Food safety

Better Training for Safer FoodInitiative

Insects & ABP

hot topic on cold blooded animals

Food safety

Why insects?

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Food safety

Why insects?

• The EU protein gap (>70% food, >80% feed)

• Search ‘novel proteins’ (algae, duckweed, EU soy…)

• European protein plan

• Environmental

• Circularity

• Low-grade to high grade products

• Replacing less-durable feed materials2

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FAO, edible insects:future prospects for food and feed security, 2013,

Food safety

Economic (future) perspective

• Potential sales volume EU:

• >80.000ton if 10% replacement of EU use of fishmeal in aquaculture

• >70.000ton if 1% of total volume of NL broiler feed is replaced (not allowed yet)

• …

• Todays EU production?

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Food safety

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Food safety

Before we start exploringthe legal framework

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Food safety

When are insect ‘farmed animals’?

So if one wants to use products for feed? OF/SI? Technical products? Waste treatment?

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Food safety

• Invertebrates excluded from Animal Welfare Directive 98/58/EC =>NO EU-welfare rules.

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Food safety

Feed FOR

farmed insect

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Food safety

Substrate for insects

• Substrate must meet all requirements as for other feed for farmed animals, including:

• Feedban (animal PROTEIN ban)

• Forbidden feed materials in substrate

• No unprocessed ABP (except for maggots for fishing baits)

• Dir 2002/32 limits contaminants

• Feed hygiene

• Feed marketing…10

Food safety

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Farmed insectRuminant Processed Animal Proteins (PAP), including blood meal

Non-ruminants PAP, excluding blood meal

PAP from farmed insects (no cannibalism)

Blood meal (PAP) from non-ruminants, excluding aquatic animals (= fishmeal)

Fishmeal (PAP) (includes blood meal of aquatic animals)

Blood products from non-ruminants

Blood products from ruminants

Hydrolysed proteins from non-ruminants and/or ruminants hides and skins

Hydrolysed proteins other than those only derived from non-ruminants and/or

ruminants hides and skins

Gelatine and collagen from ruminants

Gelatine and collagen from non-ruminants

Di and tricalcium phosphate of animal origin

Egg, egg products, milk, milk products & colostrum

Animal proteins other than the above mentioned ones

Food safety

Non exhaustive list of not authorized feed materials

• Kitchen waste

• Faeces & digestive tract content

• Former foodstuffs with meat or fish

• Packaging material

• Treated wood

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Food safety

Frass

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Food safety

What is in the frass

• Insect excreta = manure (Cat2)

• Fragments of insects, eggs, larvae (Cat3)

• Undigested substrate (Cat3 or plant origin)

- frass is ABP

- needs processing before use (due to cat 3) 14

Food safety

InsectsAS

feed material

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Food safety

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Does the law allow feeding insects?

• Pre-authorisation like “novel feed”

needed?

• Not for feed materials

• Yes for additives

Food safety

Same as for any feed material (see substrate slide supra)

• They must meet

• Feedban (for insect PROTEIN)

• No unprocessed ABP = dead insects (except for special feeding purposes fur animals)

• Dir 2002/32 limits contaminants

• Feed hygiene

• Feed marketing…

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Food safety

Feed catalogue

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Recently revised Catalogue of feed materials

(Regulation 2017/1017)

• Clarification that processed insects are covered

by the land animal products in chapter 9 (or

aquatic animals in 10) (explicit reference to "…

invertebrates other than species pathogenic to

humans and animals in all their life stages…")

• Mandatory indication of the life stage of the

insect from which the feed material is derived

• Differentiation between insects live and treated

Food safety

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Insect PAP for farmed animals

• List of species

• Methods 1-5 or 7 in dedicated processing

plant

• Harmonized Import health certificate

Hermetia illucens(Black soldier fly )

Musca domestica(common housefly )

Tenebrio molitor(yellow

mealworm)

Alphitobius diaperinus(lesser

mealworm )

Acheta domesticus(house cricket )

Gryllodes sigillatus(banded cricket )

Gryllus assimilis (field

cricket )

Food safety

Can whole (dried) insects be a PAP?

• Yes, when using method 7

• No maximum size

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Food safety

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Extr

act

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RE 9

99/2

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As regards the feedban: living insect can be given to

A. ruminants and non-rumantsB. ruminants, but NOT to non-ruminantsC. NOT to ruminants, but to non-rumantsD. NOT to ruminants and NOT to non-ruminants

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As regards the feedban: living insect can be given to

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ruminants and non-rumants

ruminants, but NOT to non-ruminants

NOT to ruminants, but to non-rumants

NOT to ruminants and NOT to non-ruminants

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Food safety

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Feedban for farmed animals as regards insect feed materials

ruminant Non-ruminant

Aquaculture animals & fishing bait

Fur animals

Insect PAP

Insect Fat

Insect living ? ?

Food safety

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Insects for petfood?

• Petfood with insects => RE 1069/2009 petfood plant

• can use insect fat or PAP of approved cat 3 processing or do heat treatment themselves

Food safety

links

• PROteINSECT project

• http://www.ipiff.org/

• EFSA opinion

https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/1510

08a

• FAO ““Edible insects: future prospects for food

and feed security”

• DG SANTE document: Strategic safety concept

for insects as feed

https://ec.europa.eu/food/sites/food/files/safety/

docs/animal-feed_marketing_concept-

paper_insects_201703.pdf

Food safety

Food safety

Better Training for Safer Food

BTSF

JVL Consulting s.a.

Rue Matagne 15

B-5020 Vedrin

Belgium

Website: http://btsf.euroconsultants.be/

European CommissionConsumers, Health, Agriculture and Food Executive Agency

DRB A3/042L-2920 Luxembourg