Integrating Sustainable Energy Resources into the Grid€¦ · 06/04/2011 · “Smart Grid”...

2 / 4/4/2011

Presented in partnership with LATEA

Integrating Sustainable Energy Resources into the Grid

Peter KňažkoGE EnergyDigital Energy Account Director, CEE

6 April 2011

3 / GE PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT FURTHER DISTRIBUTE

© General Electric Company, 2011

GE Digital Energy Division

GE Digital Energy thanks you for the opportunity to come to Riga and present to you our view of a sustainable grid.

We are a major solutions provider and thought leader for the global “Smart Grid” effort to modernize and optimize how energy is generated, moved and consumed.

Our 5,000 employees worldwide are inventing, improving, and integrating communications, automation, and power delivery technologies to give the 100-year-old electric infrastructure new capabilities for reliable and efficient performance.



• Power & Water

• Energy Services

• Oil & Gas

• Imaging & Clinical Systems

• Life Sciences• Surgery

• Aviation Financial Services

• Commercial Finance• Energy Financial

Services• GE Money• Treasury

• 6 businesses operating in more than 100 countries … 125+ years • Over 300,000 employees worldwide • 2010 revenue: $150B

• 6 businesses operating in more than 100 countries … 125+ years • Over 300,000 employees worldwide • 2010 revenue: $150B

GE’s portfolio

GE Energy GE Healthcare GE Capital

GE Aviation

• Civil & Military

• Engines• Systems• Services

GE Transportation

• Locomotives• Signalling• Energy

Storage• Marine

Home & Business Solutions

• Lighting• Appliances• Intelligent

Platforms



GE Energy WorldwideEmployees: 90,000 • ‘09 revenue: $38.6B • 140 countries worldwide

• Drilling/production for … land, offshore, subsea

• LNG and pipelines

• Refining/petrochemical

• Industrial power gen

• Complete lifecycle services

• Power generation

• Renewable energy

• Gas engines

• Nuclear

• Gasification

• Water treatment and process chemicals

• Digital Energy/SG solutions

• Power gen services

• Measurement & control solutions

• Industrial solutions

• Environmental services

• Parts and repair services

Power & Water Oil & GasEnergy Services

GE Energy in Central & Eastern Europe & CIS• Region headquarters: Prague, Czech Republic• >80 years of manufacturing & support services in CEE & CIS• >5000 employees in CEE & CIS• Consistent year-on-year growth

GE Smart Grid Overview



• Transmission-side traditional sources– Coal, hydro, nuclear

• Distribution-side traditional sources– Gas, diesel

• More resources to add:– Wind, solar, biomass, microgrids

An evolutionary process of co-existence with the “old-energy” world

What are we Integrating?



• Distributed generation means that generation takes place where the resource is.

• Sustainable energy is therefore only a benefit if your grid can be sustainable too.

• We are creating a grid better able to accept more diverse energy resources but that will also be safer, cleaner, more efficient, and provide a wider benefit to the end-user than today’s systems.

What we really mean by “Sustainable”What are we Integrating?



• Generation Unit Commitment• Scheduling and Dispatch• Controlling “Controllable” Power Plants• Transmission System efficiency• Voltage & phase stability• Controlling transients• Power transfers with other systems• Power exchange trading complexities

The same problems to solve all over again.The Challenges of Integration



• Selective dispachability• Energy storage• Climate analysis to predict resource availability• Power electronics

– Mitigating effects of grid connections– Dynamic voltage & current control for more grid capacity

• “Everything else”– The core communications layer needs to extend ideally to all assets, so

that they are monitored, understood, and controllable.

Predictable & Controllable: Sustainables are a mix of bothA System to Predict the Unpredictable



Information infrastructure

The Integration of Two Infrastructures …

Electrical infrastructure

A “Smarter” Grid

+



TransmissionAutomation

Gen. & Trans.Management

DistributionManagement

Sensors DistributionAutomation

AssetOptimization

A new Communications Infrastructure to facilitate complex integration

AdvancedMetering System

Enabled Consumers

EconomicDispatch

Old Grid• Customer must phone utility when power goes off.• Utility pays high premium cost to meet peak demand.

• Difficult to manage high Wind and Solar penetration

• Cannot manage distributed generation safely.

• ~10% power loss in T&D

Smarter Grid • Utility knows power is off and can usually restore it automatically.

• Utility suppresses demand at peak. Lowers cost. Reduces CapEx.

• No problem to integrate higher wind and solar penetration.

• Can safely manage distributed generation.

• Power Loss reduced by 2+% : lowers emissions.

DemandOptimization

DeliveryOptimization

EnergyOptimization

Thermal Generation Lines

Sub Stations

DistributionEquipment

Renewable Generation

VoltageControl

A “Smarter” Grid

Enabled Utility Managers

Heavy Metal thatGenerates & Delivers Power

Microelectronics thatControls Flows

Applications thatManage Operations



Smart Grid Framework – a Layered FoundationHeavy metal and new applications linked by a new communications layer

Smart MeteringSystems

Communications Infrastructure

Engineering & Operational Systems

Utility Enterprise Applications

T&D Infrastructure

Smart Sensors, Controllers and Meters

Smar

t In

fras

truc

ture

Alternative Energy Sources, Storage & PHEVs

Elec

tric

al

Infr

astr

uctu

reSm

art G

rid

Solu

tion

s

Energy Consumer Home Area Network

AssetOptimization

DistributionOptimization

TransmissionOptimization

DemandOptimization

Workforce &EngineeringOptimization

Workforce Engineering

Design Optimization

Smart Metering Systems

Demand Optimization

Distribution Optimization

Transmission Optimization

Asset Optimization

15 /GE – FPL/NextEra Presentation /

4/4/2011GE PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL - DO NOT FURTHER DISTRIBUTE© General Electric Company, 2010

GE Digital Energy Solutions Overview



A power system that serves millions of customers and has an intelligent communications infrastructure enabling the timely, secure and adaptable information flow needed to provide power to the evolving digital economy.

Definition

CharacteristicsAn electric power system that is:

. . . A smarter Grid

Smart Grid

• Self-healing to correct problems early

• Interactive with consumers and markets

• Optimized to make best use of resources

• Secure from threats and hazards

• Predictive to prevent emergencies

• Distributed assets and information

• Integrated to transform data into Information



Embracingrenewables

IncreasingReliability

Empoweringconsumers

Increasingefficiency

Real. Smart. Solutions.



DATA & COMMUNICATIONS

Embracingrenewables


Empoweringconsumers





Embracingrenewables


Empoweringconsumers



Power Generation

Transmission & Distribution

Residential & Community

Industrial & Commercial

• Diagnostics & visualization• Substation digitization• Mobile applications• Reliability & demand

forecasting• Smart appliances• Home energy use

monitoring

• Backup power mgmt& control

• TOU reporting• Energy management

• Generation optimization

• Renewables• Microgrids• Protection & control• Base Generation • CO2 Capture • Storage and Inverters

Advanced metering infrastructureDistributed generation infrastructure

Asset monitoring & diagnostics

DATA & COMMUNICATIONS



The GE Smart GridAn Integrated Standards-based System with flexibility for Emerging Capabilities



GE Digital Energy Solution Examples



GE’s ‘PowerOn’ & ‘PowerOn Fusion’ software

Customer reported benefits *• Workforce productivity up 50%• Operating expenditures down 40%• Outage metrics improved by 25%• Payback of 12 months

What GE Delivers • Outage Management• Improved Reliability• Distributed Generation• Smart Crews/Field-Force• Automation Possibilities• Automatic Fault Restoration

Centralized Distribution Network and Outage Network Management• Real-time grid control – substations,

distribution and renewables• Manage outages and expedite

restorations• Improves power reliability• Improves operational efficiency • Empowering field crews

* Based on data from customers, consultants and legacy consolidation model.



Fast Grid Disconnect Enabling Distrib. Generation

What GE will deliver• GE Wireless DGT Transfer Trip• Integrated operations• Secure high-speed wireless

communications using point-to-multipoint wireless technology

• Transfer trip in 30 msec or less, and transmit status confirmation in as little as 300 msec.

Application Challenge• To allow multiple small DG

owners to interconnect to the grid. • In the event of a fault, the DG

needs to instantly disconnect from the grid and send status confirmation back to the utility



Microgrid Control

What GE will deliver• Integrated solution • Economic model• Coordinated operation of Distributed

Energy Resources• Based on utility grade solution• Designed for Safety

Technical Challenge• Advanced asset controls and protection for low inertia grid• Advanced Energy Management: • Optimization of generation, storage and load operation• Intermittency management• Aggregate dispatchability• Advanced controls for transition between grid-parallel and island operation• Cost-effective electrical and thermal

energy storageMain Grid

Solar / Wind Farm Energy Storage

Controllable LoadsDemand Response

Micro Turbine

Substation



GE Digital Energy Project Examples



Hawaii moving from fossil-fuel-dependence to renewable, carbon-free solutions …

Creating less reliance on imported fuels, which means greater energy independence and security

• 40% of their energy from clean renewable sources by 2030.

• Demand Response systems and VOLT/VAR technologies help manage peak load

• Grid management software can optimize the integration of wind and solar power.

Real. Renewable. Solutions.

30MW Kaheawa wind plant

2.7MW OceanlinxTM

Wave Power (proposed)

Kahului Power Plant

HC&S Sugar13MW Steam

New Kihei Sub (potential site)

Kuihelani Sub(potential site)

Maalaea Power Plant



Bella Coola’s Hydrogen Assisted Renewable Power System demonstrates a clean power solution for remote communities.

• Reduce annual diesel consumption by 200,000 liters

• Lower greenhouse gas emissions by 600 tons annually

• Storage for run-of-river power, for future use

• Microgrid controller manages renewable energy economically and efficiently

Real. Remote. Solutions.

Microgrid controller - converting and storing clean-energy in isolated “off the grid” locales.

Maximizing use of renewables and minimizing the impact to our environment.

A Typical Microgrid features• Combination of conventional and/or renewable on/off the grid energy sources

• Energy storage system to compensate for renewable intermittency

• Communication networking of all Microgrid elements including load clusters

Bella Coola, British Columbia, Canada



The cost of generating a kilowatt-hour of electricity is 70 to 170 times the cost of “saving” a kWh through efficiency.

GE’s smart grid technologies help reduce the flow of lost energy and wasted money.

Coordinated Volt-VAR-Control (CVVC) system minimizes losses.

• Reduced reactive power loading by maintaining power factors near unity

• Generate less power to meet the same consumer demand

• Voltage reduction at peak or for capacity limits

Features:• Adds automatic control of

– Line & station regulators– Load Tap Changer (LTC)– Station caps

• Control Based on– Station VARs or desired Voltage

• Control Limits on– Voltage– Operate time– Priority

Station A

Backhaul Comms

Control Center

SCADA

LTC

RegCaps

Seg 2Seg 1 Seg 3S2 TS1

Caps CapsF1

Caps

IP Network

Reg

D20/400

Real. Efficient. Solutions.

Largest US transmission system (62k km)



EV Infrastructure:… more than just the charging station

General PurposeTransformers

Utility Transformer

SwitchboardsAnd PanelboardsSwitchgear

Load Centers

Utility Supply

GE WattStation

Sub-metering

… for every $1 spent on charging stations, $0.50 will need to be spent on infrastructure.



GE Digital Energy Services



…Necessitates a Smart Grid

Initiative

Policy and Regulatory Directives…

• CO2 Reduction• Efficiency improvements• Renewables

Increasing Fuel Prices…

• Volatile gas and oil supplies• Energy security / independence• Increases in fuel poverty

New Electric Loads…

• Electric Vehicles• Heat Electrification

Increasing T&D Infrastructure Costs…

• Upgrade of aging facilities• Cost of new facilities, including

renewables interconnection

Skills and Knowledge Enhancement…

• Create energy-economy jobs• Increase global

competitiveness in Smart Grid industry

Overcoming Obstacles to Developing theSmart Grid

Smart Grid Drivers:



Why?

• Drivers

• Underlying business needs

• Shortfalls in Present State

Where?

• Short-term objectives

• Long-term vision

What?

• Develop Solution Architectures

• Evaluate Alternatives

• Existing Infrastructure

How Much?

• Costs

• Benefits

When?

• Timing

• Phased Approach

Smart Grid Roadmap Process Defining the Smart Grid Business Case



EU Policy Landscape

• EU 20/20/20

• 80% smart meter coverage by 2020, 100% by 2022

• Emissions Trading Scheme

• Emission Performance Standards

• Stimulus Funding

• Regulation to reward grid efficiency and reliability



Infrastructure Improvements

Reliability & Optimization

Workforce Automation

What GE can do . . .

• System planning/design• Power delivery equipment and systems• Turnkey delivery

• Outage managements systems• Mobile workforce solutions• Remote monitoring & diagnostics

Connectivity

Safety & Security

• Personnel and public safety• Availability of electrical assets• Cyber security and private networks

• Enable visualization of assets• Power system reconfiguration• Communications enabling AMI

• Self healing power systems • Network/asset planning and mgmt systems• Substation and feeder automation• Equipment monitoring and diagnostics



Example of System ConceptualizationGE assists with project definition, scoping, costing, benefits…

1. Consumers and Demand Management1.1 Smart Home Technologies

1.2 Smart Building Technologies

1.3 Electric Vehicle Trials / Use Cases

1.4 Consumer Behaviour Modeling, Engagement, and Education

1.5 Advanced Consumer Metering

1.6 Utility Demand Management System

2. Renewables onto the Grid2.1 Standardised, Packaged Substations for Wind Farm Interconnections

2.2 Special Protection Schemes Standarisation

2.3 Battery Energy Storage Systems

2.4 Virtual Power Plant – Aggregation of Small Generation

3. Grid Infrastructure and Optimisation3.1 Asset Management

3.2 Advanced Voltage Control

3.3 Synchrophasor Technology for Improved System Operations

3.4 Localised Demand Reduction

3.5 Dynamic Line Ratings

3.6 Active Network Management

4. Communications and Data Management4.1 Backbone Communications

4.2 Cyber Security

4.3 IT Integration



33 kV / 11kV Substations33 kV and 11 kV Lines

11kV / 415V Substations

Grid Infrastructure and Optimisation

EV ChargingStations

Smart Homes

On-Shore Wind and Other Renewables

• Advanced Meters• High-Efficiency Lights• Electric Heat Pumps• Smart Appliances• Home Energy Displays• Controllable Loads• Home Generation and

Energy Storage• EV Charging

• Drop-In Control Houses• Substation Automation• Advanced Equipment

Monitoring• Volt/VAR Control• Phasor Measurement

Technology

Battery EnergyStorage System

DistributionControl Centre

Communications

• Dynamic Line Monitoring• Increased Monitoring• Fault Detection, Isolation,

and Restoration• Volt/VAR Control• Adpative Protection

Aggregation ofSmall Generation

Government, CommericalAnd Industrial

• Distribution Management System / SCADA• On-line Load Flow / State Estimation• Fault Detection, Isolation, Restoration• Voltage/VAR Control• Contingency Analysis• Distributed Energy Resource Management• Interface to AMI for Electrical Data

DistributedGeneration

Off-Shore WindAnd Tidal

• Advanced Meters• Interface to Building

Management Systems• High-Efficiency Loads• Controllable Loads• On-Site Generation

and Storage

• Microwave Radio• Fibre Optic• GPRS• PLC

110kV/33 kV Substations

Consumer and Demand Management

Renewables onto the Grid

Communications and Data ManagementGE Produced a High-Level Architecture…



GE is a significant global stakeholder driving SG realization

Trade Associations● Refining strategy ●

Gov’t & Academia● Creating understanding ●

Customers/Partners● Defining business case ●

Technology● Driving standards ●



Smart Grid Electricity Advisory Committee

Interoperability & Cyber Security

Industrial Control Systems WG

BOREAS Cyber Security WG

Board of Directors

Interoperability WG

Implementation WG

Legislative and Policy WG

State Legislative and Policy WG

Home 2 Grid (H2G) WG

Business and Policy (BnP)

Smart Grid Task Force

Home Plug Alliance

Board of Directors

Power & Energy Society (PES) Past President

PES Intelligent Grid Coordinating Committee

Power System Relaying Committee

Smart Grid Task Force Technology

Smart Grid Task Force Policy

Smart Grid Task Force Standards

Energy Storage Council

Smart Grid Strategic Group 3

US Principle

US TAG

US National Committee (USNC) VP, Technical Activities

Study Committees

Advanced Metering Infrastructure

NERC

GE is helping to define the Smart Grid Standards

GE Smart Grid End-to-End Solution



The GE Smart GridAn Integrated Standards-based System with flexibility for Emerging Capabilities



Pillar Framework

GE Smart Grid

Smart Metering Systems

Demand Optimization

Distribution Optimization

Transmission Optimization

Asset Optimization

Interoperability Framework

Shared Services & Applications

Workforce & Engineering

Design Optimization

(WEDO)

Thank You.


Integrating Sustainable Energy Resources into the Grid€¦ · 06/04/2011 · “Smart Grid”...

Documents

Transcript of Integrating Sustainable Energy Resources into the Grid€¦ · 06/04/2011 · “Smart Grid”...