Indonesian Values

• Indonesia is an archipelago • extending 5,120 kilometres (3,181 mi) from east to west and 1,760

kilometres (1,094 mi) from norh to south.• Indonesia's total land area is 1,919,317 square kilometres (741,052 sq mi). • comprising approximately 17,508 islands.• It encompasses 34 provinces • Population: 246.9 million (2012) World Bank

• Indonesia has about 300 ethnic groups, influenced by Indian, Arabic, Chinese, and European sources.

• More than 700 living languages are spoken in Indonesia• six officially religions (88% Islam, 6.96% Protestant, 2.91% Catholic, 1.69%

Hindu, 0.72% Buddhist, 0.05% Khong Hu Chu)

What are characteristics of values?What are Indonesian values?

characteristics of values

Values changing as result of globalization and technology

Values change continuously

Change of values will affect human behavior

Indonesian valuesMutual

Assistances

The important of cooperation

Mutual assistance is foundation of

social life

Everyone love to help each other

Religiosity

Religion is a guidence of

people behavior

Every one has the religion

Religion as a faith that God is exist

Religion is foundation of

people behavior

Hospitality

Do you greet people first?

Do you easy to get closer with

other?

Do you usually start conversation

with others?

Harmony

Living in Harmony

Harmony prevent dispute

Harmony prevent separation

Definition of values• The concept of value is one important variable to human

life because values influence all aspects of human life (Rokeach, 1973 cited by Wang et al., 1994).

• Values provide guidelines to live in a society (Schwartz, 1999) and values provide answer to basic and universal questions such as ‘what do I do?’(Zhou et al., 2011).

• Hofstede (1994) pointed out that values are among the first children learned. Since the age of 10, most children have their basic value systems. Values are acquired through the family, neighborhood, experience, and lifestyle (Karahanna et al., 2005).

Grunert and Scherhorn (1990, cited by Wang et al., 1994)

Values were described as: 1) concepts or beliefs, 2) desirable behaviors, 3) end states that go beyond specific situations, 4) guide the selection or evaluation of events

and behaviors, and 5) ordered by a certain hierarchical importance.

Do you think that Indonesian values has been changed?

•I try to reach my own purpose although contrarily with the regulation

•I put my interest above the interest of others

•My opinions is always right•Everyone should follow my opinion

Individualism

•I Defend my own religion•I fight for my own religion

Religious fanaticism •Democracy help Indonesia a better

nations•Every citizen has their own right to choose their lives

•Every one has the right to speak, to have religion, to freedom

Democracy

• Culture may be defined as ‘the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group from another’ (Hofstede, 1980, p. 25).

• Each human group shares its own societal norms, consisting of common characteristics, such as a value system which is adopted by the majority of constituents.

• ‘Culture consists of patterns, explicit and implicit, of and for behavior acquired and transmitted by symbols, constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts; the essential core of culture consists of traditional (i.e., historically derived and selected) ideas and especially their attached values; culture systems may, on the one hand, be considered as products of action, on the other as conditioning elements of furtheraction’’ (Kroeber - Kluckhohn, 1952, p. 181).