Earth’s Interior Structure. Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core Layers of the Earth.
Inside the Earth. The Composition of Earth The Earth is divided into three layers… The crust,...
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Transcript of Inside the Earth. The Composition of Earth The Earth is divided into three layers… The crust,...
Inside the Earth
The Composition of Earth• The Earth is divided into three
layers…
• The crust, mantle, and the core based on what each one is made up of.
• The lightest materials make up the outer layer, the densest materials make up the inner layers.
Composition (What it is made of)
• Crust
• Mantle
• Outer
• Core
Inner Core
The Crust• Outer layer
• 5-100 km thick
• 2 types of crust
–Oceanic Composed of basalt (rock)
–Continental composed of granite (rock)
Oceanic vs. Continental Crust• Composition:
granite (Rock)• average thickness
of 40 km.• Temperature= air
temperature to 870°C
Composed of Granite
• Composition: basalt (rock)
• 5-10 km thick • Temperature=
water temperature to 870°C
Composed of Basalt
Oceanic and Continental Crust
Calculating Density…
• Density = Mass / Volume
The Mantle• Composed of mostly
of iron and magnesium
• Thickness: 1800-2900 km thick
• State of matter: upper mantle is solid, lower mantle is liquid
• Temp =870-3700°C
• Density= more dense than the crust
The Mantle…• It is made up mostly of iron and
magnesium, which is very dense. The mantle acts like silly putty or laffy taffy.
• The density ranges from 3.4-4.4 g/cm3
• Temperature=870-3700°C• Lots of Pressure!
The Outer Core• It is composed of
liquid iron and nickel, which causes Earth’s magnetic field.
• It is 2,270 km thick• It is a liquid• Temp: Up to
6,000°C• Density=more dense
than the mantle
Inner Core• Composed of iron and
nickel
• 1216 kilometers thick
• Solid (Due to Pressure)
• Temperature=6,000-7200°C Hotter than the Sun!!
• Density most dense layer of them all
Earth’s Layers
• How are the earth’s layers similar to an egg?
• Shell=crust• Egg white=mantle• Yolk=core
Do you Remember?• 1. What is the difference between
continental and oceanic crust?
• 2. Which layer is the hottest?
• 3. Arrange Earth’s layers from hottest to coolest.
• 4. What layer is the least dense?
• 5. A drilling rig can dig down 6 kilometers. What layer of Earth would you more than likely be in?
Physical Structure of the Earth(5 Layers)
• Lithosphere- crust and rigid outer layer of mantle (upper mantle)
• Asthenosphere- solid rock that flows slowly (like hot asphalt, apart of mantle)
• Mesosphere-The strong, lower part of the mantle.
• Outer Core- liquid layer
• Inner Core- solid, very dense
Tectonic Plates• Earth’s crust is broken into about 19
pieces
• These plates move on top of the asthenosphere