Innovative Approaches to Innovative Approaches to Wildlife/Highway InteractionsWildlife/Highway Interactions

TerminologyTerminology

CommunicationCommunication

Complex challenges require complex Complex challenges require complex answersanswers

We need all the skills and innovation We need all the skills and innovation from ALL of youfrom ALL of you

……but let’s be able to but let’s be able to understandunderstand each othereach other

Professional JargonProfessional Jargon

Engineers and biologists have Engineers and biologists have

different jargondifferent jargon

We assume everybody else We assume everybody else

understands itunderstands it

Professional JargonProfessional Jargon

EngineersEngineers work with objective, concrete work with objective, concrete

concepts, and frequently well-concepts, and frequently well-

substantiated datasubstantiated data

BiologistsBiologists work with subjective, work with subjective,

abstract concepts, and uncertain data abstract concepts, and uncertain data

with many qualifierswith many qualifiers

Crossing StructuresCrossing Structures

Two basic categories:Two basic categories: Structure crosses over the crittersStructure crosses over the critters The critters cross over the structureThe critters cross over the structure

Wildlife Crosses Wildlife Crosses OVEROVER the the TrafficTraffic

Wildlife OvercrossingsWildlife Overcrossings TunnelsTunnels

Wildlife OvercrossingWildlife Overcrossing

Wildlife OvercrossingWildlife Overcrossing

Cumberland Cumberland Gap TunnelGap Tunnel

Cars drive Cars drive through the through the mountainmountain

Habitat remains Habitat remains intact aboveintact above

Wildlife Crosses Wildlife Crosses UNDERUNDER the the TrafficTraffic

Generalized term: UNDERPASSGeneralized term: UNDERPASS Two types of underpassesTwo types of underpasses

BridgeBridge CulvertCulvert

Single Span BridgeSingle Span Bridge

ViaductViaduct

CulvertsCulverts(Wildlife Crosses (Wildlife Crosses UNDERUNDER the Traffic) the Traffic)

Three general typesThree general types Box CulvertBox Culvert Culvert (Continuous)Culvert (Continuous) Bottomless CulvertBottomless Culvert

Box CulvertsBox Culverts

Box CulvertBox Culvert

Culvert (Continuous)Culvert (Continuous)

Culvert (Continuous)Culvert (Continuous)

Slotted Slotted Drain Drain

CulvertCulvert Shawnee Shawnee

NFNF For For

rattlesnakesrattlesnakes

Bottomless CulvertsBottomless Culverts

Bottomless culvertBottomless culvert

RISE

SPAN

LENGTH is perpendicular to road

BarriersBarriers

Used to divert or stop movementUsed to divert or stop movement

FenceFence

Fence (Arizona)Fence (Arizona)

Fence (Florida)Fence (Florida)

Boulder Fence for ElkBoulder Fence for Elk

Jersey BarrierJersey Barrier

Barriers: Cuts, Jersey BarriersBarriers: Cuts, Jersey Barriers

Barrier: Sound WallBarrier: Sound Wall

Barrier: Barrier: Retaining wall Retaining wall

Escape StructuresEscape Structures

Used to allow animals trapped on Used to allow animals trapped on the roadway a way to escapethe roadway a way to escape

Two main typesTwo main types Escape RampEscape Ramp

One-way GateOne-way Gate

Some work better than othersSome work better than others

Escape RampEscape Ramp

Escape Ramp Escape Ramp

Escape Ramp (from bottom)Escape Ramp (from bottom)

SAND

One-way GateOne-way Gate

One-way Gates: One-way Gates: About 8 times less effective About 8 times less effective

than Escape Rampsthan Escape Ramps

Terminology ActivityTerminology Activity