Intelligent Shipping Intelligent Shipping Container ProjectContainer Project

IMPACT & INTELIMPACT & INTEL

MPACTIArizona State Motivation & RequirementsMotivation & Requirements

MotivationMotivation Homeland security Homeland security

requirements (ACSD, MATTs)requirements (ACSD, MATTs) Dynamic supply chainDynamic supply chain

RequirementsRequirements RFID, environmental RFID, environmental

parameter sensingparameter sensing Communication capabilityCommunication capability Critical event reporting: Critical event reporting:

intrusion detectionintrusion detection Lifetime requirementsLifetime requirements

S

MPACTIArizona State

2.4 GHz internal network

Stargate

2.4 GHz

Intelligent Shipping Container System ArchitectureIntelligent Shipping Container System Architecture

Compact Flash Memory Card 2GB+ $100Database

MICAz mote 2 2.4 GHz $100Access point of internal network and a node of inter-container network.

Stargate $500Managing Internal network (hardware, power and security); processing data and maintaining database; processing queries from external network; and routing outgoing packets to one of the two wireless interfaces.

External Hosts

802.11

Cellular Network

Note: 1. Constrained by ports provided by the Stargate, only one of the two wireless methods, 802.11 and GPRS, can be

installed. 2. In this single-stargate setting, the mote attached to the Stargate has to be shared by the internal network and

external mote network, a.k.a. inter-container network, which will increase contention and collision in both networks. Two antennae (inside and outside container) are required. To alleviate collision, an additional circuit, antenna selector, may help. But still, the mote cannot receive packets from the two network at the same time.

802.11 card or GPRS Modem1

$100

GPS Receiver$100

RFID Reader $500

MICAz mote $100

Sensors

MICAz mote $100

Sensors

MICAz mote $100

Container

51-pin

PCMCIA Compact Flash

USB

Ethernet

RS

232or

MICAz mote Attached to nearby containers’ external Stargates. Proximity MICAz motes form an ad hoc (multi-hop) inter-container network.

Nearby PC/PDAE.g. computers at checkpoints or the datacenter, handheld devices held by custom officers and load/unload workers. Querying current and history data and downloading database from the internal database.

Remote ServerComputers at the datacenter. Collecting real-time data from containers, managing database and responding to critical event reported by containers.

MPACTIArizona State

Stargate DemoStargate Demo

Sens

ed d

ata

Query results

Query & command

MicaZ mote & MTS310 sensor boards

MPACTIArizona State

Stargate Internal Network

Intelligent Container Software Components and Data FlowIntelligent Container Software Components and Data Flow

MICA2 mote driver

MICA2 mote (TinyOS)• Ad hoc networking

management; • Neighbor discovery;• Routing protocols;• Security protocols.

PC/PDA (Win/CE/Linux)• Network establishing;• Query generation and

display;• Database

management;• Socket server daemon

processing voluntary reports and alerts;

• Security management.

External Hosts

Remote Server• Query generation and

display;• Database

management;• Socket server daemon

processing voluntary reports and alerts;

• Security management.

Legend: command done as planed data partially done

802.11 card driver

GPRS modem driver

GPS receiver driver

Serialforw

arder (attached to UA

RT

)

RFID Reader w/ MICAz motePeriodical RFID reading and reporting, event or command triggered RFID reading, and reliable transmission control.

Sensor #1 w/ MICAz motePeriodical environmental data sensing and reporting, event or command triggered data sensing and reliable transmission control.

Socket server daemon processing requests (web)

Socket server daemon processing sensing data

Radio management dynamically determining outgoing wireless interface

System configuration, hardware management (self-diagnoses, self-monitoring, watchdog monitoring), power management

Data fusion, database management

Voluntary report and alert

Inter-stargate forwarding if needed

Sensor #n w/ TelosBPeriodical environmental data sensing and reporting, event or command triggered data sensing and reliable transmission control

Security component

Database

Internal network abstract

External network abstract

Database accessing (web based)

Request manager

Sensor network management

MPACTIArizona State

Research TopicsResearch Topics

Energy efficient internal and external Energy efficient internal and external communicationcommunication SynchronizationSynchronization

Scalable container networkScalable container network Dynamic group assignmentDynamic group assignment