INTEGRATING NMT WITH PUBLIC...
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INTEGRATING NMT WITH PUBLICTRANSPORT
Ashish Rao GhorpadeICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability – South Asia
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Pioneers of urban sustainabilityICLEI is a world-leading association of over 1,000 cities, towns,metropolises in 86 countries, committed to building a sustainablefuture.
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Road Space for users
• Equity in road space iseasy to talk about buthard to enforce
• If you ever noticed thefootpath. Does it evenexist?
• Walkers outnumberpeople using vehicles inevery Indian city.
• Do city plans havespace for pedestrians ?do urban roads ?
Delhi
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Road Space for users
Kolkata
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Road Space for usersVarious Cities
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Urban Context in India …
Source: World bank report 2004 andhttp://censusindia.gov.in/, Mickensey report on IndiaUrbanization, 2010, and World bank report 2004Po
pula
tion
in m
illio
n
World’s 2nd largest urbansystem (367 million in 2011) after
China
World’s 2nd largest urbansystem (367 million in 2011) after
China
7935 cities and towns in 2011, upfrom 5161 in 2001
About 8 Mega cities
7935 cities and towns in 2011, upfrom 5161 in 2001
About 8 Mega cities
200 cities >2,00,000 populationExpected Urban population 473million (2021) and 820 million
(2051)
200 cities >2,00,000 populationExpected Urban population 473million (2021) and 820 million
(2051)
India’s cities have expanded rapidlyover the last few decades and arelikely to grow faster in the future.Urban India is expected to contribute70 per cent of India’s GDP by 2030.
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Growth in last 3 decades
• Population 2.4 times
• Vehicles 26 times
• Number of Traffic fatalities 5 times
But not many institutions to think on howcities and transportation can go in anorganic and integrated fashion.
Comparison of vehicle growth rate withPopulation :1981-2011
4.010.2
26.3
1.0 1.4 1.8 2.4
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
1981 1991 2001 2011
Vehicles
urban population
Source :Traffic & Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, MoUD Study by Wilbur smith
16% 15% 11%9%
41%
44% 51%57%
43%
42% 38%34%
2007 2011 2021 2031
Public Transport PV+IPT NMT
Increased use of private vehicles: Impact
Reducing NMT Mode Share in BAU
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33 33 31 30
45 4331
54
8 14
10
814 10
288
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
Mumbai Delhi Chennai Kolakata
Walk +Cycle
Public Transport
Private vehicle
Other
• Various Road user Group :• Private Vehicles owner• Public transport users• Pedestrians• Bicyclists• Other
• Pedestrians dominates themodes share in Indian cities
• Private vehicles• transport less than 13%
of Delhi’s dailycommuters
• Occupies 90 % of theroad space.
What about Mobility of Majority Road users ?
Source: Traffic & Transportation Policies and Strategies in Urban Areas in India, MoUD Study by Wilbursmith ,2008
Mode share in Metro cities
PT +NMT
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Pedestrian
57%2 Wheller
15%
Other3%
Car4%
Truck2%
2Wheeler
1%
Bicycle7%
Bus10%
Jeep0%
Impact on NMT usersPedestria
n28%
2 Wheeler27%
Other11%
Car10%
Truck6%
Tempo5%
Bicycle4%
Bus4%
Delhi
Pedestrian38%
2 Wheeler24%
Car12%
Truck8%
Tempo4%
Bicycle4%
Bus5%
Jeep1%
Kolkata
Mumbai
Pedestrian55%
Wheeler27%
Other4%
Car1%
Truck2%
Tempo0%
3 Wheeler5%
Bicycle6%
Bus0%
Jeep0%
Vijayawada
On busy streets, pedestrians and motorcyclists are vulnerable to road traffic injuries
Source: National Crime Record Bureau , 2013
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Who can be considered as NMT user
The majority of trips in Indian cities are done on foot
I am and if you get offof your vehicles atany point of yourjourney beforereaching yourdestination, you aretoo
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Who can be considered as NMT User
using cycles
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Who can be considered as NMT User
Public transport
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Need to look at NMT with Public Transport
EVERY PEDESTRIAN IS A POTENTIAL PUBLIC TRANSPORT USER `
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However our cities face challenges
Accessibility to Public transport Comfort
Weather Safety for life
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Accessibility: reaching public transport station
Improving the NMT environment improves walking distance for Public transport users
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NMT :last mile connectivity for Public Transport
Improvements to walking conditions help reaching more population foreach available public transport station
With improved walkingconditions, people are willingto walk longer to reach aPublic Transport Station,thus extending the last mileconnectivity
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Comfort
Why cant cities design facilitate such facilities? Comfort during change in mode
?
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Indian weather : How comfortable is NMT
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Comfort :Cycling in Scorching Heat
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Safety :Access to public transport
think about the differently abled, can they safely use our infrastructure?
who would walk here?
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Safety: Bus Stands
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NMT users account for over half of all roadfatalities in metro cities
•
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Aspiration for private motorised vehicles
While NMT still continues to be:
• Unsafe• Issues of Last mile connectivity• No priority in road space• Absence of basic Infrastructure• Prone to extreme weather
Motorised Vehicles Provides better regulatedcomfort in terms of :• Safety• Weather extremes• Flexibility• Road Space Priority & infrastructure• End to End Connectivity
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Aspiration
No doubt .. NMT is not considered to be a mode of choice
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Issues are known to all but few acted
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Existing opportunity to act for Indian cities
Smart cities Mission
100 cities
Central Allocation ofINR 48000 Crore
Smart citieschallenge in
progress
AMRUT : AtalMission for Rejuvenation and
Urban Transformation
500 towns
Central Allocation ofINR 50000 Crore
ImplementationStarted
HRIDAY : Heritage CityDevelopment & Augmentation
Yojna
12 cities
Mission Launched
ImplementationStarted
Ministry of Urban Development with State and Local Governments
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Smart Cities Programmes
RetrofittingORRedevelopmentORGreenfielddevelopment
Physical ,socialand InstitutionalgovernanceAr
ea B
ased
Dev
elop
men
tPan C
ity initiative
•Provide Universal accessibility•Improve Last mile connectivity•Provide NMT infrastructure - walkability•Provide & Improve Public transport•Integrated Multi-Modal Transport
Focus Area
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AMRUT
Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and
Urban Transformation
•Budget Outlay :50000 Crores over next
5 years
•Cities : 500 Towns with all 1 lakhs
population, town along the river.
Focus Area on Mobility
•Improved Pedestrian facilities
•Improve Non motorised transport
facilities
•Promote & Improve Public transport
•Develop parking management strategies
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HRIDAY
Heritage City Development and
Augmentation Yojna
Budget Outlay :500 Crores till March
2017
•Cities : 12 pilot cities.
Focus Area related to mobility
•Improved Accessibility in the core
city/Heritage sensitive area
•Improve pedestrian facilities
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Street design – planned, reservedspacesCyclists mix with High Speed vehicles
Drainage No Median Refuge
No Footpath Parking
Poles & wires
Source: SGA
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4 lane carriageway
Cycle track Vending Spaces
Barrier free footpath Median Refuge
Poles & wires
Sign boards
Lighting
Street design – planned, reserved spaces
Source: SGA
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• EcoMobility is“..about creating cities where a shorttrip can be fulfilled without using amotorised mode.
EcoMobility aims to create cities wherethe air is clean and the road is shared bybicycles, pedestrians, buses and cars in asafe and environmentally friendly way.EcoMobility creates cities that do notdiscriminate its people based on theirage, social status or means of transport”
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Shared orrented car*
‚Passenging‘(public transport)
Cycling,wheeling
Walking
12
3
4
Shift towards EcoMobility
Ecomobile city = liveable city
* Provided small electric city carspowered by renewables are used
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• Time to act!
Thank you
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• Support to smart cities- Raj and AP• HRIDAY Plan for Amravati• SOLUTIONS – EU for cochin• Governance – Urban Mobility – CEE/WRI etc