Infinitive and Gerunds

bob

• Some times we need to de-cide whether to use a verb in its :

or

infinitive (to do , to sing)

ing form (doing , singing)

• I dislike working late ?

• I dislike to work late ?

Which one is cor-rect ?

• Infinitive = • The infinitive of a verb is the ba-

sic form.• The infinitive is often used with ‘ to ‘ infront of it !!

* I like to travel abroad.

* I want something to eat.

* I work to make money.

Other formsthe infinitive can have the follow

form

1. The perfect infinitive

example ,

It is nice to have finished the work

( to have +past partici-ple)

2. the continuous infinitive

example , I really like to be swimming in

nice cool pool right now.

( to be + present par-ticiple )

3. the passive infini-tive

( to be+ p.p) Example ,

I really didn’t like to be told what

to do.

• These verbs are com-monly followed by infini-tives.

afford agree care arrange ask hope

decide demand deserve choose claim manage

forget go happen desire expect prefer

intend need learn hate love remember

mean pretend neglet like plan tend

prepare start promise offer swear wish

seem try stop refuse want regret

begin appear volunteer wait fail struggle

Test !The director refused _____ to the

proposals of an executive com-mittee this month.

(1)agreeing (2) to agree (3) for agreeing (4) to have

agreed

•Gerunds

When a verb ends in – ing it may be a gerund

When we use a verb in – ing from more like a noun, It is usually a gerund

Example ,

Bob enjoys playing golf.

• 1. Gerunds as subject,• oubject or complement. Like a noun, gerunds can be the

subject , oubject , or comple-ments of sentence.

* smoking costs a lot of money. * I don’t like writing. * my favorite occupation is read-

ing.

• 2. Gerunds after prepositions

• If we want to use a verb after a preposition, . It is impossible to use an infinitive after a preposition.

Example, * I will call you after arriving at

the office. * please have a drink before leav-

ing.

it must be a gerund

• 3. Gerunds verb

admit avoid appreci-ate

con-sider

risk defer finish

forgive leave postpone delay dislike deny Carry on

Give up mention practise execuse endure face Can’t help

imagine mind Put off escape enjoy Feel like

under-stand

involve miss report resent sug-gest

Leave off

Can’t stand

Test !1. the restaurant is consider-ing ____some new menus to

meet its clint’s needs.(1)to introduce (2) introduce (3) introduced (4) introducing

begin hate prefer

continue intend start

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