FACILITIES SERVICES SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING · Facilities Services (FS) Computer & Network Support...

...making IT easy to be green

FACILITIES SERVICES SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING

Contents: Welcome 1 Pop Quiz 2 What Is Sustainable Computing? 3 Introduction 3 Power:

Energy Usage Facts Computer Power Conservation

4-7

Waste: Waste Reduction Computers Batteries Cell Phones, Pagers, Palm Pilots Toner / Ink Cartridges CDs/DVDs

8-11

Purchasing 12

Thin Client Pilot 13

Education 14-15

Goals 16

Conclusion 17

...making IT easy to be green...making IT easy to be green

We are all confronted with the combined challenges of climate change and sustainable development. Many organizations at the university, led by the Utilities & Energy Management team, are working to reduce energy consumption and to purchase or create renewable energy resources. Facilities Services (FS) Computer & Network Support (CNS) would like to do our part by considering the negative impact information technology (IT) has on the environment throughout its lifecycle: from purchasing to power to use to disposal. To quote former Cornell president Jeffrey Lehman, “Sustainability problems have a characteristic structure. They require some form of adaptive innovation, some form of substitute approach, to be developed and implemented before time runs out.” The FS Sustainable Computing Committee has investigated the direct and indirect impact of IT on our environment and has developed programs, policies, and initiatives to mediate some of the challenges posed. This guide describes our vision and outlines our plans. We encourage everyone in Facilities Services to join us to create a more sustainable future. Sincerely, The FS Sustainable Computing Committee Debra Howell, Chair Michael Baker Jocelyn Becraft Wendy Franzese Juliet Hendricks Tom Horton

WELCOME

Cornell will “do everything within its ability, consistent with the university’s obligations for teaching, research, service and extension, to implement the Kyoto Protocol standards and to issue a regular report on our progress.”

– Hal Craft, former vice president for administration

Page 4 FACILITIES SERVICES SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING Page 1

1. D 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. F 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. F 12. B 13. A 14. C BONUS: “nothing”

1. According to Harvard’s Campus Energy Reduction Program, how many metric tons of CO2 do 1,000 desktop computers left on for one year emit into the atmosphere?

A. Less than one B. 6.8 C. 68 D. 690

2. How many 2006 4WD Ford Expedition SUV’s driving an average distance per year would it take to emit the same amount of CO2?

A. 63 B. 185 C. 496 D. 1,110

3. About how many trees would it take to offset those emissions?

A. 3,000 B. 30,000 C. 300,000 D. More than 500,000

4. The electric bill for running 1,000 personal computers for one year would amount to how much?

A. $115,000 B. $35,000 C. $15,000 D. $9,500

5. TRUE or FALSE: Computers use more energy turning on and off than they would if you just kept them running for several hours.

MATCH the application to the percentage of U.S. electricity consumption that it accounts for: 6. Computing 7. Motor drives 8. Lighting 9. Other

A. 50 B. 20 C. 15 D. 15

10. According to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, office equipment consumes what percentage of all electricity used in the united States?

A. <1 B. 3 C. 12 D. 25

11. TRUE or FALSE One average-size power plant could have supplied all the energy consumed by U.S. data centers in the year 2000.

MATCH each energy-saving technique below to the unintended negative consequence it creates:

12. Switching from CRT to flat-panel LDC monitors

13.Consolidating servers into fewer, higher-powered machines

14. Purchasing a laptop instead of a desktop

A. Significantly increases power consumption

B. Creates millions of tons of toxic waste

C. None BONUS QUESTION: According to Mark Twain, what is a “person without energy”?

SCORECARD

0-5 correct Low voltage

6-10 correct Sustainable power

11-15 correct Circuit breaker!

By: Scott Berinato, www.cio.com, June 1, 2006

TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE Pop Quiz for Concerned Polluters

Dirty, Hungry IT

Answers

Page 2 FACILITIES SERVICES SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING

Lead Story Headli ne

. . . making IT easy to be green

Sustainable Computing is a principle that embraces a range of policies, procedures, programs, and attitudes that run the length and breadth of any use of information technologies. It is a holistic approach that stretches from power to waste to purchasing to education and is a life-cycle management approach to the deployment of IT across an organization. The concept of Sustainable Computing considers total cost of ownership, the total environmental impact, and the total benefit of technology systems.

What is Sustainable Computing?What is Sustainable Computing?

The core idea of sustainability is that current generations should meet their own needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs.

The specific aims of global sustainability, as defined by the Kyoto Protocol, can be summarized as follows:

• To reduce global resource extraction by half

• To decouple resource use from economic growth

• To increase the efficiency of primary resource use

• To decrease energy requirements by 4 to 10 fold

The goals of our sustainable computing initiatives in Facilities Services focus on reducing our overall costs and reducing our environmental footprint. We are working towards reducing, reusing, and recycling by centering our initiatives in the areas of power, waste, purchasing, and education. On the following pages, we will describe in detail our policies, programs, and procedures and their benefits – both business and environmental. We invite you to follow our footsteps and partner with us to create a more sustainable computing environment in Facilities Services.

INTRODUCTION

Page 3

These days with power consumption and costs on the rise, saving energy is becoming a larger issue. Whether the goal is to protect the bottom line or to be environmentally conscientious, there are a multitude of ways to save energy by adjusting settings on PCs, printers, and peripherals.

The chart below contains data collected using a Dent Instruments PlugLogger configured to display usage in watts. We looked at a number of computing devices typically found in most offices.

Device Off/Standby

Power-Save Idle In Use

Laser Printer - HP 4050N 0 17 19 460

Monitor - Dell 17" LCD 1 2 31 31

Monitor - Dell 17" CRT 0 1 50 50

Desktop - Dell GX 280 1 73 85 144

Desktop - Dell GX 240 3 41 46 82

Desktop - Dell GX 110 4 22 30 47

Laptop - Dell D610 w/ Dock 1 15 25 47

Laptop - Dell C640 w/ Dock 3 18 27 50

HP 3970 Scanner 0 9 9 18

Speakers w/ Subwoofer 0 6 6 13

POWERPOWER

. . . using less energy depletes fuel at a lower rate, creates less pollution, and means less counterbalancing energy usage (for example, when the heat gen-erated by a computer requires more air conditioning to yield a bearable work environment).

Energy Usage FactsEnergy Usage Facts

For Comparison:

typical power

consumption of

common

household items

Washing machine 512 w

Color TV 286 w

Vacuum Cleaner 630 w

Dishwasher 1201 w

Microwave oven 1450 w

Range - Oven 12,200 w

Toaster Oven 1,550 w

• Desktop power usage appears to increase by 35 to 45% every two years

• Peripherals can account for 10% or more of a desktop’s energy usage

• Laser printers use a significant amount of energy while printing

• LCD monitors use 40% less energy than equivalent-sized CRTs

Quick Facts

Table: Power usage of various computer equipment in watts.


POWERPOWER Computer Power ConservationComputer Power Conservation

Desktops and Laptops consume significant amounts of energy and many of these devices are left on 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Over the course of a year, that usage can add up. The table below gives two examples of the costs associated with leaving a laptop or a desktop powered on and idle for an entire year. When these devices are in use (such as watching a DVD, browsing the internet, or playing games) the energy usage roughly doubles.

Device Idle Usage Electric Usage / year Financial Cost

Environmental Cost (Carbon

Dioxide)

Dell 3.4Ghz Desktop w/ 17" LCD 85 Watts 744 kWHrs $82 580 lbs

Dell D610 2.0Ghz Laptop 25 Watts 219 Watts $24 170 lbs

1. Cost based on $0.11/kWhr for 2005/06 2. CO2 emissions based on 0.78/lbs CO2/kWh from NYSEG in 2005

The most obvious way to reduce the energy usage of these devices is to turn them off when they are not in use. We find that many users leave these devices on over night out of convenience.

If the entire Cornell staff, faculty and student population (~32,000 people) had desktops powered on 24/7, it would cost the university a little over $2.6 million in energy costs and generate over 18.5 million pounds of carbon dioxide every year. Significant cost and environmental savings could be realized by turning off these machines when they are idle.

. . . making IT easy to be green Page 5

A typical workstation consists of energy eating devices such as a computer, monitor, and any number of peripherals. For example, in Facilities Services, a standard set-up might consist of a Dell Optiplex GX280 desktop, Dell 17" CRT monitor, keyboard, mouse, speakers and a scanner.

Such a configuration when left turned on and idle, would consume 150 watts per hour or 3.6kWhrs every day or $1,143 per year.

More Quick Facts

Power Down

When you

leave for the

day, PLEASE

TURN OFF all

electronic

devices

including:

Computers

Monitors

Printers

Copiers

Scanners

1. Open "Display" under your Windows Control Panel.

2. Select the "Screen Saver" tab at the top of the Display Properties window.

3. Select the "Power..." button at the bottom of the “Screen Saver” tab.

4. Suggested Settings:

Turn off monitor: After 15 mins

Turn off hard disks: After 15 mins

System standby: Never

Computer Power ConservationComputer Power Conservation

POWERPOWER

In addition to turning your computer off at night, adjusting your Power Options settings will help you conserve power during the day. Below you will find instructions on adjusting the power saving features on Windows platforms.

Laptop Users: There may be two sets of power saving options: one for when the device is plugged in and one when the device is running on batteries. You should adjust the "on batteries" setting with timeouts equal to or less than when plugged in.

Note: System Standby has been known to cause occasional problems and data loss when a device comes out of standby. We suggest that you use this feature with caution.

Turning on the Power Save Features in Windows


POWERPOWER Computer Power ConservationComputer Power Conservation


1. Click on the Apple in the top left corner and select "System Preferences"

2. Select the "Energy Saver" icon in the Hardware section

3. Suggested Settings:

Put the computer to sleep when it is inactive for: Never Put the display to sleep when the computer is inactive for: After 15 mins Check put the hard disk(s) to sleep when possible

Turning on the Power Save Features on a Mac


WASTE WASTE Waste Reduction Waste Reduction -- Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

. . . by using what we have already extracted from the planet more efficiently, and reusing it where we can, we can reduce our primary resource requirements.

Computers

One of the primary goals of the sustainable computing initiative is to re-use 95% of all turned-over FS computers. This is accomplished by making them available to staff to purchase for home use, selling them to another campus department, or donating them to local non-profit organizations.

We have put into place a triage system for disposal of used FS computers. If the computer is still viable for business use within FS, it will be redeployed within the organization. If it does not meet the standards for business use, it may still be utilized as a home computer for basic web browsing and email. If this is the case, the computer will be made available for purchase by staff or another department. Only after the computer not claimed by anyone at Cornell will it be made available to a local non-profit, such

as the Computer All-Star program at the Ithaca Youth Bureau.

Before being turned over to a new owner, all FS computers will have their data erased and all licensed software removed.

GOAL

CNS will

re-use 95%

of all turned-

over FS

computers.

They may be

purchased by

staff for

home use,

purchased by

another

department,

or donated to

a local

non-profit.

CNS will also help with “retired” home computers. CNS has diskettes/cds available to erase your system. If the computer is suitable for re-use with a non-profit group, please bring it to the CNS office. If the computer does not meet the requirements for reuse with a non-profit group, please recycle it at the Tompkins County Solid Waste Department.

Home Computers



Batteries We are expanding upon the battery recycling program already in place here at Cornell. The following batteries are currently recycled:

• Lead acid • Nickel cadmium • Lithium oxide • Lithium ion • Mercury • Alkaline • Cell phone batteries • Video camera batteries

Please recycle your batteries from home and the office! The Computer & Network Support group will be collecting the batteries from the following locations and sending them on to the Grounds Department Recycling group: Humphreys Basement Lock Shop CNS Mechanical Shop Office PDC Shops Break Room PDC Shops Copier Area Humphreys 1st Floor 107 Kitchenette 102 Copier Room Utilities/HR Copier Room Vending Area Humphreys 2nd Floor ENG Kitchen

104 Maple Ave Copier Area

Palm Road PDC Warehouse Carpenter/Paint Shop Offices Pipe Shop Multi Trade Shop 172 EHP - Programming Services 180 EHP - ECO


We are partnering with CollectiveGood, a company that generates funds for charities through cell phone, pager, and palm pilot recycling. CollectiveGood participates in the EPA WasteWise program, and is a national level sponsor of the Plug into e-cycling program.

These devices contain hazardous materials such as mercury, cadmium, nickel and gallium arsenide that contaminate our environment if discarded in landfills. Phones donated to this program are kept out of landfills and are either refurbished and sold or scrapped for parts or recycled according to EPA standards. FS has chosen to support the Sierra Club (www.sierraclub.org) and Earth Share (www.earthshare.org) through the funds raised from cell phone sales.

If you have an old cell phone, pager, or palm pilot sitting on a shelf or in a drawer, bring it in and leave it in the collection box in the CNS office or send it via campus mail. All Facilities Services owned equipment will automatically be donated to the program.

What happens to the phones after they are sent to CollectiveGood?

• Help People In The Developing World CollectiveGood refurbishes your donated phones to be sold in the developing world. A supply of refurbished phones makes first-time phone ownership affordable for many citizens, helping bridge the digital divide, improving the local economies and quality of life throughout the region.

• Phones Are Sold To Raise Funds Proceeds from the sale will be used by the charity we have selected to further their missions, essentially converting idle mobile phones into good deeds.

• Recycling Phones that cannot be reused will be recycled for their metals and plastics in accordance with federal and local environmental standards.


Bring in your

old cell

phone, pager,

or palm pilot

and leave it

in the

collection

box in the

CNS office,

or send it via

campus mail.

Cell Phones, Pagers, and Palm Pilots

If all of this

seems like too

much trouble,

contact CNS

and we will set

up an ink jet

and toner

cartridge

collection site

in your office .

Purchasing WASTE WASTE Waste Reduction Waste Reduction -- Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Office Depot Office Depot will give you a free ream (500 sheets) of recycled copy paper or $3 towards your next purchase for each ink or toner cartridge you bring in. Limited to one per customer per day.

www.community.officedepot.com/environment.asp

FS Grounds Department Pre-addressed, postage-paid envelopes are available from Walt Smithers (254-1666 or [email protected]) for recycling ink jet printer cartridges. Simply place a cartridge in the envelope and drop it in campus mail.

Starlight Starbright Childrens Foundation For each ink-jet cartridge returned, Starlight Starbright will receive a $2 donation.

www.starlight.org/recycling Staples

Staples will donate $3 directly to your school for every eligible ink or toner cartridge you return or give you a $3 coupon towards your next purchase.

www.staplesrecyclefored.com/overview.html

HP Cartridges

Check inside cartridge boxes for return materials or order postage-paid return shipping materials.

http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/globalcitizenship/environment/recycle/index.html

Inkjet or Toner Cartridges Leave your used ink or toner cartridges in the CNS collection area, Humphreys B03, or start your own initiative. There are many choices for ink jet printer cartridge recycling:


Used CD’s and DVD’s should be recycled, too. Regular discs contain polycarbonate plastic and aluminum. These are both recyclable materials. Recordable CD-R's have about 20mg of gold that can be recovered.

Drop discs off in the collection bin in CNS. The discs will be shredded and recycled.

CD/DVD Recycling

Purchasing PURCHASING It’s Easy Buying Green

Computers we currently purchase: Latitude D420

Latitude D620

Latitude D820

Optiplex GX620

… economic growth is normally proportional to the amount of resources [a company uses up] and the degree to which it pollutes the environment. There are ways of growing that do not have these negative side-effects.

Facilities Services purchases computers and laptops exclusively from Dell. Dell designs and engineers its products to help prevent pollution and conserve natural resources throughout the system's life. Reducing the environmental impact of Dell products begins at the design stage. Cross-functional product design teams work to make thoughtful and effective decisions that will have positive environmental results throughout the equipment’s life cycle.

RoHS, the Restriction of Hazardous Wastes Directive, restricts the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, Chromium VI, PBB (flame retardant), and PBDE (flame retardant) materials in electronic equipment.

Energy Star® is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy to protect the environment through energy efficient products and practices. There are strict guidelines that must be met and only a limited percentage of products are accepted into the program.

Visit www.energystar.gov for more information.

EPEAT, the Electronics Products Environmental Assessment Tool, is an environmental procurement tool designed to help institutional purchasers compare and select desktop computers, laptops and monitors based on their environmental attributes. Dell products are recognized for environmental achievement by EPEAT. For more information about EPEATs criteria and rankings, visit www.EPEAT.net.

Computers still in service and supported: Latitude D410

Latitude D610

Latitude D810

Lead-Free and Energy Star Compliant monitors:

All dell 17” and 19” Flat-Panel Monitors

Other Lead-Free Peripherals

All Dell Keyboards

All Dell mice


The systems we purchase are Lead-Free, RoHS Compliant, EPEAT registered, and Energy Star® certified.

FS Sets the Standard for Buying GREEN

GOAL: CNS will

purchase only

Energy Star or

EPEAT

registered

products -

including

peripherals as

they become

available.

THIN CLIENT PILOTTHIN CLIENT PILOT


The thin client computer architecture relies on the network to be the computer. The root of the system is the server, which provides all of the processing power and storage. Each user needs only a monitor/terminal (a thin client). From a business perspective, this would allow us to maintain fewer Windows systems, create faster logon times, upgrade multiple clients with a single server system upgrade, and offer users the ability to work on their desktop remotely via RDP client with all of their software available to them as if they were in the building.

In addition to the business benefits, this system can reduce the overall environmental footprint of a desktop by as much as 75% (Source: Sun Microsystems: Sustainable Computing).

FS Computer & Network Support is currently initiating a thin client pilot project within the division to assess its viability.

Criteria PC (Fat client) Thin Client

Warranty 3 years 5 years

Average Life 3 years* 5-7 years

Power 300 watts 15 watts

Heat Output 850 BTUs 80 BTUs

Noise 5 dbs 0 dbs

Air Quality Negative Zero impact Table: Standard PC versus the SunRay One think client *According to Stanford Research, by 2007, PC life expectancy will be down to 2 years

Education … little things you can do to make a big difference

What can I do at home?

• Buy EnergyStar appliances and equipment

• Turn off computers and appliances (like air conditioners, televisions, radios) when not in use

• Use recycled paper (through Office Depot’s ink cartridge recycling program, for every ink cartridge you bring in to recycle they will give you a ream of recycled paper – you may never have to buy paper again!)

• Bring in your old computers, cell phones, pagers, palm pilots cell phones and batteries to be reused or recycled


Common Computer Myths Myth: Turning off my computer is bad for my computer.

Myth: Turning your computer off uses more energy than leaving it on.

Truth: Computers are now designed to han-dle 40,000 on/off cy-cles. This is considera-bly more cycles than the average user will initiate in the com-puter’s 3-5 year life span. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory states that modern hard disks are not affected by fre-quent shut-downs and that equipment may actually last longer because mechanical wear and heat stress are reduced.

Myth: Screen savers save energy.

Myth: Network con-nections are lost when a PC goes into low-power/sleep mode.

Truth: The surge of power used by a CPU to boot up is far less than the energy used by the unit when left on for over 3 minutes. One computer left on 24 hours a day will cost $115 in electricity bills a year and dumps 1,500 pounds of CO2 into the atmosphere. Plus, a tree absorbs between 3-15 lbs of CO2 each year. That means that 100-500 trees would be needed to offset the yearly emissions of one com-puter left on all the time.

Truth: Screen savers were originally de-signed to help protect the lifespan of mono-chrome monitors which are now techno-logically obsolete. Most screen savers do not save energy unless they actually turn off the screen or, in the case of laptops, turn off the backlight.

Truth: Newer com-puters are designed to sleep on networks to prevent loss of data or connection. CPU’s with Wake on LAN (WOL) technology built-in to network cards can be left in sleep mode overnight to wake-up and re-ceive data packets sent to the unit.

In addition to the initiatives outlined in this document, there are lots of little things that we can do to make a big difference in our impact on the environment. Some of these things include:

• Again, the biggest thing is turning off all equipment when you leave for the day – computers, monitors, copiers, printers, fax machines, etc.

• Print in Economode when you can – this saves toner by printing lighter on paper

• Print duplex – this saves paper

• Buy refurbished ink cartridges and toner when possible

• Change your default margins in MS Word—The current margin default settings of 1.25" left/right and 1" top/bottom "eat up" a lot of usable document space

• Review your document on the screen instead of printing a draft. If you must print a draft, use the blank back side of used sheets. It may be possible to keep once-used paper in an extra tray in your printer.

• Don’t use screensavers - Instead of saving energy, screen savers that display moving images actually cause your monitor to consume almost as much electricity as during active use. Since these programs involve interactions with the CPU, they require even further energy consumption. Even a blank screen saver only reduces monitor energy consumption by a small amount. The best screen saver is no screen saver at all--turn off your monitor when you are not using it.

• Only buy a monitor as large as you really need. Although a large monitor might seem more attractive, you should remember that a 19-inch monitor uses 40% more energy than a 17-inch monitor. Also, the higher the resolution you buy, the more energy it needs.


Education

What is the impact? • Turn off peripherals

when not in use.

• Turn off monitors when not in use.

• Turn off computers when not in use.

Can reduce daily energy usage by 6.7%



… little things you can do to make a big difference

Are there things that you are doing that make a difference that aren’t listed here? We’d love to hear about them! Send an email to [email protected] and let us know.


Conclusion

Goals for 2006-2009

• Reduce our environmental footprint through our initiatives • Raise awareness of sustainable computing best practices • Re-use 95% of all turned over FS computers (either purchased by staff

for home use, purchased or used by another department, or donated to a local non-profit)

• Purchase only EnergyStar or EPEAT registered products - including peripherals as they become available

• Pilot a thin client initiative to examine its viability in Facilities Services

Page 16

Conclusion

Printed on recycled paper

CLOSING

Sustainability is a goal that our organization and every individual in it should share – to live and work in a way that will not exhaust the earth’s resources. This guide to sustainable computing in Facilities Services was designed to help us partner to build sustainability into our IT environment. Together, we can realize the business and environmental benefits gained from our initiatives. Contact Us:

Facilities Services Computer & Network Support B03 Humphreys 607-255-4986 [email protected]

http://computing.fs.cornell.edu/sustainable


FACILITIES SERVICES SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING · Facilities Services (FS) Computer & Network Support...

Documents

Transcript of FACILITIES SERVICES SUSTAINABLE COMPUTING · Facilities Services (FS) Computer & Network Support...