Industrial Nanofiber Membrane Production for on Technology
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Transcript of Industrial Nanofiber Membrane Production for on Technology
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LOGO
Industrial Nanofiber Membrane Production for Seperation
Technology
Prof.Dr. Ali DEMİR, Yaşar Emre KIYAK, Tuncay GÜMÜŞ
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Contents
NANOFIBER1
ELECTROSPINNING2
STRUCTURE OF NANOFIBER MEMBRANE3
NANOFIBER MEMBRANES FOR SEPERATION4
INDUSTRIAL NANOFIBER PRODUCTION5
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NANOFIBER
NanofibersNanofibersHuman hairHuman hair
High surface area
High porosity
Flexibility, rigidity
• Nanotechnolgy deals with structures 100 nm or below involving materials and devices
• Fiber diameter less than 1 µm is defined as nanofiber
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NANOFIBER PRODUCTION METHODS
• Melt fibrillation, self assembly → laboratory scale
• Islan-in-the-sea, meltblowing → commercial, mass production, limited polymers
• Electrospinning → simple, cheap, various material,
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ELECTROSPINNING PROCESS
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APPLICATIONS
• Yarns produced from electrospun nanofiber much weaker
than conventional microfiber
• Nano or micro porous structure of nanofiber webs make
them alternative materials for separation.
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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
K. Yoon, K. Kim, X. Wang, D. Fang, B.S. Hsiao, B. Chu, High flux ultrafiltration membranes based on electrospun nanofibrous PAN scaffolds and chitosan coating, Polymer 47 (2006) 2434–2441.
• Asymmetric electrospun PAN nanofibrous mid-layer support and a non-woven PET substrate was produced.
• With different chitosan concentrations, the thickness of the coating layer could be changed from 1 to 3 µm. It is noted that the thickness of the top coating layer is of crucial importance to the performance of the filter.
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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
A) %4, B)%6, C)%8, D)%12
• Increasing concentration of solution increases fiber diameter,
• Pore diameter increses with increasing fiber diameter,
• Porosity decreases with increasing fiber diameter,
• Surface porosity and volumetric porosity are similar for
nanofiber membranes,
• Surface porosity and volumetric porosity are similar for
conventional ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes,
• Nanofiber membrane can exhibit %73
porosity
• High porosity of nanofiber membrane causes
high fouling problem
• Chitosan coating would allow water to
penetrate without losing too much flow rate,
while the smooth coating surface would
minimize the blockage problem
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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
FESEM micrographs of electrospun PVDF membrane (a) before and (b) after heat treatment.
Membrane Properties
ENM Microfiltration Ultrafiltration
Pore size 10.6 nm-4.0 µ 0.05-10 µ 0.1 nm-0.1 µ
Trans membrane Pressure (bar)
0.6 0.1-1 1-5
R. Gopal, S. Kaur, Ma Zuwei, Casey Chan, S. Ramakrishna, T. Matsuura, Electrospun nanofibrous filtration membrane, J. Membr. Sci. 281 (1–2) (2006) 581–586.
• %15 PVdF/DMAc-Acetone 1:1• 10 cm2 nanofiber web • 145 oC 18 hour heat treatment
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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
Particlesize(µm)
Membrane area (cm2)
Feed flux (kg/h) Water flux end of exp. (kg/h)
Separationfactor(%)
10 3 133 133 96
5 3 200 200 91
1 3 467 - -
1 3 1300 530 98
R. Gopal, S. Kaur, Ma Zuwei, Casey Chan, S. Ramakrishna, T. Matsuura, Electrospun nanofibrous filtration membrane, J. Membr. Sci. 281 (1–2) (2006) 581–586.
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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
(a) PES nanofiber (b) commercial hemodialyzerK.H. Lee, D.J. Kim, B.G. Min, S.H. Lee, Polymeric nanofiber web-based artificial renal microfluidic chip, Biomedical Microdevices (published online on 30 January 2007)
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NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
The clearance of urea, creatinine, and vitamin B12 according to the inserted membrane
K.H. Lee, D.J. Kim, B.G. Min, S.H. Lee, Polymeric nanofiber web-based artificial renal microfluidic chip, Biomedical Microdevices (published online on 30 January 2007)
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PA6 NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
05
101520253035404550
0 1 2 3
po
re (
%)
Pore diameter (micron)
PORE DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION
SAMPLE 1
SAMPLE 2
SAMPLE 3
SAMPLE 4
05
1015202530354045
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Fib
ers
(%
)
Fiber diameter (nm)
FIBER DIAMETER DISTRIBUTION
SAMPLE 1
SAMPLE 2
SAMPLE 3
SAMPLE 4
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PA6 NANOFIBER MEMBRANE
Nanofiber membrane was tested by dead-end filtration method,
PA6 nanofiber membrane exhibited over % 99 filtration efficiency for zeolite/water solution, the particle size distribution is given in graphic.
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INDUSTRIAL NANOFIBER MEMBRANE PRODUCTION
• 8 needle block, 256 needles to increase production rate
• Steel conveyor to produce potential difference in electrospinning area
• Fabric let off and take-up for continious production
• Negative and pozitive high voltage power supplies to produce efficient electric field
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INDUSTRIAL NANOFIBER MEMBRANE PRODUCTION
• Prototype unit of electrospun nanofiber web production machine was designed and constructed by these results and data obtained from the electrospinning experiments conducted with the small scale set ups. Prototype unit which has 2m*2m*4m size can effectively produce 1 meter width nanofiber membrane
• The prototype unit was designed and manufactured with controls of solution flow rate, fabric velocity, voltage and solvent exhaust. The remaining short falls in the design and construction of the pilot machine may be stated as the electrical insulation, voltage discharges and flow rate variations.
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MİNİSTRY OF INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE
This project was supoorted by
and collaborative research of
&
http:// www.sanayi.gov.trhttp:// www.itu.edu.trhttp://www.inovenso.com/
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LOGO
QUESTIONS,
THANKS…..