Information Technology for Facilities Management

Omer Dawelbeit, iNetria [email protected]

Ltd. © 2010

http://www.inetria.co.uk/

Why use Technology in FMWhy use Technology in FM Efficient collaboration between the participants in the FM Efficient collaboration between the participants in the FM

function.function. Automated facility monitoring. Automated facility monitoring. More efficient space utilization.More efficient space utilization. Improved project planning.Improved project planning. Fast and accurate reporting.Fast and accurate reporting. Streamlined and improved processes.Streamlined and improved processes. Improved disaster planning capabilities.Improved disaster planning capabilities. Data standardization across the organisation. Data standardization across the organisation. Integration with existing systems and processes.Integration with existing systems and processes.

What is collaboration technologyWhat is collaboration technology

A A combination of combination of technologiestechnologies that that together create a single shared interface together create a single shared interface between two or more interested individuals between two or more interested individuals ((peoplepeople), enabling them to participate in a ), enabling them to participate in a creative creative processprocess in which they share their in which they share their collective skills, expertise, understanding of collective skills, expertise, understanding of knowledge (knowledge (informationinformation), and thereby ), and thereby jointly deliver the best solution that meets jointly deliver the best solution that meets their common goal(s). [Wilkinson 2005]their common goal(s). [Wilkinson 2005]

The need for FM collaboration The need for FM collaboration technologytechnology

Information sharing is not easy without the technology.Information sharing is not easy without the technology.

Adapted from [Wilkinson 2005]

The need for FM collaboration The need for FM collaboration technologytechnology

The technology offers a more efficient and less complex The technology offers a more efficient and less complex way to manage communications.way to manage communications.

Adapted from [Wilkinson 2005]

Total Facilities Management IS Total Facilities Management IS PlatformsPlatforms

Difficulty of integrating FM IS platforms with existing Difficulty of integrating FM IS platforms with existing enterprise (finance systems) and other intelligent enterprise (finance systems) and other intelligent facilities systems.facilities systems.

The complexity of developing an FM IS system that The complexity of developing an FM IS system that interfaces with diverse systems such as:interfaces with diverse systems such as:

Computer Aided Facilities Management (CAFM) Computer Aided Facilities Management (CAFM) systems.systems.

Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems.Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems.

Building Information Models (BIM).Building Information Models (BIM).

Computerized Maintenance Management System.Computerized Maintenance Management System.

The ChallengesThe Challenges

Total Facilities Management IS Total Facilities Management IS PlatformsPlatforms

Collaborators represent fundamentally different Collaborators represent fundamentally different professions who hold different goals, objectives, and professions who hold different goals, objectives, and even beliefs.even beliefs.

Difficulty of supporting data exchange, information Difficulty of supporting data exchange, information sharing and interoperability between the various sharing and interoperability between the various contractors and participants in the FM function.contractors and participants in the FM function.

Not all the FM requirements can be incorporated in one Not all the FM requirements can be incorporated in one platform.platform.

Majority of FM software providers are not keeping pace Majority of FM software providers are not keeping pace with the latest technologies.with the latest technologies.

The ChallengesThe Challenges

The enabler for collaboration & IntegrationThe enabler for collaboration & Integration

Source http://www.telegeography.comSource The Opte project http://www.opte.org/maps/

The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible series of interconnected The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible series of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the Internet Protocol (IP). Internet Protocol (IP).

It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and government networks.academic, business, and government networks.

Carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online Carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, videos, voice, web pages and other resources of the chat, file transfer, videos, voice, web pages and other resources of the World Wide Web (WWW).World Wide Web (WWW).

The InternetThe InternetThe InternetThe Internet

The Internet EvolutionThe Internet Evolution

InternetInternet

connect

wwwwww

HostingHosting

conn

e

ct

ApplicationsApplications

Standalone ApplicationsStandalone Applications

No or very limited Collaboration or Integration

Capability

Client-Server ApplicationsClient-Server Applications

Client PCs

Database Server

User Interface and Applications Layers

Database Layer

Client-Server ApplicationsClient-Server ApplicationsAdvantages:Advantages: Thick client user interface provides the richness, interactivity and Thick client user interface provides the richness, interactivity and

responsiveness required by the usersresponsiveness required by the users Fast access to the applications as they are available on the local Fast access to the applications as they are available on the local

machinemachine Users can still continue to use the applications even if there is an Users can still continue to use the applications even if there is an

outage on the networkoutage on the network

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Cost involved in developing applications that work on different OS Cost involved in developing applications that work on different OS

(Operating Systems) and hardware.(Operating Systems) and hardware. Cost involved in maintaining the distributed applications and rolling Cost involved in maintaining the distributed applications and rolling

out patches & updates.out patches & updates.Client PCs

Database Server

User Interface and Applications Layers

Database Layer

Web ApplicationsWeb Applications

Client PCs

Database Server

User Interface LayerThin Clients

Database Layer

Application Server

Application Layer

Web Server

Web ApplicationsWeb ApplicationsAdvantages:Advantages: Access to the framework can be done using any PC with a web Access to the framework can be done using any PC with a web

browser and Internet / Intranet access. It is even possible to access browser and Internet / Intranet access. It is even possible to access the framework using PDAs or mobile devices from sites.the framework using PDAs or mobile devices from sites.

Web application is lightweight rich, responsive and interactive.Web application is lightweight rich, responsive and interactive. No updates or software installs are required on the client PCsNo updates or software installs are required on the client PCs Maintaining the application server and the user interface is easy as Maintaining the application server and the user interface is easy as

it is centralized.it is centralized.

Disadvantages:Disadvantages: Centralised web / application server means any outages will impact Centralised web / application server means any outages will impact

all users, however this can be overcome with a backup server, all users, however this can be overcome with a backup server, which comes to action if the main server goes downwhich comes to action if the main server goes down

Client PCs

Database Server

User Interface LayerThin Clients

Database Layer

Application Server

Application Layer

Web Server

Web 2.0Web 2.0

Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_2.0

Web 2.0 is the Web 2.0 is the network as platform, network as platform, spanning all connected devices; Web spanning all connected devices; Web 2.0 applications are those that make 2.0 applications are those that make the most of the intrinsic advantages the most of the intrinsic advantages of that platform: of that platform: delivering software delivering software as a continually-updated service as a continually-updated service that that gets better the more people use it, gets better the more people use it, consuming and remixing data from consuming and remixing data from multiple sourcesmultiple sources, including individual , including individual users, while providing their own data users, while providing their own data and services in a form that allows and services in a form that allows remixing by others, creating network remixing by others, creating network effects through an "effects through an "architecture of architecture of participationparticipation," and going beyond the ," and going beyond the page metaphor of Web 1.0 to page metaphor of Web 1.0 to deliver deliver rich user experiencesrich user experiences.[O'Reilly .[O'Reilly 2005]2005]

Duality of the WebDuality of the Web

Source: http://www.jjg.net/ia/Jesse James Garrett

Rich Internet Applications (RIAs)Rich Internet Applications (RIAs)

RIAs were born out of Web 2.0 concepts and the RIAs were born out of Web 2.0 concepts and the evolution of traditional Web applications.evolution of traditional Web applications.

RIAs are web applications that have the features and RIAs are web applications that have the features and functionality of traditional desktop applications. functionality of traditional desktop applications.

RIAs typically run in a web browser, or do not require RIAs typically run in a web browser, or do not require software installationsoftware installation

Source [Dawelbeit 2008] Source [http://www.fsi.co.uk/digital-dashboard-mid-32.html]

Types of RIAsTypes of RIAs

Ajax Based RIAsAjax Based RIAs

Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) isn’t a technology. It’s really several technologies, each flourishing in its own right, coming together in powerful new ways. Ajax incorporates DHTML, XHTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOM

Advantages of RIAsAdvantages of RIAs Usability – Rich GUIUsability – Rich GUI Flexibility – MDI Multi-taskingFlexibility – MDI Multi-tasking Interactivity – Instant feedbackInteractivity – Instant feedback Offline mode support.Offline mode support. Responsiveness – Timely response to Responsiveness – Timely response to

user’s actionsuser’s actions

• 0.1 second is about the limit for having the user feel that the system is reacting instantaneously

• 1.0 second is about the limit for the user's flow of thought to stay uninterrupted

• 10 seconds is about the limit for keeping the user's attention focused on the dialogue.

Internet Hosting & ComputingInternet Hosting & Computing Shared and dedicated server hosting have been around Shared and dedicated server hosting have been around

since the late 1990s.since the late 1990s.

Software as a service (SaaS) a model of software Software as a service (SaaS) a model of software deployment whereby a provider licenses an application deployment whereby a provider licenses an application to customers for use as a service on demand has to customers for use as a service on demand has emerged and gained momentum in 2001.emerged and gained momentum in 2001.

Cloud Computing a style of computing in which Cloud Computing a style of computing in which dynamically scalable and often virtualised resources are dynamically scalable and often virtualised resources are provided as a service over the Internet has emerged in provided as a service over the Internet has emerged in 2008.2008.

Cloud Computing utilizes many concepts such as SaaS, Cloud Computing utilizes many concepts such as SaaS, virtual and utility computing and seems to be the future.virtual and utility computing and seems to be the future.

Provider include Amazon Web Service, Google App Provider include Amazon Web Service, Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure, SalesForce.com.Engine, Microsoft Azure, SalesForce.com.

Internet ConnectivityInternet Connectivity Internet connectivity and infrastructure have greatly Internet connectivity and infrastructure have greatly

evolved in the past few years from narrow band evolved in the past few years from narrow band dial up access to fixed and mobile broadband dial up access to fixed and mobile broadband access.access.

IPv6, Gigabit Ethernet (LAN), fibre optics and radio IPv6, Gigabit Ethernet (LAN), fibre optics and radio telecoms (WAN) have advanced greatly. telecoms (WAN) have advanced greatly.

Consumer and business Internet access has Consumer and business Internet access has moved towards broadband connectivitymoved towards broadband connectivity

In the UK the following speeds are available to both In the UK the following speeds are available to both businesses and consumers:businesses and consumers:

• Cable Broadband through Cable TV – up to Cable Broadband through Cable TV – up to 20Mbit/s20Mbit/s

• DSL through phone line – up to 24Mbit/sDSL through phone line – up to 24Mbit/s

• Mobile broadband through 3G – up to 7.2Mbit/sMobile broadband through 3G – up to 7.2Mbit/s

Technology Hype CycleTechnology Hype Cycle

Source http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hype_cycle

New technologies are over hyped by the media and New technologies are over hyped by the media and businesses.businesses.

A hype cycle is a graphic representation of the maturity, A hype cycle is a graphic representation of the maturity, adoption and business application of specific adoption and business application of specific technologies.technologies.

Technology Hype Cycle - 2006Technology Hype Cycle - 2006

Source http://www.gartner.com/

The FutureThe Future Semantic Web Semantic Web (sometimes referred to as Web 3.0) the (sometimes referred to as Web 3.0) the

meaning of data can be discovered by computers. This meaning of data can be discovered by computers. This envisaged data web would allow software (e.g. envisaged data web would allow software (e.g. intelligent agents) to find, process and associate data intelligent agents) to find, process and associate data from across the web to accomplish user goals. from across the web to accomplish user goals.

The Semantic Web offers new opportunities for the The Semantic Web offers new opportunities for the next generation of collaborative applications: it provides next generation of collaborative applications: it provides a novel means to classify information items i.e. by a novel means to classify information items i.e. by means of ontologies which formally represent the means of ontologies which formally represent the consensual understanding of the application users consensual understanding of the application users w.r.t. a particular domain of interest. Taking advantage w.r.t. a particular domain of interest. Taking advantage of this technology, the first promising implementations of this technology, the first promising implementations of Semantic Web-based collaboration platforms such of Semantic Web-based collaboration platforms such as Semantic Web portals, semantic Wikis and blogs, to as Semantic Web portals, semantic Wikis and blogs, to name only a few, have been proposed. [http://stoc.ag-name only a few, have been proposed. [http://stoc.ag-nbi.de/]nbi.de/]

ReferencesReferences Atkin, B. & Brooks, A. (2009). Total Facilities Management. 3Atkin, B. & Brooks, A. (2009). Total Facilities Management. 3rdrd ed. ed.

Blackwell Publishing.Blackwell Publishing.

Dawelbeit, O. (2008). Development of Rich Internet Application for Dawelbeit, O. (2008). Development of Rich Internet Application for Office Management System. MSc Dissertation at University of Office Management System. MSc Dissertation at University of Reading. URL: Reading. URL: http://dawelbeit.info/development-of-rich-internet-application-for-offichttp://dawelbeit.info/development-of-rich-internet-application-for-office-management-system/e-management-system/

Garrett, J. J. (2002). The Elements of User Experience: User Garrett, J. J. (2002). The Elements of User Experience: User Centered Design for the Web. New Riders Press.Centered Design for the Web. New Riders Press.

Sun, M. & Howard, R. (2004). Understanding I.T. in Construction. Sun, M. & Howard, R. (2004). Understanding I.T. in Construction. Spon Press, Taylor & Francis.Spon Press, Taylor & Francis.

Wilkinson, P. (2005). Construction Collaboration Technologies the Wilkinson, P. (2005). Construction Collaboration Technologies the Extranet Evolution. Taylor & Francis.Extranet Evolution. Taylor & Francis.

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