since the beginning of charophyte growingseason up to the time when first signs ofdecomposition were noted.

5ur in(estigations re(ealed that !hara carbonateswere isotopically hea(ier than M!,3 of 63 andlighter than M!#5 of water& both resulting fromintense photosynthetic acti(ity of the algae. !,3enrichment is a conse?uence of !/3 utili@ation by!hara and !#5 depletion results from rapidcalcification. 6espite the differences obser(ed& theresults obtained indicate the presence of correlation between M!,3 and M!#5 of !hara carbonates and M!,363 and M!#5 of water& respecti(ely& making them a potential tool for palaeoreconstructions.

S%&0#0&% A&D/ record of 8olocene fre!hwaerufa !ecion from Fnu Sini9rv H aniner'reaion of 'alaeoclimae change!

!Laumets& L.& !Kalm& .& !&/oska& 1.& ,Kele& S.&!Lasberg& K.& !1mon& L.

!nstitute of 9cology and 9arth Sciences& Uni(ersity of

0artu& 9stonia /nstitute of Geology& 0allinn Uni(ersity of

0echnology& 9stonia ,nstitute for Geological and

Geochemical Research& Research 3entre for 1stronomyand 9arth Sciences& ;ungarian 1cademy of Sciences&

;ungary

Lacustrine carbonates are important achie(es ofclimatic and en(ironmental change for stable isotopeand palaeoclimate studies. -e in(estigated !,&2"$cal yr * old and ,.42>m>long lacustrine sedimentrecord of Lake ntu Sini+jr(& northern 9stonia. 0hislake was chosen for study& because this is the onlysite in the region where freshwater tufa precipitation

is still taking place. 0he most detailed 7/!" samples8isotopically studied tufa section in 9stonia aresupported by 1=S !J3 dates& palaeobotany and L5analysis. *ased on the age>depth model& tufa precipitation at the site started ca. !!$$ cal yr *.0hat is ca. !$$$ years later than suggested pre(iously.

5scale fluctuation between !/.:W and !$./W the mean (alue of the tufa

isotope cur(e is !!.!W& which correlates well with

the a(erage groundwater M!#5 composition of9stonia.

ostglacial warming is detectable from isotopecomposition 7rising (alues from !/.JW to !$.:W between !/&$$$ and !$&4$$ cal yr *8 and itcorrelates ?uite well with low water>le(el andreflects warmer climate conditions in the region.0here is a decrease in isotope composition since!$&4$$ till "&/$$ cal yr * 7from !$.:W to !!.2W8& which most probably indicates the O"&,$$yrP cold e(ent. %rom "&/$$ till ,&2$$ cal yr *isotope (alues remain constant 7a(erage !!.!W8.0his 2&4$$>year long& relati(ely stable periodsuggests a local ;0=& which is followed by an

e(ident cooling trend in M!#5 (alues& which decreasedown to !/.4W by "$$ cal yr *.

/"


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,$


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Session $/ 1bstracts 1pplied aleolimnology

Se!!ion %$ 0 ''lied 'alaeolimnology

S%$01; The a''licaion of 'alaeolimnology o

evidence0ba!ed la.e con!ervaion andmanagemen

!Sayer& 3.& !*ennion& ;.& !&/6a(idson& 0.& !*urgess&1.& !3larke& G.& !Salgado& ).& !;oare& 6.& !-iik& 9.&!%rings& .& !9mson& 6.&!Rawcliffe& R.

!9n(ironmental 3hange Research 3entre& Uni(ersity

3ollege London& UK /nstitute for *ioscience& E9R&

1arhus Uni(ersity& 6enmark

0o help meet the re?uirements of water legislation&

palaeolimnology has been widely used to establishPreference conditionsP and restoration targets forlakes. ;owe(er& its potential for assessing thenecessity and appropriateness of different lakemanagement acti(ities has been less publicised. -ithreference to selected case studies deri(ed from UKlakes& we illustrate the key applied role of palaeolimnology when it comes to decisionsregarding biomanipulation& the need for nutrientreduction and catchment management& sedimentremo(al and fish managementstocking. -here

possible management responses to ourrecommendations are outlined including any ma+oroutcomes. 1ll case studies illustrate the ad(antages&in terms of lake management and conser(ationdecision>making& of placing current lake ecologicalconditions in the conteterm change.

S%$0%& The energy0ma!! (Em) flu> framewor.:n inegraive a''roach o 4uanify effec! ofclimae, human! and bioa on la.e!

!Lea(itt& .R.&!*unting& L.&/=athie& 9.& ,Schinder&6.9.&J3hapman 3onference 3limate ntegratorSynthesis Group

!Limnology Laboratory& 6ept. *iology& Uni(ersity of

Regina& Regina& SK& 3anada /6epartment of hysics&

Uni(ersity of Regina& Regina& SK& 3anada ,School of

1?uatic and %ishery Sciences& Uni(ersity of -ashington&

Seattle& -1& US1 Jsee Limnology and 5ceanography&

/$$"& 2J 7:& pt /8H /,,$.

0he energy>mass 79m8 flu< framework proposes that

climate& humans and other biota regulate lakeecosystems by altering the influ< of energy 798 andmass 7m8 through di(erse direct and indirect pathways. n this (iew& lakes are open ecosystems

that retain 9 and m by production of particles thatare deposited as sediments& ha(e limited capabilityof accessing se?uestered materials& and aredependant on a continuous influ< of 9 and m fromthe ectosystem& the region surrounding the lake.hysical models of the en(ironmental forcing oflakes re(eal that neither 9 nor m pathways areintrinsically paramount& and instead predict that themagnitude of effect of indi(idual inputs depends onthe ratio of influ< to lake content. 0his hypothesiswas tested by ?uantifying changes in whole>lake production arising from reciprocal transfer of fish biomass 7no net change in influ


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analysis and compared to allochthonous inputs suchas organic matter& nutrients and metals. n Lake=attamuskeet& Eorth 3arolina& US1 7!:/ km/& meandepth ! m8& phosphorus dynamics and

cyanobacterial presence were used to alter theconstruction of a roadway across the lake. n the%lorida 9(erglades wetland system 7!22/$ km/&mean depth ! m8& marl algal mats and sediment phosphorus concentrations pro(ided e(idence for predicting the occurrence of unwanted (y$ha sp.throughout the large wetland. n Lake Seminole&Georgia& US1 7!2/ km/& mean depth , m8& paleolimnological research showed the need tomonitor filamentous benthic cyanobacteria inaddition to managing for esystem processes rather thanone or two organisms.

S%$0%< Trac.ing change! in he LaurenianGrea La.e! H new diaom0ba!ed ool! forrero!'ecive analy!e!

Rea(ie& 9.6.& 1llinger& L.9.

Eatural Resources Research nstitute& Uni(ersity of

=innesota 6uluth& 9ly& =E US1

6ramatic en(ironmental changes ha(e been taking place for /$$ years in the Laurentian Great Lakes.=onitoring and paleolimnological in(estigationsre(eal a comple< history of en(ironmentaldegradation and& sometimes& remediation. 0hecornerstone of many of these in(estigations has beenthe use of diatoms known powerful indicators ofen(ironmental change. 0hese long>term data areneeded to distinguish natural from human trends andto re(eal the causes and magnitudes ofen(ironmental insults. -hile (aluable& contemporarymonitoring has not been sufficient to answer GreatLakes management ?uestions regarding climatechange& pollution and in(asi(e species. n addition toa new& comprehensi(e paleolimnological study ofthe Great Lakes& we ha(e compiled all a(ailablehistorical data from algal monitoring and

paleoecological programs to describe the detailed

history of pelagic condition in the lakes in thecontespecific diatom assemblagesfrom se(eral periods 7i.e.& pre>!#2$& !"$$>!"2$&

!":$s& !"4$>!""$& !""$s& post>/$$$ years8. 1s new paleolimnological data are ac?uired& we will refineour understanding of the lake en(ironmentalhistories. %urther& we are de(eloping a tool that canrelate each year’s pelagic diatom collections to theselake>specific baselines in order to track the tra+ectoryof each lake’s condition. %or instance& a tra+ectory ofdegradation could be if diatom assemblages in Lake9rie are becoming more similar to assemblagesobser(ed from the !":$s. 0hese new indicators and paleoecological applications will ser(e to addressthe myriad en(ironmental issues that re?uire long>term data in order to make critical remedialdecisions.

S%$0%5 !!e!!ing degradaion and recovery'ahway! in la.e! im'aced by euro'hicaion

*ennion& ;.& Simpson& G.& Goldsmith& *.

9n(ironmental 3hange Research 3entre& Uni(ersity

3ollege London& UK 9fforts to restore enriched lakes ha(e increased yetthere remains considerable uncertainty aboutwhether restoration targets can be achie(ed and o(erwhat timescales one might e


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remaining deep lakes& alternati(e nutrient sourceswould seem to eenrichmentsamples in all sites.

*y assessing ecological change o(er a centennial todecadal timescale& the study highlights the importantrole of paleolimnology in establishing a benchmarkagainst which managers can e(aluate the degree to

which their restoration efforts are successful.

S%$0% U!ing local and regional'aleolimnological !udie! o under!andbiological recovery from acidificaion in hedirondac.! (;7, US) in he cone> of muli'le!re!!or!

!1rseneau& K. =. 1.& /6riscoll& 3. 0.& ,3umming& *.%.

!aleoecological 9n(ironmental 1ssessment and ResearchLaboratory& 6ept. of *iology& Dueen’s Uni(ersity&

Kingston& 5E& 3anada /6epartment of 3i(il and

9n(ironmental 9ngineering& Syracuse Uni(ersity&

Syracuse& EA& US1 ,aleoecological 9n(ironmental

1ssessment and Research Laboratory& 6ept. of *iology&

Dueen’s Uni(ersity& Kingston& 5E& 3anada

0he 1dirondack ark 7EA& US18 contains more protected lakes than any other region in thecontinental United States. 6espite little industrial

de(elopment in the ark& many 1dirondack lakesacidified during the /$th century. Since theimplementation of the !""$ 3lean 1ir 1ct1mendments& some lakes ha(e begun to chemicallyreco(er from acidification. ;owe(er& they continueto be eimpacted1dirondack lakes and ii8 pro(ides a regional

perspecti(e on recent species changes. -hile modest biological reco(ery was identified in chemicallyreco(ering lakes 7i.e. declines in acid>tolerant taacidification state. 1 regional paleolimnologicalstudy was undertaken to conteacidification state& e(en with full chemical reco(ery.0his study illustrates how pairing detailed paleolimnological studies of impacted lakes with broader regional sur(eys allows researchers todefine reasonable reco(ery targets& a policyimperati(e as lakes worldwide continue to beincreasingly influenced by multiple stressors.

S%$0%= La.e re!'on!e o anhro'ogenic im'ac:

com'ari!on of muli0'ro>y !edimen record andhi!orical evidence

!=ikomjgi& 1.& !=ar@eco(a& 1.& !uusepp& 9.&/=artma& 0.

!nstitute of 9cology& 0allinn Uni(ersity& 9stonia/nstitute of Geology& 0allinn Uni(ersity of 0echnology&

9stonia

Rapid anthropogenic eutrophication in lakes raisesconcerns about lake ecosystem tolerance capacityand ability to reco(er. 6uring the last decades&restoration programmes ha(e been initiated toimpro(e lake ecosystems and re>establish theirnatural conditions. n this study we used /$$>yeardataset to describe /$th century anthropogenicimpact on small& highly trophic Lake ere(i. Seriesof paleolimnological pro


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urbani@ation on the lake shores which started around!"$$. Simultaneous increase in erosion suggests thatland>use around the lake on>going earlier and hadclear effect on lake producti(ity. Second increase in

algal production occurred around !":$s and it wasconnected with intensified sewage>contamination.1lbeit& it didn’t remarkably influence the 3ladocera population& pigments showed increase incyanobacteria and sediment became enriched inauthigenic carbonates. n !"#$s& edisturbance condition is poorly defined. 0o fill this knowledge gap& a multi> proyear limnological monitoring programme& wasundertaken at 3unswick 0arn 7UK8& a small& fishlesseutrophic kettlehole lake. 0he study aimed to

,J


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characterise the centennial>scale eutrophicationresponse of a?uatic macrophyte& microalgal andin(ertebrate communities. 9utrophication>relatedchanges in biological structure were rapid and

dramatic. Species succession closely reflectschanges in core carbonate concentrationH increaseo(er roughly a decade 7post>!"$J8 is associated withan increase in charophytes and plant>associatedcladocerans. 6ecrease upcore 7post>!"/$s8 isassociated with an increase in floating>lea(edmacrophytes and pelagic cladocerans that continuesthrough to the core top where cyanobacteria and planktonic diatoms become more pre(alent.9utrophication in(ol(ed a decline in macrophytespecies richness 7presently , submerged species8 anda complete loss of charophytes& mirroringestablished patterns in(ol(ing macrophyte responsesto nutrient a(ailability and light penetration. 0his pattern is not reproduced by fossil diatoms andcladocerans& with di(ersity 7species number&Shannon indecomplete collapse of their characteristicecology is possible with moderate le(els of nutrientenrichment.

S%$0% Conra!ing he effec! of muli'le!re!!or! on Cladocera a!!emblage! from !hallowand dee' la.e! from /nario (Canada)

!

=osscrop& L.9.&/

6eSellas& 1.=.&!

Kurek& ).&/aterson& 1.=.& ,-eeber& R.3.& !Smol& )..

!91RL& Dueen’s Uni(ersity& Kingston 5E 3anada/5ntario =inistry of the 9n(ironment& 6orset

9n(ironmental Science 3entre& 6orset 5E 3anada,9n(ironment 3anada& 3anadian -ildlife Ser(ices&

5ttawa 5E 3anada

%ossil cladoceran remains preser(ed in sedimentsamples from ,$ shallow oligotrophic lakes in south>central 5ntario were eindustrial times. 1dditionally& relationships between present>day assemblages and key

en(ironmental (ariables were in(estigated usingredundancy analysis& which identified that only lakearea was a significant 7p$.$!8 predictor ofassemblage composition in the shallow lakes. 1n1E5S= was insignificant 7p$.#8& indicating thatmodern assemblages from shallow lakes are notlargely different from those of pre>industrial times. Eot surprisingly& little change in relati(e abundancesof select species was also detected using !H! plots. nsummary& shallow lakes maintained relati(ely stablecladoceran assemblages& in spite of being sub+ectedto multiple stressors& such as acidification& calciumdecline& and climate change. 5ur results showstriking differences from those of larger& deeperlakes in the same region& sub+ected to similaren(ironmental stressors& where marked changes incladocerans occur in both time and space. 0herelati(e stability of these in(ertebrate assemblagessuggests that shallow lakes may be more resistant toecological change in temperate regions& similar tofindings recorded in algal indicators from shallow

lakes.

S%$0&%


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hypobenthicfauna from microwded fish population& while inLake jli+jr(i fish occurred in much lowerabundance.

n Lake Kuuts+jr(i the change in the abundance of3ladoceran @ooplankton was clearly related to thetiming of the fish introduction& while in nearbyfishless reference lake the abundance of 3ladoceran@ooplankton remained constant. 1lso the diatomassemblage of Lake Kuuts+jr(i reacted to the fishintroduction by distinct decrease of the planktonicspecies Aulacoseira subarctica and the concomitantincrease of /ragilaria $innata. 1lthough analyses ofremains of in(ertebrates 7chaoboridae&

chironomidae& gammaridae8 are still under way& wecan say that the fish ha(e had a strong impact on thefood web structure and the nati(e species. 0heseresults gi(e us confidence that it could be possible todisentangle the sings of different en(ironmental pressures in the sediment records.

S%$0#0%$ Jarved Sedimen! in /nondaga La.e(;7, US): year by year record hroughou he&h and $%h cenurie!

!3harles& 6.%.& /Rowell& ;.3.& ,*opp& R.& Jeng& %.&!elinsky& 6.).& 2;assett& )..& /*loomfield& ).1.

!1cademy of Eatural Sciences of 6relong sediment core taken from one of theworld’s most polluted lakes& 5nondaga Lake&Syracuse& EA. aired dark and light laminae& from$., to !.$ cm thick& correspond to !,43s hori@ons for!"2J& !"2"& and !":,& and to dated industrial impacte(ents in(ol(ing phosphorus& 1;s& calciumcarbonate& mercury& lead& and other metals. Lightlaminae are carbonate>rich and contain white sub>laminae formed by calcite crystal precipitation in thelake 7whiting e(ents8 during summer calcium

,:


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carbonate super>saturation. 0he dark laminae ha(ehigher relati(e abundance of allochthonous clayminerals and represent fall through springdeposition. 3hanges in (ar(e appearance and shifts

in the Sr3a ratio can be used to di(ide the sedimentcolumn into ten units& indicati(e of interplay between hea(y in>lake production of calciumcarbonate during post>!"$$ lake hypereutrophy andthe more OnormalP influence of watershed runoffduring the less producti(e !#$$s and /$$$s& thelatter as the lake has reco(ered to borderlinemesotrophy.

ar(e stratigraphy is the basis for a historical water?uality analysis of 5nondaga Lake. 0he results of

diatom and chironomid inference models for total phosphorus and dissol(ed o!#$$ 5nondaga Lakee


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accurately in the sediment trap and the (ar(edsediment.

nitial analyses show a diatom assemblagedominated by Asterionella formosa& (abellaria

flocculosa and /ragilaria taresolution

,#


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screening purposes. 0he %1S measurements alsore(ealed a ?ualitati(e and ?uantitati(e shift in thesedimentary organic matter already in the mid>!#$$s& which was not e


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important ?uestions in the management ofen(ironmental conditions. So& a new effort to collectand analy@e sediment cores for the Great Lakes has been initiated. 6iatom>based algal indicators& which

are especially suited to paleolimnology& areanticipated to ser(e in addressing the issues thatre?uire long>term data in order to make criticalremedial decisions in the Great Lakes.

S%$0#0% #aleolimnological a!!e!!men! ofreference condiion! and biological inegriyu!ing benhic animal!: a ca!e !udy from La.eTiiln9rvi (!.ola, *inland)

Luoto& 0..& 5+ala& 1.9.K.6epartment of Geosciences and Geography& Uni(ersity of

;elsinki& %inland

n this study& we aim to demonstrate the (alue offossil animal remains in assessments oflimnoecological reference conditions. 0he case studysite& clay>turbid Lake 0iiljjn+jr(i in 1skola&southern %inland& suffers from hypereutrophicconditions and late>winter and end>of>summeranomesotrophic to eutrophiccommunity that finally reached hypereutrophicclima< community. 0he reference state wascharacteri@ed by stable ecological conditions& but the biological integrity was completely lost in the upper part of the sediment profile. 0he number of taturbid lakes in southern %inland& and asubse?uent increase to eutrophic conditions& withhypereutrophic state reached at the top of the core.0his de(elopment corresponds with theinstrumentally monitored de(elopment since !"4#&

although the sediment chronology remains to be

ade?uately established. 0he results support thetheory that fossil remains of in(ertebrates pro(ide auseful tool for assessments of lake referenceconditions and biological integrity. 0herefore& it can

be recommended that the paleolimnologicalapproach and the application of benthic in(ertebrateremains should be put to better use in local andregional lake management for determining baselineconditions.

S%$0#0&% Trac.ing he effecivene!! oflanhanum0!auraed benonie clay a! amanagemen !raegy for increa!ed nurien! ina4uaic !y!em!: an a''lied 'aleolimnological

a''roach!=oos& =.0.& /0affs& K.;.& !Ginn& *.K.

!Lake Simcoe Region 3onser(ation 1uthority&

Eewmarket& 5E& 3anada /Southern 3ross Uni(ersity&

Lismore& ES-& 1ustralia

Lake Simcoe& the largest 74// km/8 inland lake insouthern 5ntario& 3anada& has been detrimentallyaffected by increased nutrient inputs resulting fromanthropogenic acti(ities. n addition to increases in

a?uatic plant biomass and algal blooms& decreases indeep>water osaturated&modified bentonite clay 7brand name hoslock0=8to remo(e from the water column was in(estigatedat three storm water pond test sites in the LakeSimcoe watershed. -hile short>term 7!J days8en(ironmental monitoring is re?uired during thetesting and application of hoslock0=& there ha(e been no studies which in(estigate the long>term7month to year8 conse?uences and efficacy of this product in remediating >enriched& 3anadiantemperate>region lakes. Using a paleolimnologicalapproach& this study will enable the assessment oflong>term en(ironmental changes in these stormwater ponds& account for long>term natural (ariation&and compare changes in concentration and algal

assemblages before and after hoslock0=

J$


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application. reliminary results suggest hoslock0=does reduce loading in these systems howe(er& theeffects can be short>li(ed in water bodies with lowwater residence times.

S%$0#0&& />ygen and carbon i!oo'e record ofhe Eemian "nerglacial (3"S e) in #oland ba!edon la.e carbonae!

=irosaw>Grabowska& ).

nstitute of Geological Sciences& olish 1cademy of

Sciences& ul. 0warda 2!22& $$>#!# -arsaw& oland

0he results of otermen(ironmental (ariability. n contrast& the shallow basin 7#! m8 is strongly affected by human acti(itiesand is for this reason more suitable for studying lakeeutrophication. 1 consistent monitoring programwas started in the early !""$s. *efore that& onlysporadic limnological measurements are a(ailable.Lake sediment records pro(ide a complementarysource of information to e


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S%$0#0&< 3uli0'ro>y 'aleolimnologicalanaly!e! 'rovide evidence of early 8olocenearidiy in he 3idwe!ern Unied Sae!

!orinchu& 6.%.& /otito& 1.& ,Soltes@& .& J*eilman& 6.&/*rady& .

!Uni(ersity of Georgia& Geography / Eational Uni(ersity

reland Galway& Geography ,0he 5hio State Uni(ersity&

Eatural Resources JUni(ersity of ;awaii& Geography

0his study focuses on de(eloping& well>constrained&high>resolution records of hydroclimatology for the=idwestern U.S. during the mid>;olocene.1lthough the mid>;olocene is an imperfectanalogue of future conditions& impro(ing our

understanding of =idwestern U.S. climateconditions during this inter(al will pro(ide (aluableinsight to the possible nature of future conditionsand the potential feedbacks that may be important infuture warm climate scenarios. =ulti>profossil midges. 0ransects of surfacesamples were also collected at each lake to help withthe downcore interpretation of L5& 3HE and midgeassemblages. 0he results of this study identified thee


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S%$0#0& 'aleolimnological record of $%%year! of human influence on /nondaga La.e,US: chironomid inference! of hy'olimneico>ygen

!Duinlan& R.& /9nache& =.& ,Smith& 1.

!Duinlan Lab& 6epartment of *iology& Aork Uni(ersity&

0oronto& 5E& =,) !,& 3anada /6epartment of *iology&

aleoecological 9n(ironmental 1ssessment and Research

Laboratory 791RL8& Dueen’s Uni(ersity& Kingston& 5E&

K4L ,E:& 3anada ,6epartment of Geology& //! =cGil>

(rey ;all& Kent State Uni(ersity& Kent& 5; JJ/J/ US1

5nondaga Lake& located in Eew Aork State in thenortheastern US1& has been described as the nation’s

most polluted lake. 5nondaga Lake has been settled by 9uropeans since the colonial era& and substantialhuman acti(ity was already underway by the !4"$s&in(ol(ing mining of salt brines from natural springs&and the watershed was hea(ily industriali@ed by thelate !"th century as the 3ity of Syracuse e


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S%$0#0& 8ow o re!ore he euro'hic andano>ic La.e 3uIIanoB fir! 'aleo0'er!'ecivein a Swi!! La.e

! Laroc?ue>0obler& .& /5K5S /$$$ team& ,Rabes&S..

!LimnoaleoSer(& 6reihubelweg :#& ,/2$ Lyss&

Swit@erland /nstitute of Geography& Uni(ersity of *ern&

Swit@erland ,1lberto 3onelli &5ikos/$$$& ia er

u@@etascia /& :2!, =onte 3arasso& Swit@erlandJ6epartemento de 9cologia 3ontinental& 391*& !J.

*lanes. Girona. 9>!4,$$& Spain

Lake =u@@ano 7J22"2$E #22J!9& ,,4 m a.s.l.8is a shallow 7,./ m8& ano and paleo>limnology are being used. =onthlymeasurements of flow and phosphorus input inaffluants& re>suspension of phosphorus from the

sediment& physico>chemical parameters in theaffluants and in the lake and diatoms& chironomidsand L5 in a JJ>cm core for the past ,$$ years todefine the baseline conditions are being made.*erilium>4 was measured at three times in thesediment to determine if the sediment in the trapswas recent material& or resuspended from the bottomsediment. Results will be presented and input fromcolleagues would be of high importance for thecontinuation of this pro+ect.

JJ


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Session $, 1bstracts 6ecadal to =illennial Scale Records of ollution

Se!!ion %< 0 Lur.ing beneah he!urface: decadal o millennial !calerecord! of environmenal 'olluion

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which first appear in the historical record 16 !2/2&yielded radiocarbon dates mostly in the historical period from the !:th to !"th centuries& but also pro(ided indication of mining acti(ities already in

the !Jth century. n collaboration with this work& weanaly@ed two sediment records one 70+ursbos+[n8from a lake down>slope of the mines and a second7;ytteg[l8 from a lake downstream of a blastfurnace site from the historical period. 5ur analysesincluded multi>element geochemistry 7-6>NR%8&lead isotopes and pollen. 0he ma+or impact in thesediment records likewise occurs in the historical period& such as a 2$$>fold increase in copper& loss offorest co(er and an efold increase inlead and copper& e(idence of erosion in ;ytteg[l&downstream of the historical furnace& and increasingcharcoal particles. 0he lead isotope analyses indicatean influence of regional ores as early as the "th!$thcenturies& but the change in composition cannot belinked to other changes in the sediment records.mportantly& this early sediment e(idence during the"th!Jth centuries is supported by a few radiocarbondates& which on their own were considered as (ague

or improbable outliers by archaeologists.

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metals to urban lakes are comple< and are comprisedof atmospheric deposition& direct inputs and runofffrom the surrounding catchment. nterpretation ofurban lake records is therefore more complicated

than for lakes that are remote from industry andtransport. Sediment cores were taken from se(enlakes across London to e(aluate the use of urbansediments in palaeolimnological reconstructions.3oncentrations of Ei& 3u& Zn& 1s& b and ;g weredetermined& and the cores were dated usingradiometric methods and S3 analysis. ;ighsediment accumulation rates and interruptions to thesediment record made it difficult to determinechronologies at the sites. 6ifferences in sedimentaccumulation& metal beha(iour and the comple<mi


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and metal contamination elsewhere in the pro(ince.;ere we eJ8 by S5/ emissions from a nearby

iron sintering plant. %ollowing the plant’s closure in!""#& lakewater p; has returned 7at a remarkablyfast rate8 to circumneutral conditions due to the high buffering capacity of the local geology.aleolimnological analyses of dated sediment coresha(e detected some biological reco(ery among algalcommunities 7diatoms and chrysophytes8& althoughnot to their pre>impact assemblages. Similarly&recent cladoceran sedimentary assemblages fromthree impacted lakes remain in an altered staterelati(e to the pre>impact period 7e.g. increasedrelati(e abundances of !hydorus bre#ilabris andreduced cladoceran density in sediments8.3ollecti(ely& the multi>proelimination of acid deposition a decade prior&which led to a striking reco(ery in lakewater p; andincreased food a(ailability.

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*ased on the mercury@irconium ratios absolute(alues of anthropogenic mercury accumulation inthe sediments were calculated. 0hey peaked between!"4$ and !""$ 16 7/>, g m>/ yr >!8 and ha(e been

decreasing since then.

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indicate high conducti(ity& moderate pollution andcircumneutral to alkaline p;& pristine conditions E/4cm& : sppH benthic 7:$q8& Sella$hora 7/spp&,#.2q8 would indicate moderate pollution and

E/cm& ,: species& epiphytic 72!.:q8& %unotia 7#spp&!2.,q8 would indicate acidic to circumneutral p;7current 4.28& stages of human inter(ention.

S$,2$/,6epartment of Geology& Kent State Uni(ersity& Kent& 5;

JJ/J/ JL1 Research and 3onsultation& .5. *o< #:J&

*ishop& 31 ",2!J>$#:J

=ulti>pro based transfer functions& de(eloped using a datasetof !$$$ lakes sampled during US 91’s /$$4 Eational Lake 1ssessment program7www.epa.go(owowlakeslakessur(ey8& were usedto reconstruct total phosphorus 708 andconducti(ity since pre>9uropean settlement.!yclotella bodanica (ar. lemanica>dominant diatomassemblages suggest oligotrophic conditions were present prior to human disturbance 7mean inferred0 " gL>!8. ost>settlement acti(ities& includingcanal construction& salt manufacturing andurbani@ation& transformed 5nondaga Lake to ahypereutrophic& saline lake with many marine

diatom species becoming prominent. 0he ostracode

record is in general agreement with the diatomrecord& with a freshwater assemblage in pre>settlement time typical of the Great Lakes and%inger Lakes region& including !ytherissa lacustris&

!andona crogmaniana& and !andona caudata.Species richness and abundance decreases abo(e!J2 cm 7!#//8 and include !andona distincta and

Physocy$ria $ustulosa& typical of more eutrophicconditions. 1bo(e !/$ cm 7!#428& no ostracodeshells are present. 6uring the /$th century& diatominferred 0 and conducti(ity reached up to /"$ gL>! and !2"2 Scm>! respecti(ely. 6iatom inferencesre(eal gradual reco(ery o(er the last few decades.;owe(er& lake 0 would need to be lowered !2gL>! to reach nutrient le(els close to referenceconditions& while modern conducti(ity is likelywithin the lake’s natural (ariation.

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chemothermal o*3 and witha thermal optical method for elemental carbon 7938commonly measured in aerosols and snow.1ccording to preliminary results the S3

concentrations ha(e decreased in recent decades dueto e.g. impro(ements in particle arrestor technologyin 9urope. 1t the same time soot>*3 7and probably938 concentrations may ha(e risen because ofincreasing emissions in 1sia& which according to back>tra+ectories may reach the 9uropean 1rctic. norder to e(aluate the en(ironmental impact of *3&its fluctuations are compared with measured climate(ariations and lake ice fenology dynamics in thestudy area. 0he source of *3& i.e. biomass (s. fossilfuel& will be determined by radiocarbon dating.

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moderately polluted for 3u. 1pplications of 3uS5 J&as an algaecide& are responsible for the high (aluesof 3u. t is necessary to reduce the inputs ofnutrients in reser(oir’s tributaries& in order to reduce

the algal biomass and& conse?uently& stop theapplication of 3uS5J. 5therwise& reser(oir’s good?uality’ will be at risk.

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Session $J 1bstracts 9n(ironmental 3hange in ;igh Latitudes

Se!!ion %5 0 Environmenal change inhe high laiude!

S%501; /n hin ice: #aleolimnological'er!'ecive! on #olar eco!y!em! in a muli'le0!re!!or world

Smol& )..

aleoecological 9n(ironmental 1ssessment and Research

Laboratory& Dueen’s Uni(ersity& Kingston& 5ntario&

3anada

;igh latitude lakes offer tremendous opportunitiesfor paleolimnologists to study long>term

en(ironmental changes using lake sediments. %ore


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age sedimentary records with well>defined& andwell>dated& marine>terrestrial transitions wereeeastern1ntarctic eninsula region. Results show RSL on*eak sland fell from a ma/"$$cal yr *& !.:, mm yr >! between c. /"$$>!#$$ cal yr*& and finally to $./" mm yr >! during the last c.!#$$ years. 0he new *eak sland RSL cur(e impliessignificant thinning of the former 1ntarcticeninsula ce Sheet by the early>;olocene& and is in broad agreement with some& but not all& glacio>isostatic ad+ustment models. 0his and other recently published RSL cur(es& impro(e the spatial co(erageof RSL data for 1ntarctica& and pro(ide key field> based data for the glacial>isostatic correctionre?uired by satellite>deri(ed gra(ity measurementsof contemporary ice mass loss& which can be used to better assess the future contribution of thecontinental ice from 1ntarctica to rising sea>le(els.

S%50%< U!ing geochemi!ry and chironomid! oa!!e!! ro'hic re!'on!e! of !ub0rcic la!.anla.e! o recen environmenal change

!&J=edeiros& 1.S.& /0aylor& 6.).& !Duinlan& R.& ,;all&R..& J-olfe& *.*.

!6epartment of *iology& Aork Uni(ersity /6epartment of

*iology& State Uni(ersity of Eew Aork *uffalo,6epartment of *iology& Uni(ersity of -aterlooJ6epartment of Geography and 9n(ironmental Studies&

-ilfrid Laurier Uni(ersity

ncreases in producti(ity associated with increasednutrient inputs to 1rctic lakes are efree season& and permafrost thaw. ;ere& weutili@e a multi>pro1rctic1laska& with different catchment (egetationcommunities 7shrub (ersus macrophyte>dominated8&to characteri@e the relationship between differentsources of nutrient inputs and biological

communities in an area undergoing en(ironmental

change. Sediment cores were collected duringsummer /$!!& using an Uwitech gra(ity corer& and processed for chironomids 76ipteraH3hironomidae8&organic carbon and nitrogen elemental and stable

isotope measurements& and cellulose owater indicators in recent sediments&suggesting a warming climate in this region. naddition& a shift in chironomid assemblages wasobser(ed to coincide with an increase in M!2 E anddecline in M!,3org& reflecting higher producti(ityassociated with greater nutrient a(ailability in theshrub>dominated catchment. 0he dominantchironomid tadominated systemshowed a similar reduction of cold>water indicators& but no ma+or shift in assemblages possibly due todifferences in the source and beha(iour of nutrientsin the macrophyte>dominated catchment. 0hus&coupled stratigraphic analysis of both chironomidsand geochemistry readily distinguished between

temperature> and nutrient>related factors& pro(idingimportant information for predicting the futureresponse of 1rctic ecosystems to ongoingen(ironmental change.

S%50%5 Lae 8olocene climae change in we!ernSwedi!h La'land recon!ruced u!ingchironomid! and OR* elemenal daa

!*erntsson& 1.& /elle& G.& !Ros?(ist& G.

!6epartment of hysical Geography and DuaternaryGeology& Stockholm Uni(ersity& Sweden /Uni

9n(ironment& Uni Research& *ergen& Eorway

Results from most ;olocene temperaturereconstructions on a millennial time scale fromnorthern Scandina(ia ha(e shown a general coolingtrend following the ;olocene thermal ma


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?uantitati(e temperature analysis using chironomids7non>biting midges8 and geochemical analyses onhigh resolution 7centennial time scale8 lake sedimentcores from indelf+jllen in western Swedish

Lapland co(ering the last 2$$$ years.1ccording to our chironomid temperaturereconstruction& )uly temperatures were c.!I3 lowerin indelf+jllen between J"$$ and ,!$$ cal *compared to the reference period !":!>!""$. ;igher)uly temperatures characterised the period between,!$$ and /2$$ cal *. 0otal 5rganic 3arbon 70538and geochemical data 7NR%8 suggest it was alsowetter at that time. %rom /2$$ to !:$$ cal * )ulytemperatures were stable and similar to those of the

reference period. 1fter !:$$ cal * they were againlower until !$$$ cal * when a rapid warmingoccurred that lasted until #$$ cal *. 1fter #$$ cal* )uly temperatures were highly (ariable.Significance testing ha(e shown that ourreconstruction is better 7p>(alue $.$!8 atreconstructing )uly temperature than """ randomreconstructions generated from the same dataset.=oreo(er we note that the chironomids seem torespond to changes in hydrology and sedimentation.-e argue that there is a need for further studies ondifferent en(ironmental factors that potentially causeshifts in chironomid communities and therebyinfluence temperature inferences.

S%50% Com'aring he relaive influence! ofclimae, o>ygen and nurien! on chironomida!!emblage!: euro'hic rcic 'ond! a! naurallaboraorie! for 'aleolimnological a!!e!!men!

!Stewart& 9.& !=ichelutti& E.& /6ouglas& =.S..&!Smol& ).!aleoecological 9n(ironmental 1ssessment and Research

Laboratory& 6epartment of *iology& Dueen’s Uni(ersity&

3anada /3anadian 3ircumpolar nstitute& Uni(ersity of

1lberta& 3anada

Subfossil chironomids ha(e been used as paleoindicators for climate& nutrients& a?uatic production& and hypolimnetic owater hypo


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se?uence showed ecological shifts within the time period. Metacy$ris cordata dominated in the Late>Glacial shallow lake. 1t the beginning of the;olocene Pseudocandona com$ressa became the

main ostracod species as water le(el increased.6uring the =id ;olocene /abaeformiscandonale#anderi was the dominant ostracod in the shallowlake& gi(ing way to Pseudocandona rostrata in theLate ;olocene suggesting a coldwater lake fed by bottom springs. 3alculating a polynomial trendline&the Late>Glacial )uly minimum air temperature wasV!J3& )anuary maJ.2 !J3 cal kyr& )uly minimumtemperature increased to o(er V!23. 6uring the;olocene optimum the )anuary ma;olocene in northern 9stonia&suggesting that winters were cold and dry. n theLate ;olocene )uly minimum temperaturesdecreased& down to V!/3& howe(er& )anuary

ma3orti@as& 1.&!Renberg& .

!9cology and 9n(ironmental Science& Ume Uni(ersity&

Sweden /6epartmento de 9dafologia y Duimica 1gricola&Uni(ersity of Santiago de 3ompostela& Spain

Eumerous studies ha(e shown that climate affectsthe geochemical composition of a lake sediment&e.g.& runoff influences the transport of material fromthe catchment and temperature affects in>lake production. ;owe(er& lake sediments ha(e theirlimitations as an en(ironmental archi(e& andknowledge regarding different confounding factorsis (ital to make the best possible use of sediments as

records for past climatic conditions.

-e ha(e used a uni?ue series of free@e cores collected o(er ,$ years and sub>sampled at trueannual resolution from a lake with (ar(ed lakesediments to assess i8 diagenetic changes occurring

within the sediment& and ii8 how well weather datacan e!$ years& ii8 there is a weak but significant link between weather and inorganicfraction of the sediment 7R $.28& and iii8 this link isstrengthened if the annual data is smoothed 7R $.48& indicating that weather controls the long>term

trend but that specific years also are influenced byother factors& not least land>use.

0his study demonstrates that some caution must beapplied in interpreting sediment record& especially ifthe interpreted changes are small andor recent. talso shows that e(en if the climate significantlyaffects the geochemical composition of thesediment& care should be taken when choosing studysites for climatic studies to reduce the number ofconfounding factors& e.g.& land>use.

S%50%D #ermafro!, larch fore!!, and e'igeneichaw0la.e ion conen are a coheren geochemicalfuncional eniy in Siberia

!;er@schuh& U.& /estryako(a& L.1.& ,Sa(elie(a&L.1.& !;einecke& L.& !*iskaborn& *.& !*oehmer& 0.&J1ndree(& 1.& !Ramisch& 1.& 2*irks& ;.).*.

!1lfred -egener nstitute for olar and =arine Research&

otsdam& Germany T Uni(ersity of otsdam& nstitute for

9arth and 9n(ironmental Science& Germany/ Eortheastern %ederal Uni(ersity of Aakutsk& 6epartment

for Geography and *iology& Russia ,Saint>etersburg

State Uni(ersity& Russia JUni(ersity of 3ologne& nstitute

of Geology and =ineralogy& Germany 26epartment of

*iology and *+erknes 3entre for 3limate Research&

Uni(ersity of *ergen& Eorway T 9n(ironmental 3hange

Research 3entre& Uni(ersity 3ollege London& UK T

School of Geography and the 9n(ironment& 5


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permafrost soils were& until now& not taken intoaccount as controls of the abiotic and bioticcharacteristics of the huge number of thaw>lakeecosystems nor were they considered to play a ma+or

role in their inorganic carbon cycling.;ere we show that lake>water geochemicalcomposition is highly correlated with (egetationtype in particular higher alkalinity is found toincrease with denser forests in the lakezs catchment.-e test this relationship with four independent data>sets in space and timeH first& for a modern water data>set from /$! lakes co(ering tundra to typical taiga&and second& for three lake cores from Aakutia wherethis relationship is pro(ed by applying an alkalinity

transfer>function to fossil diatom data. -e postulatethat in this arid part of Siberia& the highere(apotranspiration in larch forest in comparison totundra (egetation leads to the local accumulation ofsalts in soils. 0hese ions are transported to nearbythaw>lakes by rain>e(ents and snow>melt& but are notentirely supplied into ri(ers due to the lack of acontinuous groundwater flow in permafrost soils.0his implies that a potentially large shift in a?uaticecosystems to recorded warming is absent becauseof the slow response of forest systems to climatechange.

S%50% 8olocene environmenal change in1amcha.a, *ar Ea! Ru!!ia

!*rooks& S.).& /)ones& .).& !Self& 1.9.& /Solo(ie(a& E.& ,Klimaschewsky& 1.& J;ammarlund& 6.&2 Ea@aro(a& L.*.

!6ept Life Sciences& Eatural ;istory =useum& London

S-4 2*6& UK /9n(ironmental 3hange Research 3entre&

Uni(ersity 3ollege London& earson *uilding& Gower

Street& London -3!9 :*0& UK ,School of Geography&

1rchaeology T alaeoecology& Dueen’s Uni(ersity of

*elfast& J/ %it@william St& *elfast *0" :1N& UKJ6epartment of Geology& Lund Uni(ersity& S[l(egatan !/&

S9>//, :/ Sweden 21lfred -egener nstitute for olar

and =arine Research& 0elegrafenberg 1J,& !JJ4,

otsdam& Germany

0here are relati(ely few detailed ;olocene palaeoen(ironmental records or climatereconstructions a(ailable from northern 9urasia. 0he

Kamchatka eninsula& in the far east of Russia& isideally situated to be responsi(e to climaticfluctuations and pro(ide information on climaticteleconnections between the Eorth 1tlantic and the

Eorth acific. 0he modern climate of Kamchatka issensiti(e to the intensity of the summer Eorthacific ;igh and winter 1leutian Low& which arelinked through atmospheric teleconnections to theSouthern and 1rctic 5scillations. n winterKamchatka is also influenced by Siberian ;igh andin summer it is influenced by the 1sian monsoon.-e present a summary of pollen& diatom&chironomid& isotope and sediment chemistryanalyses from three ;olocene lake sedimentse?uences in the north and centre of Kamchatka. 5urresults indicate that the lakes ha(e been influenced by local en(ironmental conditions particularly forestde(elopment& resulting in lake chemistry change&deposition of (olcanic ash& as well as climate changereflecting local& regional and global influencesdepending on the situation of each lake& either closeto the acific or in the central mountain range.

S%50&% 8olocene climae change and la.e

onogeny in !ouh0we!ern Greenland!Li(ersidge& 1.3.& !1nderson& E.).& /=cGowan& S.&!Ry(es& 6.*.

!6epartment of Geography& Loughborough Uni(ersity&

Loughborough& Leicestershire L9!! ,0U UK /School of

Geography& Uni(ersity of Eottingham& Uni(ersity ark&

Eottingham& EG4 /R6& UK

;olocene>scale change in the chemical and biological structure of 1rctic lakes is ofteninterpreted primarily as a response to climate(ariability and yet& lakes change as they age&independent of e


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climate on ;olocene lake ontogeny to bein(estigated. 0herefore& we in(estigated sedimentsfrom two lakes from the coast and two from theinland area to allow direct comparisons o(er

;olocene timescales. 6iatoms were used toreconstruct ;olocene trends in lake alkalinity andsedimentary pigments as a prolake production. Regardless of lake age& all four lakesdemonstrated a pulse in production and alkalinityduring the early phases of lake de(elopment&followed by oligotrophication after the ;olocene0hermal =awateralkalinity and production during the last ca. !2$$cal. years *. 0hese results suggest that low arcticlake ontogeny trends are similar regardless ofclimatic setting& and are dictated by localisedclimatic shifts& which can be mediated throughcatchment processes such as soil and (egetationde(elopment.

S%50&& Under!anding 'a! environmenalre!'on!e! o cyclic climae 'henomena in he;orhwe! Terriorie!, Canada

!=acumber& 1.L.& !atterson& R.0.& /Galloway& ).&,%alck& ;.& JSwindles& G.0.& !3rann& 3.& ! Ee(ille&L.1.

!6ept. of 9arth Sciences& 3arleton Uni(ersity& 5ttawa&

5ntario /Geological Sur(ey of 3anada& 3algary& 1lberta, Eorthwest 0erritories Geoscience 5ffice& Aellowknife&

E0 JLeeds Uni(ersity& Leeds& United Kingdom

0he 0ibbitt to 3ontwoyto -inter Road 703-R8& at:$$ km in length& is the world’s longest hea(y haulice road. t is the critical link in the supply chainser(icing remote northern mining operations&contributing 3{!billion per year to the economy ofthe Eorthwest 0erritories 7E08. Unusually mildconditions during the winter of /$$: were associatedwith an 9l EioSouthern 5scillation 79ES58 e(ent.03-R operations were significantly impacted&resulting in financial losses and the mothballing ofone mine. 0he cyclic 9ES5 e(ent raised awarenessof the need to better understand the range of climate(ariability in the central E0. Sediment free@e cores

from three lakes spanning three geographic regions

along the 03-R& were studied using grain>si@eanalysis 7GS18 at millimeter>scale resolution. GS1is a useful prochange relatedcatchment erosional dynamics. 0ime series analysis

of this data using well>de(eloped *ayesian age>depth models resulted in the identification of cyclicclimate phenomena& such as the 9ES5& the acific6ecadal 5scillation& and Suess cycles& which impactthe E0 at decadal to centennial scales. 9numerationof arcellacean 7testate lobose amoebae8 populationsfrom contemporary lakes in the region indicates thattheir populations are sensiti(e to climate (ariability.0his is seen through increases of 6ifflugia globulusand 6ifflugia glans as being diagnostic of tundralakes. 0hese results illustrate the range of naturalclimate (ariability in the central E0 pro(iding policy makers and climate modelers with essentialinformation needed to pro+ect possible future climateimpacts on the (iability of the 03-R.

S%50&$ Recen 'alaeolimnological changerecorded in La.e Oiaolongwan, norhea! China:climaic ver!u! anhro'ogenic forcing

!ani@@o& .E.& !=ackay& 1.-.& !Rose& E.L.& /Rioual&

.& ,Leng& =.L.!9n(ironmental 3hange Research 3entre& 6epartment of

Geography& Uni(ersity 3ollege London& earson

*uilding& Gower Street& London& -3!9 :*0& UK/nstitute of Geology and Geophysics& 3hinese 1cademy

of Science .5. bo< "#/2& *ei+ing !$$$/"& eople’s

Republic of 3hina , E9R3 sotope Geosciences

Laboratory& *ritish Geological Sur(ey& Keyworth&

Eottingham& EG!/ 2GG& UK and Uni(ersity of Leicester&

6epartment of Geology&Uni(ersity Road& Leicester& L9!

4R;& UK

Lake Niaolongwan& is a closed maar lake located inthe Long Gang olcanic %ield& northeast 3hina. 3oreNL-/ was collected in /$$4 and pro(ides a palaeoecological reconstruction o(er the past c. !,$years 7dated using radiometric methodsH /!$b8.6iatom floristic changes and catchment producti(ity7stable carbon isotopes8 were analysed. ndicators ofatmospheric pollution 7NR% and S3 in(entories8were also conducted. Results showed a marked

transition from a dominating benthic assemblage to a

2#


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planktonic one 7increasing H* ratios8 starting afterc. !"J$ 16& becoming most prominent after c. !"#$16 7H* !8. =ost notable floristic changes resultfrom the introduction of the planktonic species of ".

*oltereckii o(er this time. 0hese changes areconcomitant with increased temperature trends fromthe region and reconstructed temperature anomaliesof the E;. ;owe(er& normalised elementalgeochemistry 7e.g. b0i8 identifies that after !"4$16 there is a marked increase in ratios& most likelyderi(ed from atmospheric deposition in the area& aswell as increased S3 concentrations and flu< rates.1s a result& it is most likely that the shift from benthic to planktonic assemblages result fromincreased temperature trends& which precedeanthropogenic contamination at the site. 0hesetemperature trends may be manifested asearlier7later8 ice off7on8 andor increased 653 atLake NiaolongwanH conditions for which planktonicspecies ha(e a more competiti(e ad(antage.;owe(er& it cannot be denied that there is e(idenceof anthropogenic contamination after !"4$ 16&which may also be accountable for the significantspecies turno(er 7S6 !.J"28 seen during the late/$th century at this site.

S%50&< Change! in he ecology of e!Greenland la.e! over recen cenurie!

!=cGowan& S.& /1nderson& E.).& ,3urtis& 3.& J9(ans&L.*.& /;ogan& 9.).& J)ones& .).&2Kaiser&).&/Li(ersidge& 1.3.&JSimpson& G.L.&:-arhurst& ).

!School of Geography& Uni(ersity of Eottingham& UK/6epartment of Geography& Loughborough Uni(ersity&

UK ,Geography 6i(ision& Uni(ersity of the

-itwatersrand& South 1frica J9n(ironmental 3hangeResearch 3entre& Uni(ersity 3ollege London& UK2School of 9n(ironmental Sciences& Uni(ersity of 9ast

1nglia& UK :School of Geography and 9n(ironment&

Uni(ersity of Southampton& UK

n contrast to much of the 1rctic& the area aroundKangerlussua? in -est Greenland has note


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the optima and tolerances of biological communities.3hemical factors& such as buffering capacity& mayalso modify the biological responses. Se(eral publications suggest that diatom assemblages in

poorly buffered lakes show more (ariability inresponse to climate>dri(en p; changes howe(er&comprehensi(e comparati(e studies are lacking. 0oaddress this& we efree season and allowsus to edri(en p; changes.0he poorly buffered sites were found to ha(e greaterdiatom di(ersity in the pre>warming assemblagesand showed more (ariability throughout their recordthan the well>buffered systems. ;owe(er& the role ofclimate>dri(en p; changes was limited compared tothe o(er>riding influence of ice>co(er& and theconse?uent creation of new habitat& as a dri(er ofcompositional change. ;owe(er& as warmingaccelerates and ice>co(er diminishes in these high>latitude a?uatic systems& the role of buffering

capacity will likely become a more important(ariable in structuring the diatom communities andaffecting their response to climatic change.

S%50& bru' change! over he 'a! o decade!in !ubarcic la.e! of he 8ud!on -ay Lowland!:n im'oran e! area o demon!rae he over0riding role of climae warming on la.eeco!y!em!

!

Rhland& K.=.&/

aterson& 1.=.&,

Keller& -.&!=ichelutti& E.& !Smol& )..

!6epartment of *iology& Dueen’s Uni(ersity& 3anada/5ntario =inistry of the 9n(ironment& 3anada ,0he 3o>

operati(e %reshwater 9cology Unit& Laurentian

Uni(ersity& 3anada

0he ;udson *ay Lowlands 7;*L8 is a globally andecologically important region as it stores (astamounts of the world’s carbon in its e1rctic& this subpolar region around ;udson*ay has registered minimal warming 7or e(encooling8 due to negati(e feedback mechanismslinked to the persistence of ;udson *ay sea ice.

3onse?uently& paleoecological profiles from the;udson *ay region ha(e re(ealed minimalcommunity change. ;owe(er& o(er the past !2>/$years& this region has crossed a climate tipping point&with increased air temperature& reductions in sea ice&and changes in sea ice phenology that now generatea positi(e feedback response. 0he remoteness of thissub>1rctic region together with the rapid transitionfrom a region of cooling to one of amplifiedwarming pro(ides a rare& natural test site to identifythe effects of global warming in the absence ofconfounding& direct anthropogenic influences.

;igh>resolution sediment cores from four ;*L lakesshow distinct diatom changes in the past twodecades that include the onset and increase in planktonic diatoms and community comple


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gytt+a 7,#>$ cm8 with high organic content 7/$>/2q8. ollen analysis confirmed limited terrestrial(egetation 7record is dominated by non>pollen palynomorphs& mostly fungi& 3ladocera and algae

*otryococcus8. ;L3>measured sedimentary pigments and diatoms counts showed continuousrecord of green algae& periphytic diatoms andcyanobacteria. 5f a particular interest is a strongresponse of algal community to tephra layer 7J$>,#cm8. 0he section immediately abo(e tephra layershows increase in algal producti(ity andcyanobacteria. %urther upwards& cyanobacteriagradually recede and the record is dominated bychromophytes. 1t !$ cm& which /!$b datingindicates as representing !#2$ 16& algal indicatorsshow three important changesH 7i8 compositionalchange in diatom assemblages& 7ii8 relati(e increasein green algae and cyanobacteria and 7iii8 gradualincrease in algal producti(ity. 1t the same depth&chemical composition shows altered erosional pattern. -hereas algal community and producti(ityare controlled by (olcanic ash deposition in thelower part of the record& the post>!#2$ changes seemto be mediated e andmicro>fossils. =acro>fossils were represented mostly by leafs and buds of Sali< species and 6ryasoctopetala. 0he former occurrence of hybrid species

Sali< herbacea < polaris that lasts till nowadays was

documented. Special attention was paid toidentification of fossil mosses& which built theimportant part of arctic ecosystems. ollen grainswere present in (ery low concentrations. 0ardigrada

remains were found in the sediments in highabundance. 9ggs and e3arleton Geoscience 3enter& 6epartment of

9arth Sciences& 3arleton Uni(ersity& 5ttawa& 3anada/3arleton Uni(ersity aleoecological Laboratory& 3arleton

Uni(ersity& 5ttawa& 3anada ,School of Geography&

1rchaeology and aleoecology& Dueen’s Uni(ersity

*elfast& *elfast& United Kingdom JSchool of Geography&

Uni(ersity of Leeds& Leeds& United Kingdom 2 Eatural

Resources 3anada& Geological Sur(ey of 3anada&

3algary& 3anada:

Eorthwest 0erritories Geoscience5ffice& Aellowknife& 3anada

0he 0ibbitt to 3ontwoyto -inter Road 703-R8&stretching :$$kms north from Aellowknife and ##q built o(er fro@en lakes& is an important economictransportation route. 0he long>term (iability of thisroute is uncertain due to the potential impact ofglobal warming. %or this reason& the goal of thisresearch is to pro(ide insight into the nature ofnatural climate cycles and trends impacting theregion through the past ,2$$ years& and in(estigatewhether conditions in the /$th and early /!stcenturies were unusual. n a typical high latitudelake system& certain benthic /ragilaria diatomsthri(e under ice co(er while planktonic Aulacoseiradiatoms thri(e in open water conditions. *y studyingthe ratio of benthic to planktonic diatoms containedin a sediment core& past ice co(er can be inferred>data which is of great interest to 03-R policymakers and planners. n =arch /$!$& a free@e corewas obtained from 6anny’s Lake& located 2$ km

south of the treeline in the Eorthwest 0erritories.

:!


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0his core was then subsampled at !mm inter(alsusing a custom>designed sledge microtome. 1sampling resolution of on a(erage :yrmm wasobtained using a *ayesian age>depth model 75scale cycles in Aulacoseiraand /ragilaria abundance corresponding to warmand cool cycles o(er the past ,2$$ years.

S%0#0%5 Chironomid0inferred 8oloceneenvironmenal and climae change in 1amcha.a

Self& 1.& *rooks& S.

0he Eatural ;istory =useum& London& UK

0he global atmospheric and oceanic teleconnectionsdri(ing ;olocene climate change in the Eorthacific& and Kamchatka in particular& are currently poorly known due to a lack of palaeoclimate records.0he aim of this study is to pro(ide high>resolution&well>dated& ;olocene palaeoclimate se?uences fromthree lakes in Kamchatka. 1nalysis of thechironomid assemblages indicates a well>preser(edand tatolerant tainducedlatitudinal shift in summer insolation. n the northernsites& Lifebuoy Lake and Lake echora& changes in

the chironomid assemblages appear to be influenced

by (olcanic acti(ity and catchment (egetation. 0heresponse to climate appears more muted probablydue to the pronear infraredspectroscopy 7ERS J$$>/2$$ nm8 is a potentialmethod to reconstruct past permafrost dynamicsfrom lacustrine sediments. ERS of the sedimentreflects the 5= ?uality and can be used to inferlake>water total organic carbon 70538. Using partialleast s?uares regression& we ha(e established atransfer function between ERS of surfacesediment samples 7$>! cm8 and measured lake>water053. ;ere& the resulting model was applied to three;olocene sediment records from northernmostSweden& i.e.& an area of discontinuous permafrost.1ll three records show periods of (ery stable lake>

water 053 (alues& which we suggest correspond to periods when permafro

International Paleolimnology Symposium 12th IPS 2012

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Transcript of International Paleolimnology Symposium 12th IPS 2012