Industrial Devices Company Business Strategy · Power & optical devices BU Electronic components...
Transcript of Industrial Devices Company Business Strategy · Power & optical devices BU Electronic components...
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Copyright (C) 2012 Panasonic Corporation All Rights Reserved.
Panasonic CorporationIndustrial Devices Company
President Toshiaki Kobayashi
Industrial Devices CompanyBusiness Strategy
May 23, 2012
Panasonic IR Day 2012
Notes: 1. This is an English translation from the original presentation in Japanese.
2. In this presentation, “fiscal 2012” or “FY 2012” refers to the yearended March 31, 2012. In addition, “fiscal 2013” or “FY 2013”refers to the year ending March 31, 2013.
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1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Towards Future Growth
1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Towards Future Growth
ContentsContents
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Copyright (C) 2012 Panasonic Corporation All Rights Reserved.
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1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Towards Future Growth
1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Towards Future Growth
ContentsContents
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Company Name Industrial Devices Company (ID)
President Toshiaki Kobayashi
Business Lineup
Development, manufacture, and sale of electronic components, electronic materials, semiconductors,and optical devices
Headquarter Location 1006, Oaza Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka
Affiliated Companies Japan: 23 Overseas: 75
Sales
Electronic components and materials
48%
Semiconductors17%
Optical devices11%
Other business domain products24%
FY121.4 tril. yen
AVC Company
SNC Company
Automotive Systems
P Healthcare
HA Company
Lighting Company
PES
SC Company
PED
Energy Company
PFSC
Panasonic Welding Systems Co., Ltd.
Others
Panahome
SANYO Electric Co., Ltd.
Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd.
Former organization Industrial Devices Company
Industrial Devices Company ProfileIndustrial Devices Company Profile
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Copyright (C) 2012 Panasonic Corporation All Rights Reserved.
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Business UnitBusiness Group
Ind
ustrial D
evices Co
mp
any
Flagship Products
Capacitor BU
Printed circuit board BU
Circuit components BU
Electromechanical components BU
Custom devices BU
Electronic materials BU
Automation controls BU
System LSI BUApplication specific standard products BU
Image sensor BU
Power & optical devices BU
Electronic com
ponentsand m
aterials
Sem
iconductors
Panasonic Precision Devices Co., Ltd.
SANYO Electric Co., Ltd.Optical pickup BU
Connectors, Relays
System LSIs
Microcontroller, ICs, Cameras modules
CCDs, MOS sensors
Lasers, LEDs, Power semiconductors
Optical disc drives, Ink-jets
Optical pickup units
Conductive capacitors (aluminum, tantalum) film capacitors
High-density PWBs, Build-up PWBs
Angular rate sensors, SAW, Resistors
Light touch switches, Automotive switches
Power supplies, Speakers
SC encapsulation materials, Circuit board materials
Compressors, IPS liquid crystal panels, Motors
Other business domain products
Industrial Devices Company Flagship ProductsIndustrial Devices Company Flagship Products
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●Provide customers with devices which cancontribute to improve their values
Global No. 1 Device CompanyObjective
ComfortEcology
Feeling safeSafety
Ease usageConvenience
Customers’perspective
●Top-market share group products; sales ratio > 70%
● Sustainable growth in sales and profit with double-digit percentage profit ratio
Business perspective
Industrial Devices Company Management VisionIndustrial Devices Company Management Vision
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Copyright (C) 2012 Panasonic Corporation All Rights Reserved.
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1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Towards Future Growth
1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Towards Future Growth
ContentsContents
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Sales (Unit: bil. yen)◇ Decreased sales compared with last year due to slump
in finished goods market and disruption in supply chain ◇ Increased sales for growing markets such as mobile
(smartphone / tablet PC) and eco cars
[Main products growing in sales (y-y)]
Film capacitors for HEVs/EVs
High thermal conductive sheets
(PGS®)
Angular rate sensors
High-density PWBs(ALIVH
®)
Automotive speakers
High-heat-resistancemulti-layer
circuit board materials(MEGTRON
®)
HEV/EV relays MOS image sensors 12.7"SMDs
1,404.6(-16% y-y)
FY2011 FY2012
Mo
bile
Au
tom
otive
ele
ctronics
Environm
entally conscious P
roducts
(vehicles
and infrastructure)
App
liance
s
Indu
strial
AV
Fe
atu
re pho
ne
and
PC
rela
ted
1,671.0Changes in commercial
distribution (lithium-ion batteries)
FY 2012 Summary – SalesFY 2012 Summary – Sales
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Copyright (C) 2012 Panasonic Corporation All Rights Reserved.
9FY 2012 Overview – Operating ProfitFY 2012 Overview – Operating Profit
FY2011
Operating Profit (unit: bil yen)
-16.6(-1.2%)
69.9 (4.2%)
Restructuring in semiconductor business in FY 2012
Site integration
SystemLSI
Workforce reduction
・ Shifted to fabless– Impaired asset of
advanced sites・ ‘Selection and focus’
・ Integrated management in Hokuriku Plant・ Consolidated plant technology in Hokuriku
・ Downsized back office– Early retirement/transfer
=> FY 2013 benefit on profits: Approx. 35.0 bil. yen
FY2012
Impacts from
earthquake, flooding, etc.
Impact from
exchange rate
Price decline
Stream
lining
Fixed cost reduction, etc.
◇ Streamlining and fixed cost reduction failed to offset
negative impacts from earthquake, flooding, exchange rate,
price decline; and fell into loss
◇ Still in progress to establish strong management
structure for market fluctuations
(especially semiconductor business)
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1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Future Growth
1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. Future Growth
ContentsContents
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Copyright (C) 2012 Panasonic Corporation All Rights Reserved.
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◇ Sluggish overall in industry, despite prospect of recovery from earthquake and flooding◇ Significant growth in mobile and environmentally conscious products
(vehicles and infrastructure) markets
Forecast of demands for finished goods (vs FY2012)
Value
Total +1%
Mobile (Smartphone/Tablet PC) +23%
Automotive electronics +3%
Appliances +1%
Industrial +1%
AV -1%
Feature phone and PC related -3%
Unit Eco car (including idling stop) +48%
Environmentally conscious infrastructure(with solar photovoltaic + wind power) +13%
(on basis of power output)
FY 2013 Market TrendFY 2013 Market Trend
12FY 2013 Business PlanFY 2013 Business Plan
◇ Continuously grow in expanding key sectors (Mobile/Environment)◇ Further streamlining and increase sales besides having restructuring benefit
for V-shaped recovery in profitability
FY2013
Sales (bil. yen) Operating Profit (bil. yen)
FY2012 FY2013
▲16.6(▲1.2%)
40.0(2.8%)
Sales Increase
Exchange R
ate effect
Price D
ecline
Stream
lining
Fixed C
ost Reduction
Product M
ix Im
provement
Key Sector Expansion
Restructuring benefit in semiconductor business
Growth Rate
1,404.61,420.0
FY2012
+1%
130.0
+40%
180.0180.0Key SectorsKey Sectors
Mobile
Autom
otive Electronics
Appliances
AV
Environm
entally conscious products(V
ehicles and Infrastructure)
Feature phone/P
C related
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13FY 2013 Key InitiativesFY 2013 Key Initiatives
Polish
individual business
Create new values by combining our highly competitive products
Electronic components and materials business
Semiconductor business
Optics business
Industrial Industrial DeviceDevicess CompanyCompany
Shift from Shift from
AV and system AV and system LSIsLSIs
Lead Lead market market
toward thin modeltoward thin model
Return into blackReturn into black
ExExppanand key sectors: Mobile, d key sectors: Mobile, environmentenvironmentally conscious products ally conscious products (vehi(vehicles and infrastructure) cles and infrastructure)
CreatCreate synergies from sales, technology and production engineeringe synergies from sales, technology and production engineering
Expand withExpand with
new new businessbusiness
Make profit by expandingMake profit by expanding
overseas salesoverseas sales
CreatCreatee and expanand expandd pillar businesspillar businessIncrease profitability Increase profitability
14Semiconductor Business: Shift from AV and System LSIsSemiconductor Business: Shift from AV and System LSIs
Expand sensor, power and solution businesses, focusing on mobile devices/environmentally conscious products/automotive electronics
Main InitiativesMain Initiatives
・ Power Power devicesdevices- T-MOS: Expand power supplies for mobile devices andservers with low energy loss & compact products
- GaN*: Enter into solar power conditioner market
・ Image sensorsImage sensors
Sales Plan Sales Plan
・ Motion sensor control ICMotion sensor control ICss- Expand into smartphone market with compact and low energy-consumption design
MOS: Enter mobile market with thin modelCCD: Increase market share in medical and monitoring
products through high-sensitivity technology
FY2012 FY2013
260 bil. yen level+6% y-y
Autom
otive electronics
Environm
entally conscious products
Appliances
Mobile
Industrial, etc. ・ MCP*MCP*--DC/DC DC/DC - Increase sales shifting to MCP with T-MOS*
Sensor
Pow
er
・ Inverter microInverter microcontrollerscontrollers- Expand into Chinese appliance market by
strengthening solutions business
*T-MOS: Trench gate-type MOS-FET *GaN: Gallium nitride
・ Graphics processorGraphics processorss- Expand sales by linking image sensors and
automotive cameras
* MCP: Multi Chip Package AV
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0
100
200
300
FY2011 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015
Optical Devices Business: Lead Market toward Thin Model Optical Devices Business: Lead Market toward Thin Model
Panasonic leading thin-
model technology
SANYOmassive
production volume
Maximize Panasonic/SANYO strengths to develop superior products => Capture new high-volume market
Introduce new products into 9.5mm market to lead market toward thin models
(H/H & 12.7mm)
FY2012 FY2013 SANYO share Current
high-volume market
Demand of optical pickup for DVD-Rewritable drivesDemand of optical pickup for DVD-Rewritable drives
(9.5mm)
Newhigh-volume
market
45%10%
64%
SANYO
Panasonic
48% 52%
* H/H (Half Height): for desktop PCs
Superior Products IntroductionSuperior Products Introduction
H/H※&12.7㎜
9.59.5㎜㎜
(mil. units)
16Key Sector (1): Mobile Market Key Sector (1): Mobile Market
Achieve +38% (y-y) sales growth for mobile sector by leading of the trend of Downsizing and Multi-functionalization
MOS image sensors
ALIVH® Pyrolytic Graphite Sheets (PGSs)
Noise filters
Light touch switches
Capacitive touch panels
Narrow pitch connectors
Motion sensor control ICs
3-axis motion sensors
Mobile speakers
Optical (anti-reflection) film
Switch to thin and multifunction devices
⇒ Improve high-density implementation and low height/miniaturization technology
TopTop--market share group market share group productsproducts
LEDs for camera flash
Power supplies
I/O
Communications-related
Sensors
Noisemeasures
Heat measures
PWB
Connectors
Flat chip resistor
Future Future pillar pillar productsproducts
Products newly Products newly launchedlaunched
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17-Mobile Market- High-density Multi-layer PWB (ALIVH®)-Mobile Market- High-density Multi-layer PWB (ALIVH®)
Maximize ALIVH® technology for growing Any-Layer demand with shifting to high functionality
Capture mobile sector growth
Sales PlanSales Plan InitiativesInitiatives
◇ Newly launch Taiwan #2 Plant and production site in Vietnam
Strengthen overseas production structure
FY2012 FY2013
・Business scale: 25 bil. yen+ (+30% y-y)
・Market Share: 20%** As Any Layer PWB for smartphones
Overseas production ratio: 26% (FY2012) → 55% (FY2013)
◇ Technology licensing to overseas/domestic HDI PWBmakers
Create alliance through licensee expansion
Expand sales maximizing our superior*1 in HDI*2 PWB *1 Environmental compatibility / lead time / productivityFY2013
*2 HDI: High Density Interconnect
18-Mobile Market- MOS Image Sensors-Mobile Market- MOS Image Sensors
◇Development of proprietary sensor structure*
New MOS image sensor: SmartFSITM
・ Industry’s highest-class sensitivity・ Uniform color performance up through
periphery in thinner camera
30% thinner than back-side illuminated structure(camera module comparison)
Newly enter into mobile market
Sales PlanSales Plan
FY2012 FY2013
Achieved to have 30% thinner products (vs previous models) with growing demand for smaller finished devices
InitiativesInitiatives
・ Business scale: 15 bil. yen+ (+50% y-y)
・ Newly enter into market for smartphones
FY2013
* Improved front-side illuminated structure
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19Key Sector (2): Environmental MarketKey Sector (2): Environmental Market
Apply core competence in eco cars into environmental infrastructureGrow +45% in sales in environmentally conscious product field (cars/infrastructure) (y-y)
Environmental Environmental InfrastructureInfrastructure
Eco CarsEco Cars
PV power conditioner relays
Steady develop in transition to electronicsNew demand for safety and comfort
⇒Apply our strength inreliability
ZNR surge absorber
HMI display LSIs
Film capacitor forHEVs/EVs
▲
Power choke coils
EnvironmentallyConsciousness
SafetySecurity
ComfortConvenience
Automotive switches
In-vehicle camera module
Angular rate sensor
LED for in-vehicle DRL*
Future pillar productsFuture pillar products
Products newly launchedProducts newly launched
GaN power devices
T-MOS
Infrared array sensor Grid-EYE
Smart Meter
Photovoltaicpower generation
CapacitorSystem
Powerelectronics
SensorNetwork
LED Lighting
Apply high reliability technology cultivated in eco car business
Smart Meter relays
Eco Power meter
*DRL:Day Running LightANC
HEV/EV relays
ANC :Active Noise Control
Expanding renewable energymarket (solar/wind power)
▲
TopTop--market share group market share group productsproducts
20-Environmentally Conscious Product Market- HEV/EV Film Capacitors-Environmentally Conscious Product Market- HEV/EV Film Capacitors
Capture demand in US, EU, and emerging countries with high reliability cultivated in working with Japanese auto companies
Expand into new sectors (solar, railroad applications) supplied from China site
InitiativesInitiativesSales PlanSales Plan
FY2012 FY2013
・ Business scale: 10 bil. yen+ (+38% y-y)
・ Market Share: 85%◇ Apply product capabilities cultivated in working with
Japanese auto companies to US and EU autos / Tier 1*
◇ Build up the consistent production line from upstream to downstream processes (in China)
Expand sales at overseas & new business markets
Strengthen overseas production structure
* Primary suppliers
FY2013
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21-Environmentally Conscious Product Market- ECO RELAY-Environmentally Conscious Product Market- ECO RELAY
Sales PlanSales Plan InitiativesInitiatives
FY2012 FY2013
Build a pillar businesses of 10 billion yen sales in environmentally conscious products while maintaining top market share in eco car market
◇ Maintain No.1 position in functions and variety of products ・Expand into lithium-ion EVs・Sales development & promotion for new models
◇Thoroughly cover market for environmental infrastructure(photovoltaic power generation, smart meter)
・Launch equipment for photovoltaic use in FY2013
Capture global eco car market with ‘EV Relay’
Expand Energy Management Business
・Business Scale: 10 bil. yen+ (+45% y-y)
・Market Share:75%*
FY2013
For HEVs/EVs
For EnergyManagement
*HEV/EV Relay Share
(FY2013)
22-Sales Synergy Creation- Global Sales Platform-Sales Synergy Creation- Global Sales Platform
Close to customers by reinforcing technology support/Take full advantage of PEW’s distributer channels on commoditized products
13,000 companies
8,000companies
2,000companies
17,000companies
DistributersDistributers
Number of Number of CustomersCustomers
EuropeEurope Asia Asia JapanJapan USUS
Direct sales channel(about 130 sites)
Distributer channel (about 600 companies)
Number of customers: appx. 40,000
Increase sales of commoditized products with advantage of sales channel for industrial sector
Global FAE groups supporting customers
26 Sites 17 Sites35 SitesSales/Direct SalesSales/Direct SalesSites Sites
Customers
49 Sites
North America(San Jose) JapanShanghai/
Taiwan Germany Singapore
FAE:Field Application Engineer
170 companies 15 companies300 companies 80 companies
FAE SitesFAE Sites
Greater ChinaGreater China
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1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. For Future Growth
1. Industrial Devices Company Profile
2. FY 2012 Performance Summary
3. FY 2013 Business Strategy
4. For Future Growth
ContentsContents
24For Future GrowthFor Future Growth
Energy ManagementTechnology
Electronic MaterialTechnology
Thin-film MEMS Technology
PWB mountTechnology
SemiconductorDevice Technology
Integration of Core Technologies
Integrate Panasonic’s technology asset and create new values
Solutions
ElectronicMaterials
Automation Control
Electronic Components
Semiconductors
Assembling
Optical Devices
Capture demand in new growing
fields
Strengthen individual products
ProcessesMaterialsValue-chain in device field
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25- Integrate Core Technology -
Expand into New Growing Field- Integrate Core Technology -
Expand into New Growing Field
Promote integration of core technology for key sectors
Key sectors
MobileEnvironmentally
conscious product (Automobile)
Environmentallyconscious product
(Infrastructure)
Value creation
Strengthen individual business
Capture demand in new growing fields
ALIVH®
Capacitive touch panels
Devices for vehicular monitoring sytems(B&C*/intrusion)
Next-generation high thermal conductivity resin PWB
Ultra-thin optical drives / optical pickup units
Gesture input devices
Vehicular combined sensors (angular rate +
acceleration)
Next-generation HMI* system
Power semiconductors(T-MOS, GaN, SiC*)
Photovoltaic inverters
Photoelectric composite PWB materials
Ultra-compact integrated power units
Ultra-low-energy consumption microcontroller
Conductive polymer capacitors
Data server power supplies
* Back and Corner
* Human Machine Interface
* SiC: Silicon carbide
26- Strengthen Individual Business -
Conductive Polymer Capacitors - Strengthen Individual Business -
Conductive Polymer Capacitors Mobile Sector
Core technology fusionCore technology fusion
Market trend
Strengthen pillar business through technological synergy
Technological synergy
Conductor material Conductor material technology technology
Conductive polymer Conductive polymer technology technology
LowLow--cost electrode cost electrode material technology material technology
Market share 57%Market share 57% ((FY2012FY2012) )
→→6060%% ((FY2014FY2014) )
Application Market share
Tantalum Chip-typeUltra-thin PCs
Tablet PCsSmartphones
#1
Aluminum
Chip-type Ultra-thin PCs #1
Wind around-type
PCs #3
(Value)
Increase demand in high-performance conductive capacitor with growing number of finished devices and shifting to high functionality
■ Top market share in conductive capacitor market (57%)
Further expand into growing mobile market*
* Smartphones, tablet PCs, ultra-thin PCs
11年 12年 13年 14年
Conductive capacitor market (for communication devices and PCs)
+5%/year
◇ Smaller and thinner in product lineups ◇ Achieve high-reliability (longer product life)
FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 FY2015
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27- Capture Demand in New Growing Fields -
Data Server Power Supplies - Capture Demand in New Growing Fields -
Data Server Power Supplies Environmental Infrastructure Sector
Core technology fusion Core technology fusion
Technological synergy
Market trends
Enter into growing areas by integrating our highly competitive productsand core technology
Data server
◇ Demand for low-energy consumption in data servers with cloud computing expansion and increasing communication traffic capacity
Semiconductor device Semiconductor device technologytechnology
Power management technologyPower management technologyPWB mounting technology PWB mounting technology
◇ Ultra-compact, high-efficiency, high-reliability power supplies ・ Halve size/loss compared with competitors (FY2016) ・ Analytical support for heat measures; efficient design including semiconductors, PWBs, passive components; etc.
FYFY20120166 sales +10sales +10.0.0 bilbil. yen. yen
Enter into market of power supply solutions for
environmental infrastructure
Power supply component on each PWB⇒ Great demand for higher efficiency
Simulation technology
0
50
100
10年 15年 20年
+40%/year
Data communications volume forecast (domestic)
(Tbps)
CY2010 CY2015 CY2020 Source: METI
28Mid-term TargetMid-term Target
(billion yen)
180.0
FY2012 FY2013 FY2016
450.0
Average growth rate/ year
+37% FY2012→FY2016
130.0For Mobile
‘Top-Market Share Groups’ Groups
46%
50%
Non-Share-top Groups
70%
FY2012
FY2013
FY2016
Sales Target for Focused Business FieldsSales Target for Focused Business Fields Sales ratio of top market share group productsSales ratio of top market share group products
Environmentally conscious products(Cars/Infrastructure)
*Charts exclude other business domain products
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Disclaimer Regarding Forward-Looking StatementsThis presentation includes forward-looking statements (within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934) about Panasonic and its Group companies (the Panasonic Group). To the extent that statements in this presentation do not relate to historical or current facts, they constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on the current assumptions and beliefs of the Panasonic Group in light of the information currently available to it, and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Such risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause the Panasonic Group's actual results, performance, achievements or financial position to be materially different from any future results, performance, achievements or financial position expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Panasonic undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements after the date of this presentation. Investors are advised to consult any further disclosures by Panasonic in its subsequent filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and its other filings.
The risks, uncertainties and other factors referred to above include, but are not limited to, economic conditions, particularly consumer spending and corporate capital expenditures in the United States, Europe, Japan, China, and other Asian countries; volatility in demand for electronic equipment and components from business and industrial customers, as well as consumers in many product and geographical markets; currency rate fluctuations, notably between the yen, the U.S. dollar, the euro, the Chinese yuan, Asian currencies and other currencies in which the Panasonic Group operates businesses, or in which assets and liabilities of the Panasonic Group are denominated; the possibility of the Panasonic Group incurring additional costs of raising funds, because of changes in the fund raising environment; the ability of the Panasonic Group to respond to rapid technological changes and changing consumer preferences with timely and cost-effective introductions of new products in markets that are highly competitive in terms of both price and technology; the possibility of not achieving expected results on the alliances or mergers and acquisitions including the business reorganization after the acquisition of all shares of Panasonic Electric Works Co., Ltd. and SANYO Electric Co., Ltd.; the ability of the Panasonic Group to achieve its business objectives through joint ventures and other collaborative agreements with other companies; the ability of the Panasonic Group to maintain competitive strength in many product and geographical areas; thepossibility of incurring expenses resulting from any defects in products or services of the Panasonic Group; the possibility that the Panasonic Group may face intellectual property infringement claims by third parties; current and potential, direct and indirect restrictions imposed by other countries over trade, manufacturing, labor and operations; fluctuations in market prices of securities and other assets in which the Panasonic Group has holdings or changes in valuation of long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment and goodwill, deferred tax assets and uncertain tax positions; future changes or revisions to accounting policies or accounting rules; natural disasters including earthquakes, prevalence of infectious diseases throughout the world and other events that may negatively impact business activities of the Panasonic Group;as well as direct or indirect adverse effects of the Great East Japan Earthquake on the Panasonic Group in terms of, among others, component procurement, manufacturing, distribution, economic conditions in Japan including consumer spending and sales activities overseas, and direct or indirect adverse effects of the flooding in Thailand on the Panasonic Group in terms of, among others, component procurement and manufacturing. The factors listed above are not all-inclusive and further information is contained in Panasonic‘s latest annual reports, Form 20-F, and any other reports and documents which are on file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
In order to be consistent with generally accepted financial reporting practices in Japan, operating profit (loss) is presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in Japan. The company believes that this is useful to investors in comparing the company's financial results with those of other Japanese companies. Under United States generally accepted accounting principles, expenses associated with the implementation of early retirement programs at certain domestic and overseascompanies, and impairment losses on long-lived assets are usually included as part of operating profit (loss) in the statement of income.