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AnIndustrial Training Presentation

On Uttar Pradesh Power Transmission Corporation

Limited (UPPTCL)

Moradabad Institute of TechnologyDepartment Of Electrical Engineering

Industrial Training Coordinator :Mrs. ALKA VERMA (Assistant Professor)

Presented:MONU KUMAR( B. Tech 4th YearElectrical Engineering)

Industrial Training Guide:Mr. UMESH CHAND BHARTI(Junior Engineer)

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Introduction of UPPTCL

UPPTCL Transmission Networks

Layout of Sub-Station

Components Used in Substation

Capacitor Bank

Battery Room

Control Panel Section

Conclusion

References

Table of Contents

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Introduction of UPPTCL The creation of Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd.

(UPPCL) on January 14, 2000 is the result of power sector reforms and restructuring in UP (India) which is the focal point of the Power Sector, responsible for planning and managing the sector through its transmission, distribution and supply of electricity.

For efficient operation & management Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL) is further restructured into:-

Dakshinanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (DVVNL) - Agra Zone Madhyanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (MVVNL) – Lucknow Zone Pashchimanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PVVNL) - Meerut Zone Purvanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PUVVNL) - Varanasi Zone Kanpur Electricity Supply Company(KESCO) - Kanpur City Lucknow Electricity Supply Administration (LESA) - Lucknow City Uttar Pradesh Power Transmission Limited (UPPTCL) - State

Transmission Utility

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UPPTCL Transmission Networks

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Contd.

Layout of Sub-Station

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Components Used in Substation

Power Transformers Potential Transformers Current Transformers Circuit Breakers Isolators Lighting Arresters or Surge Diverters Wave Traps Insulators Capacitor Bank Conductors Bus bar Supporting structure

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Parts of Transformer Conservator Tank Breather Silica Gel Breather Bushing Buchholz Relay Tap Changer Radiator Cooling Fans

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The main parts of the transformer are following- Conservator Tank:-It is used to provide sufficient space for the expansion of oil when transformer is loaded. It provide place for hot transformer oil to expand. It also provide oil in transformer after oil become cool. Breather :-Breather is a device which used for Breathing of transformer. Its means air go in or out from transformer with the help of breather. Silica Gel Breather:-Silica gel absorb moisture and only allow dry air to enter in transformer silica gel color changes from blue to pink after absorbing specifying quantity of moisture from air. We can reuse this silica gel after warming it. Tap changer This is used for the tapping of the Xmer at different levels of voltage. Radiators: -These are used for cooling of the transformer oil.

Contd.

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Buchhloz Relay:Buchholz relay is connected between to main tank and conservator tank.It is gas actuated relay. Buchholz relay provide protection for low oil level and high temperature. Bushing:-Bushings are used to bring windings terminals out of tank and also use for insulation. Cooling Fans:-Cooling fans can be either be a timer controlled or a winding/oil temperature controlled. Cooling fans helps raises the transformer capacity during times when the temperature of the transformer rises due to its loading. Cooling fans used on the transformer are actuated by the help of a relaying device which when senses a relatively high temperature enables the fan to automatically run.

Contd.

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Potential Transformers Potential transformers are instrument transformers. Potential transformers are used to step down voltage for measurement, control & protection.

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Current Transformers Current transformers are also instrument transformers. Current transformers are step up transformer. Current transformers are used extensively for measuring current and monitoring the operation of the power grid and protection.

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Circuit Breakers (CBs)Circuit breaker is mechanical device which is so designed by which circuit normal current fault position will be on and off .They are used for high capacity. A circuit breaker can make or break a circuit either manually or automatically under all condition no load and short circuit condition .

Classification of CBs:- Air circuit breaker Air blast circuit breaker SF6 circuit breaker Vacuum circuit breaker

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Isolators Isolator is one which can used for make or break an electric circuit in no load condition. These are normally used in various circuits for the purposes of isolation.

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Lighting Arresters or Surge Diverters Used in the power systems to protect from lightning Used for protecting the equipment from surge voltages Protect the Insulation & Conductors of the system from damaging effect of Lightning.

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Wave Traps Power line carrier communication.

Exchange of data and transfer of messages between substations.

Wave trap-trapping the unwanted waves or Frequency .

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Insulators The insulator serve two purpose . They support the conductor (bus bar ) and confine the current to the conductor . The most commonly used material for the manufacturer of insulator is porcelain . There are several type of insulator (i.e. pin type, suspension type , strain type ,shackle types etc.) and there used in Sub-Station will depend upon the service requirement.

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Conductors Used in UP Substation

2. AAC Tarantula Conductor

1. Wolf Conductor

Wolf conductor are use in overhead

Transmission line. This conductor are ACSR

series conductor& wolf conductor having

diameter 17mm-18mm.

Tarantula conductor are made up of total

AAC( All Aluminium conductor).in this type of

conductor are mostly used In substation Bus

Bar. Tarantula having the 30mm dia.

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4.ACSR Panther Conductor

3.ACSR Moose Conductor

Contd.

Twin „Moose‟ conductor are made of ACSR(Aluminium

Conductor Steel Reinforced ).ACSR having 7-Stand of

steel of dia 3.53mm & 54-Stand of Aluminium of dia

3.53mm..this conductor are used in 220Kv/400kv

substation Bus bar.

Special 'Panther' conductor, i.e. one Aluminium layer

of ACSR 'Panther' conductor removed having 7-

strands of Steel of 3.00 mm dia. plus 12-Aluminium

strands of 3.00 mm dia.

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6.ACSR-Deer Conductor

5.ACSR Zebra Conductor

Contd.

In this type of conductor are mostly use in 220Kv

transmission line & river crossing overhead line .

Special 'DEER' conductor, having 17-Strands of Steel

of dia. 2.69 mm and 12-strands of Aluminium of 4.65

mm dia..

Zebra-ACSR conductor are use in high voltage

transmission line in substation flow current for one

path to another path. Zebra' ACSR having 7-strand of

steel of dia 3.18 mm and 54- Strands of Aluminium

of dia3.18 mm.

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Capacitor Bank Capacitor bank is used to improve the power factor. The usual causes of low power factor are due to inductive loads. The current is an inductive load lag behind the voltage. The power factor is therefore lagging and KVA power is increased. The most economical power factor usually lies between 0.9 to 0.95 or unity. The capacitor bank also improves the voltage level at the load side.

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Battery RoomIn 220kV substation two sets of 110 V and one set of 48 V (for carrier communication) lead Acid station batteries along with battery chargers are installed. The battery charging equipments comprises of a float charger and a boost charger

Battery Set Battery Charger

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Control Panel Section The task of control system in a substation includes data collection, scanning, event reporting and recording; voltage control, power control, frequency control, other automatic and semi-automatic controls etc. The relays, protection and control panels are installed in the controlled room

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ConclusionIndustrial training helps in increasing my technical skills. Substations form

an important part of the electricity network, providing power to us every

time a light switch or appliance is turned on Substations 'step' or 'convert'

power voltage up or down so that electricity can be delivered from power

generators through to your home, workplace and community.

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References www.uppcl.org

www.wikipedia .com

www.electrical4u .com

www.electricalportal .com

Substation Engineers Guidelines

THANK YOU