BUILDING STRONG®

US Army Corps of Engineers

BUILDING STRONG®

Innovative Technologies for a Resilient

Marine Transportation System

Transportation Research Board

MG John Peabody, P.E.

Deputy Commanding General for

Civil and Emergency Operations,

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

24 June 2014

BUILDING STRONG®

Overview

Importance of MTS

Fiscal and Structural Challenges

Resilience of MTS

Innovative Technologies that Enhance MTS

Resiliency

Gaps and Future

Challenges

2

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Global Agricultural Zones

and the Basis for US Greatness

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U.S. Ports and Inland Waterways:

Vital to our National Economy

•N

Long Beach

Anacortes

Million

Tons

Over 100

50 - 100

25 - 50

10 - 25 Houston

Corpus Christi S. Louisiana

New Orleans

Baton Rouge

Texas City

Lake Charles

Plaquemines Tampa

New York/NJ

Valdez

Beaumont

Lower Delaware

River (9 harbors)

Duluth/Superior

Los Angeles

Port Arthur

St. Louis

Portland

Seattle

Freeport

Huntington

Richmond

Oakland

Tacoma

Boston

Hampton Roads

Port Everglades

Jacksonville

Memphis

Detroit

Cleveland

Savannah

Charleston

Indiana Hbr

Cincinnati

Portland

Two Harbors

Honolulu

Chicago Pittsburgh

Baltimore

Pascagoula

Toledo

Mobile

Matagorda

Kalama

Barbers Pt

2 Billion Tons of

domestic and

import/export

cargo annually

4

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The 20th Century “Golden Age” of

Infrastructure Construction

5

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$0

$2

$4

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$10

$1219

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Bil

lio

ns

of

FY

20

11

Do

lla

rs

Year

Historical Investments by USACE Functional Category 1928 to 2011

Navigation Flood Multipurpose MR&T Dredging

6

~$18.00 per

person in the US!

~$56.00 per

person in the US!

~$70.00 per

person in the US!

BUILDING STRONG®

$-

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

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USACE Capital Stock Value by Functional Category, 1928 to 2011

Navigation Flood Multipurpose MRT Dredging

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Long Term Civil Works Funding Trends:

Changing the Character of the Corps

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

1962

1964

1966

1968

1970

1972

19

74

1976

1978

1980

1982

1984

1986

1988

1990

19

92

1994

1996

1998

2000

20

02

2004

2006

2008

20

10

2012

O&M

Constr

Invest

Appropriation ($Million in 2012 $)

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USACE Civil Works

Construction Backlog

$2 billion

$60 billion

$0

$10

$20

$30

$40

$50

$60

$70

ConstructionFunds

(annual)

USACEBacklog

Billions

Backlog of Congressionally Authorized

Projects by Business Line

Environmental Infrastructure,

5%

Environmental

20%

Navigation -

Ports, 20%

Navigation Inland, 5%

Flood Damage

Reduction, 35%

Shore Protection,

10%

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Watershed-Informed Budget

Development

Methods of Delivery

Deliver Quality Solutions &

Services

Transforming Civil Works

Planning

Moderniz’tion

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Importance of MTS MTS contributes tremendously to US Economy

► In 2006: $2 Trillion, 14% of GDP, 8 Million jobs

World-wide disruptions can affect U.S. ports

tremendously

► 1995: Kobe, Japan earthquake caused US $50-100 B

► 2002: 11-day Labor Strike on the

west coast cost $2 Bill/day

► 2005: Hurricane Katrina

reduced U.S. vessels by 50%

► 2008: Hurricanes Gustav & Ike Ike cost

U.S. $322 M/day

► 2008: Miss. River Oil spill on

cost $275K / Day

► 2012: Super Storm Sandy

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Oil skimmers on Miss. River

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Resilience of the MTS

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A resilient Marine Transportation System

prepares, resists, recovers, and adapts to

successfully function under the stress of

disturbances.

Successful Functioning of

the MTS means safely

transporting required

tonnage between ports in

least time at least cost

Disturbances can be

natural (storms, floods, sea

level rise earthquakes)

anthropogenic (oil spill,

fuel embargo, terrorism)

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How is the MTS Resilient?

13

Prepare:

Electronic Navigation Charts:

Rapid & accurate channel surveys

Dredging:

• Over-depth dredging anticipating

future shoaling

• Preparing for post-Panamax

vessels

• Placement of sediment to buffer

against future storms

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How is the MTS Resilient?

14

Resist:

Locks and Dams:

• Multiple Lock

chambers

• Improved Materials /

Sensors

Coastal Jetties:

• Reduce navigation channel

infilling

• Improve navigability by

reducing waves, currents

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How is the MTS Resilient?

15

Recover:

Emergency Dredging

Operations: Restore

navigable depth

Alternative Ports:

Facilitate functioning

during downtime

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How is the MTS Resilient?

16

Adapt:

Dredging: Deepening

for post-Panamax

vessels

Aids to Navigation:

Reposition ATON to mark

safe passages

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Evaluating Resiliency:

Identify Critical Features of the

MTS

17

S

E

I Infrastructure

Environment

Safety and

Security

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Evaluating Resiliency:

Identify Performance Metrics

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S

E

I

C T $

Successful Operation:

C

T $

Disturbance:

S E

I

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A Resilient MTS

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C

T $

Low Resiliency:

S

E I

C T $

S

E I

With Resilient Measures:

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Innovative Research & Development

Prepare:

Gilgo Beach area of Jones Beach

Island Post-Sandy

Monitoring System Performance Measuring System Vulnerabilities

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Resist:

Real-Time Monitoring Situational Awareness

Innovative Research & Development

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Recover:

Innovative Materials

Nearshore Dredged Berms

Innovative Research & Development

Entrance to

Tampa Bay,

FL

Nearshore Berm

Egmont Key

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Engineering With Nature …the intentional alignment of natural and

engineering processes to efficiently and

sustainably deliver economic,

environmental and social benefits through

collaborative processes.

Science and engineering that produces

operational efficiencies

Using natural process to maximum benefit

Expanding the benefits provided by

projects

Science-based collaboration

Adapt:

Innovative Research & Development

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Gaps in Innovative

Technologies Innovative materials to achieve more robust, rapid repairs

Novel dredging & placement capabilities

Linkages between MTS, rail, road, air

Systems optimization of ports, waterways, and operations

Future of Navigation data access

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Snapshot of vessel traffic in vicinity of

Houston , TX to Calcasieu Pass, LA

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BIG Unknowns

Climate Change ► Changes in precipitation patterns, sea level, lake level

Arctic Routes ► Change in transportation patterns – Suez vs. Panama

Canals

Increased Environmental Controls ► Carbon emissions, air quality standards, dredging and

placement operations

Dredging and Placement Efficiencies ► Substantial demands on innovative placement

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BUILDING STRONG®

The Challenge for the 3rd

Biennial R&D Conference Identify the primary

disturbances facing

successful operation of the

MTS now and in 20 years

Determine priority areas for

R&D and technology to

enhance MTS resilience

now and in 20 years

Quantify and Track MTS

Resilience Performance

26

Resilient MTS

Prepare

Resist

Recover

Adapt

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