Integration of wind farms intoIntegration of wind farms intoIndian transmission systemIndian transmission system

Ram Gopal VarmaChandan KumarDept. Of Electrical Engineering IT-BHU,Varanasi

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Wind Systems in IndiaWind Systems in India� 5th largest wind power capacity of 9587.14

MW.

� Accounts to 6.2% of installed power capacityand 2% of generated power.and 2% of generated power.

� Average growth rate per year of 27%.

� Estimated to be 15600 MW by 2012.

� Most of them are off-grid Systems.

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Necessity of IntegrationNecessity of Integration

� With increasing Energy Demand andconstraints on fossil fuels, renewablesources have to be used.

Integration into the grid is a necessary� Integration into the grid is a necessaryprocess for efficient use of renewablesources.

� Geographical dispersion of wind systemswill quantify their intermittent output.

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Grid Network SystemsGrid Network Systems

� Supply power in close balance to demandmanaging fluctuations and breakdowns.

� Operational reserves like spinningreserves ensure that the plant copes upreserves ensure that the plant copes upwith fluctuations.

� Though aggregation smoothens variationsbut the overall load varies with powerneeds.

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ChallengesChallenges

� Additional short-term reserves will beneeded to guarantee the security of thesystem.

� Capacity credit of wind energy is very low.

� At lower demand levels plants areconstrained off leading to increase in costthe renewable energy.

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ChallengesChallenges……

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General Remedial StrategiesGeneral Remedial Strategies� Operators need not rely on the full rated

power.

� Remaining part can be used as short termreserve instead of spinning reserve.reserve instead of spinning reserve.

� Better wind forecasting techniques need tobe developed.

� Transmission system planning methods haveto be refined.

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Intraday MarketsIntraday Markets

� Short time forecasts have to supplementthe day ahead forecasts.

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Storage TechnologiesStorage Technologies� Wind power is always combined with

suitable storage technology.

� This makes it a virtual conventional powerplant.plant.

� Most suited technology for this purpose isthe Compressed Air Energy Storage(CAES)method.

� Tested and commercially available .

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ConclusionConclusion� Integration into the grid is compulsory to ensure

ongoing increase in wind power.

� Substantial strain and control reserve are majorchallenges.

� Proper use of intraday markets is more economical.

� CAES is a suitable utility.

� Research has to be done short-term load fore castingtechniques.

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AcknowledgmentAcknowledgment

� We thank IET Delhi Network for giving usthis opportunity to present our ideas.

� We thank Dr. S. N. Mahendra , HOD(Electrical Engineering ),IT-BHU for hisconstant support and kind guidance.

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