Industrial Building, design of steel structure part 2,types of loads

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    DMAS\Q[DH@ KSD@ADMJ

    [heu sihrbh

    Hssdsthmt _rfncssfr

    Lihmadjhri umdvcrsdty, JihruhmBfih`d

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    Dmaustrdh` kud`admj hrc `fw rdsc stcc` strulturcs, ifusdmj

    wfrgsifps fr dmaustrdcs, hma lihrhltcrdzca ky ticrc

    lfbphrhtdvc`y `fw icdjit hma hkscmlc fn dmtcrdfr wh``s

    hma phrtdtdfms. Qf prfvdac bfrc wfrgdmj sphlc, dmtcrdfrlf`ubms hrc cdticr h`` tfjcticr hvfdaca, fr c`sc hrc vcry

    wdac`y sphlca dm kdj dmaustrdh` kud`admjs.

    Dmaustrdh` kud`admj bhy kc l`hssdndca dm tf 5

    Mfrbh` fr sdbp`c kud`admj

    \fpidstdlhtca dmaustrdh` kud`admj

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    Mfrbh` dmaustrdh` kud`admjs lfmsdst fn sdmj`c stfrdca

    dmaustrdh` sicas, wdti fr wdtifut jhmtry jdracr, tf ifusc

    wfrgsifps, whrcifuscs fr nhltfrdcs, hma af mft lfmthdm

    dmtcrbcadhtc lf`ubms

    \fpidstdlhtca dmaustrdh` kud`admjs, usuh``y lh``ca stcc` bd``

    kud`admjs, hrc usca tf ifusc kdj dmaustrdcs dm widli sfbc

    bhmunhlturdmj prflcsscs, mcca sphlcs wdti spcldndl hma

    lfmtrf``ca cmvdrfmbcmt lfmadtdfm. wicm tic rffn truss ds

    htthlica tf, hma ds suppfrtca ky stcc` lf`ubms ht tic cmas,

    tic hsscbk`y ds gmfwm hs kcmt fr h bd`` kcmt

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    Kcmts hrc krhlca tfjcticr ht dmtcrvh`s widli acpcma

    fm lihrhltcr fn tic kud`admj, dts wdati , `cmjti ,

    lfvcrdmj , cxpfsurc ctl. Qwf kcmts krhlca tfjcticr

    nfrb h krhlca khy. Qic sphlc kctwccm twf lf`ubm

    `dmcs ds lh``ca hm hds`c

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    Kcmts hrc krhlca tfjcticr

    ht dmtcrvh`s widli acpcma

    fm lihrhltcr fn tic

    kud`admj, dts wdati, `cmjti,

    lfvcrdmj, cxpfsurc ctl.

    Qwf kcmts krhlca tfjcticr

    nfrb h krhlca khy. Qic

    sphlc kctwccm twf lf`ubm

    `dmcs ds lh``ca hm hds`c

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    8. _ur`dms

    ;. \hj rfa

    . Krhlgct

    :. Lf`ubm hma Lf`ubm khsc

    9. Jdrt

    4. Krhldmj

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    _ur`dms sifu`a kc `flhtca fm phmc` pfdmts fn tfp lifra

    bcbkcrs. Ifwcvcr dt acpcmas upfm tic typc fn rffndmj

    bhtcrdh`s h`sf. Jcmcrh``y tic sphldmj fn pur`dms vhrdcs

    nrfb 8.

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    J D \iccts (Jh`vhmdzca Drfm \iccts)

    H.L (Hskcstfs siccts)

    J D \iccts

    Lfrrujhtca drfm siccts hrc jh`vhmdzca nfr prftcltdmj hjhdmst lfrrfsdfm hma hrc

    usca hs rffn lfvcrdmjs. Qic lfbbfm sdzc fn JD siccts hrc

    d. 9 lfrrujhtdfms, :3 bb wdac hma 84 bb accp widli ihvc fvcrh`` wdati

    fn >>? bb.

    dd. 8? bb lfrrujhtdfms, :3 bb wdac hma 84 bb accp widli ihvc fvcrh``

    wdati fn 98?bb.

    ddd. Qic siccts hrc hvhd`hk`c dm tic jhujcs 8>,89,;? hma ;3 (tidlgmcss 2

    ;3/jhujc bb)

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    H. L. \iccts

    D. Kcttcr dmsu`htfr nfr sum icht lfbphrca tf JD

    siccts

    DD. Lfbbfm`y usca dm tic nhltfrdcs hma jfafwms

    DDD. Lfbbfm sihpcs, lfrrujhtca hma trhnnf`a.

    D^. @cmjti hvhd`hk`c 8.:3, ;.?, ;.3 hma < b

    ^. Qidlgmcss fn >bb hma :bb hvhd`hk`c.

    ^D. Bhxdbub pcrbdssdk`c sphldmj ds 8.1 b nfr >bb

    siccts hma 8.>b nfr :bb tidlg sicct

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    Qic bhdm `fhas fm trusscs hrc

    8. Acha `fha;. Dbpfsca `fha

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    Qic nf``fwdmj hrc tic twf nfrbu`h usca nfrlh`lu`htdmj tic sc`n wcdjit fn truss

    (d) w 2 ;? + >.> @ M/bb nfr h @@ fn ; gM/bb

    Dn `dvc `fha ds bfrc ,tic hkfvc vh`uc ds tf kcdmlrchsca ky @@/;

    (dd) Z 2 8? (@/< +3) s/1 M/bb

    \ 2 sphldmj fn trusscs

    D a ` a

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    Dbpfsca `fha

    Mfrbh``y mf hllcss ds prfvdaca dm s`fpdmj rffns wdtisiccts. Dm suli lhscs D\ 9:3 phrt DD bhgcs tic

    nf``fwdmj prfvdsdfms nfr `dvc `fhas nfr tic acsdjm fnsiccts hma pur`dms

    Sp tf 8?s`fpc5 ?.:3 gM/bb

    nfr bfrc tihm 8? s`fpc5 ?.:3-?.?; ( -8?) wicrc dss`fpc fn sicctdmj

    Ifwcvcr h bdmdbub fn ?.1 gM/b `dvc `fha sifu`a kclfmsdacrca dm hmy lhsc.

    Nfr tic acsdjm fn trusscs tic hkfvc `dvc `fha bhy kcrcaulca tf ;/

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    Fvcricha trhvc``dmj Lrhmcs hrc usca dm dmaustrdh`kud`admj tf `dnt hma trhmspfrt ichvy efks, bhlidmcs

    hma sf fm nrfb fmc p`hlc tf hmfticr. Qic lrhmc bhy

    kc

    (d) Bhmuh``y (ihma) fpcrhtca fvcricha trhvc``dmj

    lrhmc

    C`cltrdlh``y fpcrhtca fvcricha trhvc``dmj lrhmc

    (C.F.Q)

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    ^crtdlh` @fha

    @fmjdtuadmh` Qrust @htcrh` @fha

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    Qic rchltdfm nrfb tic lrhmc jdracr, hltdmj vcrtdlh``y

    afwmwhras. Qic `fmjdtuadmh` tirust, auc tf sthrtdmj fr stfppdmj fn

    lrhmc, hltdmj dm tic `fmjdtuadmh` adrcltdfm

    Qic `htcrh` tirust, auc tf sthrtdmj/stfppdmj fn tic lrhk

    hltdmj ifrdzfmth``y

    ^crtdlh` @fhas (d) Lrhmc jdracr lfmsdst fn tic sc`n-wcdjit fn tic lrhmc

    (dd) \c`n wcdjit fn tic lrhk hma tic lrhmc lhphldty

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    Nfr rchltdfm bhxd wicc` `fha ds lfbputca ,dt fllurs wicm tic

    lrhk ds mchrcst tf tic jhmtry jdracr

    @htcrh` @fhas

    (d) Qirust auc tf tic suaacm stfppdmj fn tic lrhk hma `fha wicm

    trhvcrsdmj tic lrhk jdracrs

    (dd) Lrhk jdracr wcdjit hlrfss tic sifp n`ffr @fmjdtuadmh` @fhas

    Dts lhusca auc tf tic stfppdmj fr sthrtdmj fn tic lrhmc jdracrs

    hma prfaulc h tirust wid`c krchgdmj hma sthrtdmj. Qic `htcrh`hma `fmjdtuadmh` tirust hrc trhmsncrrca ht tic rhd` `cvc`.

    Qicrcnfrc jhmtry jdracr hrc sukecltca tf kcmadmj bfbcmt auc

    tf ticsc `fhas

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    DB_CLQ @FHA H\ _C[ D\ 5 9:3-84>1

    Qypc fn @fha Haadtdfmh` @fha

    (h) ^crtdlh` nfrlc trhmsncrrca tftic rhd`s

    (d) Nfr c`cltrdl fvcricha lrhmc ;3% fn bhxd sthtdl wicc` `fha

    (dd) Nfr ihma fpcrhtca lrhmc 8? % fn bhxdbub sthtdl wicc` `fha

    (k) Ifrdzfmth` nfrlcs trhmsvcrsc tftic rhd`s

    (d) Nfr c`cltrdl fvcricha lrhmc 8?% fn tic wcdjit fn tic lrhk hmatic wcdjit `dntca fm tic lrhmc

    (dd) Nfr ihma fpcrhtca lrhmcs 3% fn tic wcdjit fn tic lrhk hma ticwcdjit `dntca fm tic lrhmc

    (l) Ifrdzfmth` nfrlc h`fmj tic rhd`s 3% fn tic sthtdl wicc` `fha

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    8. Dt sukecltca tf vcrtdlh` `fhas + ifrdzfmth` tirust

    Qicrcnfrc tic h``fwhk`c strcss hrc dmlrchsca ky 8? %.

    ;. Cdticr fn tic twf nfrlcs spcldndca dm prcvdfus thk`c

    sifu`a kc lfmsdacrca tf hlt h`fmj tic vcrtdlh` `fhas ht

    h tdbc.

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    Zicrc tic lrhmcs hrc bhmuh``y fpcrhtca @/3??

    Zicrc tic lrhmcs hrc trhvc``dmjfvcricha hma fpcrhtca c`cltrdlh``y up

    tf 3?? gM

    @/:3?

    Zicrc tic Lrhmcs hrc trhvc``dmj

    fvcricha hma fpcrhtca c`cltrdlh``yfvcr 3?? gM

    @/8???

    Fticr bfvdmj `fhas, suli hs lihrjdmjlhrs ctl. wicrc @2 \phm fn tic jhmtry

    jdracr

    @/>??

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    8. Ndma tic bhxdbub wicc` `fha. Qic wfrst lhsc fn`fhadmj fllurs wicm tic lrhmc hma dts `fha hrc arhwm tf

    tic lf`ubm. Qic vcrtdlh` rchltdfm fn tic lrhmc jdracr ds

    trhmsncrrca tirfuji dts twf wicc`s fm tic jhmtry jdracr.

    Qic bhxdbub wicc` `fha ds ih`n fn tids rchltdfm. Qids

    bhxdbub wicc` `fha ds dmlrchsca nfr tic dbphlt hsspcldndca prcvdfus`y dm thk`c. `htcrh` tirust ds hvfdaca

    kclhusc nu`` `fha lhrrydmj lrhk wd`` bfvc s`fw`y

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    ;. Kcmadmj bfbcmt lh`lu`htca auc tf tic bhxdbub

    wicc` `fha dml`uadmj dbphlt hma tic KB auc tf acha

    `fha fn tic jdracr hma rhd`s. Qic wicc` `fha KB ds

    bhxdbub wicm tic twf wicc`s hrc dm suli h

    pfsdtdfm tiht tic L.J fn tic wicc` `fhas hma fmc fn

    tic wicc` `fhas hrc cqudadsthmt nrfb tic lcmtcr fn

    tic jhmtry jdracr (fm`y fmc lrhmc ds rummdmj fvcr tic

    jdracr

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    H y ds cquh` tf p`hstdl bfau`usUp

    sdmlc jhmtry jdracr hrc `htcrh``y umsuppfrtca kchb, h trdh`

    scltdfm bhy kc fkthdmca ky

    zp,rcqudrca 2 (8.1 tf 8.3) x (Bu /ny)

    Jcmcrh``y hm D-scltdfm wdti h lihmmc` scltdfm fm dts tfpn`hmjc ds prfvdaca. Nfr tic trdh` scltdfm thgc tic scltdfm

    bfau`us 1? tf 3?% bfrc tihm tic lh`lu`htca (`htcrh``y

    umsuppfrtca ).

    Clfmfbdlh` acpti fn tic jdracr 0 8/8; fn tic sphm cxlcpt

    wicm tic `fha hrc sbh`` dm rc`htdfm tf sphm

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    Zdati fn tic n`hmjcsifu`a kc dm kctwccm (8/1? tf 8/

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    Zicm `htcrh` suppfrt ds prfvdaca tirfujifut tic lfbprcssdfm

    (tfp) n`hmjc `cvc` fn jhmtry jdracr ky h lhtwh`g fr sf, tic trdh`

    scltdfm sifu`a kc liclgca nfr tic bfbcmt lhphldty fn tic wif`c

    scltdfm ky tic nf``fwdmj cquhtdfm

    Baz2 (kUpzny/bf) 8.; (Uczny/ bf)

    Qic acsdjm kcmadmj strcmjti sf actcrbdmca sifu`a kc jrchtcr tihm

    tic hpp`dca kcmadmj bfbcmt.

    wicm tic lfbprcssdfm n`hmjc ds `htcrh``y umsuppfrtca, tic jdracrds liclgca tic shbc why kut ky rcp`hldmj nywdtinka, tic kcmadmj

    lfbprcssdvc strcss

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    @flh` Bfbcmt lhphldty fn tic jdracr ds liclgca

    ( Upzxny/bf) 8.; Uczxny/bf

    Lfbkdmca `flh` lhphldty fn tic n`hmjc ds liclgca. Qic tfpn`hmjc sifu`a kc liclgca nfr kcmadmj hkfut kfti tic hxcs ky ticnf``fwdmj dmtcrhltdfm cquhtdfm

    (Bz/Baz+By,n/Bay,n) 8.?

    Bz 2 bfbcmt hkfut zz hxds auc tf vcrtdlh` hma `htcrh`/`fmjdtuadmh` `fhas

    By,n 2 bhxdbub bfbcmt hkfut yy- hxds auc tf `htcrh` `fha

    Baz 2 kcmadmj strcmjti fn tic scltdfm hkfut zz hxds

    Bay,n 2 kcmadmj strcmjti fn tic lfbprcssdfm n`hmjc hkfut yyhxds

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    4) Qic jdracr ds liclgca nfr kulg`dmj rcsdsthmlc. Qic c`hstdllrdtdlh` bfbcmt bhy kc lh`lu`htca usdmj ticnf``fwdmj cquhtdfm. Dt bust kc rcbcbkcr tiht tids

    cquhtdfm ds vh`da nfr fm`y D scltdfm kchbs.

    Blr 2 l8( CDyiy)/;@ @Q)) x(8+(8/;?)x(G@/ry)/(in/tn)))?.3

    tic kcmadmj strcmjti fn tic scltdfm ds actcrbdmca ky

    Baz2 (kUpznka=Bz

    Qic scltdfm sifu`a kc liclgca nfr kdhxdh` kcmadmj usdmj ticdmtcrhltdfm nfrbu`h

    (Bz/Baz+By/Bay) 8.?

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    Qic scltdfm ds liclgca nfr sichr lhphldty

    sichr lhphldty 2 HvNyw/(< bf) = bhxdbub sichr nfrlc

    88) Kulg`dmj fn tic wck umacr wicc` `fha ds liclgca.

    Kulgdmj rcsdsthmlc 2 (k8+m8)twnla= bhxdbub wicc` `fha

    wicrc k82 adh fn tic wicc`m82 adspcrsdfm `cmjti umacr wicc` (hssubdmj

    adspcrsdfm hmj`c fn 13)

    8;) Qic jdracr ds liclgca nfr kchrdmj. dn rcqudrca kchrdmj

    stdnncmcrs hrc prfvdaca

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    8

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    83) Qic jdracr ds liclgca nfr nhtdjuc strcmjti

    8>) Qic krhlgct hma dts lfmmcltdfm wdti lf`ubm hrc acsdjmca.

    dm lhsc kf`tca lfmmcltdfm hrc usca, mfm s`dp kf`ts sifu`a

    kc prcncrrca. H phdr fn krhlgct p`htcs, fmc fn chli n`hmjc fn

    D scltdfm lf`ubm, lfmmcltca wdti h adhpirhjb ds prfvdaca

    tf bhgc h scht nfr jhmtry jdracr

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    Acsdjm h jhmtry jdracr tf kc usca dm hm dmaustrdh` kud`admj lhrrydmj h

    bhmuh``y fpcrhtca trhvc``dmj lrhmc, nfr tic nf``fwdmj ahth. Lrhmc lhphldty ;?? gM

    \c`n-wcdjit fn tic lrhmc jdracr cxl`uadmj trf``y ;??gM

    \c`n-wcdjit fn tic trf``y, c`cltrdl bftfr, iffg ctl. 1? gM

    Hpprfxdbhtc bdmdbub hpprfhli fn tic lrhmc iffg tf tic jhmtry jdracr

    2 8.;? b Zicc` khsc 2 b

    L/L adsthmlc kctwccm jhmtry rhd`s - 9b

    \c`n wcdjit fn tic rhd` scltdfm -