Institute for Environment and Sustainability1 Meteorology.

Institute for Environment and Sustainability 1

Meteorology


METEOROLOGY (I)

Computational Domains:

D1D2


METEOROLOGY (II)

MM5 runs:• (1): 28 periods of 14 days with restart• (2): 28 independent periods of 14 days

with 4 days spin-up• 2-way nested domains: D1 and D2

• D1: resolution 6x6 km (95x65 cells)• D2: resolution 2x2 km (136x112 cells)• 24 vertical layers (up to 12 km)

WRF run:• Similar to MM5(1) with 5 km (115x79 cells) and 2.5 km (95x87 cells)


METEOROLOGY (III)

Meteo availability:

MM5:• cdf format: D1 365 x 161 Mb ~ 60 Gb

D2 365 x 390 Mb ~ 142 Gb

WRF: • cdf format: D1 365 x 161 Mb ~ 75 Gb

D2 365 x 390 Mb ~ 68 Gb

TRAMPER: ?

Transfer: USB disk?

Grid configurations – interpolation on own grid left to each modelling group.


Variable description Unit Dim

East-West wind component √

m/s

XYZT

North-south wind component √ m/s

Vertical wind component √ m/s

Real Temperature √ K

Potential Temperature K

Water vapour mixing ratio √ kg/kg

Cloud water mixing ratio √ kg/kg

Rain water mixing ratio √ kg/kg

Ice cloud mixing ratio kg/kg

Snow mixing ratio (snow fraction) √

kg/kg

Graupel kg/kg

Momentum diffusion coefficient √ m2/s

Heat diffusion coefficient √ m2/s

Pressure √ Pa

Model half-sigma levels √ sigma

Landuse category √ corine

XY

Longitude √ Deg

Latitude √ Deg

Planetary boundary layer height √

m

Variable description Unit Dim

Surface temperature √ K

XYT

Accum. Convective rainfall √ cm

Accum. Non-convective rainfall √ cm

Surface sensible heat flux √ W/m2

Surface latent heat flux √ W/m2

Frictional velocity √ m/s

Surface downward shortwave √ radiation

W/m2

Surface downward longwave √ radiation

W/m2

top outgoing shortwave radiation √ W/m2

top outgoing longwave radiation √

W/m2

2m real temperature √ K

2m water mixing ratio √ Kg/kg

10m U wind component √ m/s

10m V component of wind √ m/s

Monin –Obukov length √ m

Sea surface temperature √ K

METEOROLOGY (IV)

Terrain height, Coriolis, Soil temp, Albedo, Surface moisture,Surface roughness


Meteorological monitoring networkand data availability

JRC Ispra, 7. March 2008

Po Valley: 464 stations:

- Lombardy: 292;

- Veneto: 29;

- Piedmont: 43;

- Emilia-Romagna: 13;

- Trentino-Alto Adige: 84;

- Aosta Valley: 3.

METEOROLOGY (V)

Variables: T2, UV10, dirUV10

Validation: Visualisation Tool



Validation of meteorology

Statistical benchmarksEnvironmental Report: MM5 Performance Evaluation Project,

Matthew T. Johnson, Kirk Baker (2001)

Parameter Gross Error Bias RMSE

Temperature 2 K 0.5 K

Wind Speed 0.5 m/s 2 m/s

Wind Direction 30 deg 10 deg

METEOROLOGY (VI)



Po Valley meteorology, exampleLAMI long-term evaluation: summary, 2006

Parameter RMSE

T 2m 3C (spring/winter)

RH 2mfor Appenine:

overestimation ~20%

Wind Speed ~ 2.5 m/s (Po Valley, winter)

Wind Direction ~ 70 (Po Valley, Appenine)

METEOROLOGY (VII)



Taylor diagram and scatter plots for the annual mean 2 m temperature over all Po Valley stations.

METEOROLOGY (VIII)


RMSE (with the 3 C benchmark) and BIAS (with -0.5 C benchmark) for the annual mean 2 m temperature over all Po Valley stations.


METEOROLOGY (IX)



GE (with the 2 C benchmark) for 2 m temperature for chosen stations (left: Po Valley, right: Lombardy domain).

0

1

2

3

4

Ispra Mantova Cantu Erba Sermide

met station

GE

[C

]

MM5R2 WRF

0

1

2

3

4

Ispra Mantova Cantu Erba Sermide

met station

GE

[C

]

MM5R2 WRF

METEOROLOGY (X)



Taylor diagram and scatter plots for the annual mean 10 m wind speed over all Po Valley stations.

METEOROLOGY (XI)



RMSE (with the 2 m/s benchmark) and BIAS (with the 0.5 m/s benchmark) for the annual mean 10 m wind speed over all Po Valley stations.

METEOROLOGY (XII)



RMSE (with the 2.5 m/s benchmark) for 10 m wind speed (left: winter, right: summer) over all Po Valley stations.

METEOROLOGY (XIII)



Taylor diagram and scatter plots for the annual mean 10 m wind directionover all Po Valley stations.

METEOROLOGY (XIV)



RMSE (with the 70 benchmark and BIAS (with the 10 benchmark) for the annual mean 10 m wind direction over all Po Valley stations.

METEOROLOGY (XV)



GE (with the 30 benchmark) for 10 m wind direction for chosen stations (left: Po Valley, right: Lombardy domain).

0

30

60

90

120

150

Ispra Mantova

met station

GE

[d

egre

e]

MM5R2 WRF

0

30

60

90

120

150

Ispra Mantova

met station

GE

[d

egre

e]

MM5R2 WRF

METEOROLOGY (XVI)



Conclusions:

1. Both MM5 and WRF produce T2 data with quality corresponding to the statistical benchmarks given by Johnson and Baker and in general – better than it is shown in LAMI long term evaluation for Po Valley (but for other year). However temperatures are slightly underestimated.

2. Both models show large overestimation for wind speeds, although MM5 produces lower RMSE and BIAS values. Benchmark for BIAS is exceeded in both cases. However the values correspond to the example of LAMI. Wind direction has been calculated with similar quality as for the wind speed.

3. The quality of the relative humidity calculations corresponds to the example of LAMI.

4. Evaluation work still on-going

5. Comparison with other meteorological drivers is welcome (e.g TRAMPER, ...)

METEOROLOGY (XVII)

Institute for Environment and Sustainability1 Meteorology.

Documents

Transcript of Institute for Environment and Sustainability1 Meteorology.