Individually Constructed Vehicles

8/11/2019 Individually Constructed Vehicles

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Vehicle Services|INFORMATION MANUAL

INDIVIDUALLY CONSTRUCTED VEHICLES

Safety and Regulation Division

Kateena Street, Regency Park 5010 Phone 1300 882 248 Fax (08) 8348 9533

This Information Manual details the requirements to obtain approval

for road use of an Individually Constructed Vehicle (ICV).

The construction of passenger vehicles is a complex and usually time consuming project. TheDepartment for Transport, Energy and Infrastructures (DTEI) aim is to ensure that the requirements

of Australian Design Rules (ADRs) and regulations related to safety and environmental protection are

equivalent to production vehicles.

Not only must high quality components be used, but all components used in the design must be

correctly matched to each other to ensure safe operation, performance and compliance with the

relevant standards. The motor vehicle must be considered as a complete package.

All requirements of the Australian Design Rules (ADRs) and South Australian Road Traffic (Vehicle

Standards) Rules are not fully detailed. It is the vehicle constructors responsibility to ensure that

an ICV complies as fully as possible with the ADRs and the South Australian Road Traffic (VehicleStandards) Rules 1999.

MR850 03/07


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DescriptionPage

Number

Definition of an Individually Constructed Vehicle 3

Engineering Requirements 3

Recommended Construction & Approval Process 3

Applications (Overview of Items to Address) 3

1. Engine and driveline 4

2. Brakes 4

3. Wheels and tyres 4

4. Axles and suspension 4

5. Steering 4

6. Chassis or frame 4

7. Body 4

8. Seats and seatbelts 5

9. Emissions and noise 5

10. Glazing and visibility 5

11. Lamp/signal requirements 5

12. General provisions 5

Australian Design Rules (information and listing) 5

ADR 1/.. Reversing lamps 6

ADR 2/.. Side door latches and hinges 6

ADR 3/.. Seats and seat anchorages 6

ADR 4/.. Seatbelts 7

ADR 5/.. Anchorages for seatbelts 8

ADR 6/.. Direction indicator lamps 9

ADR 8/.. Safety glazing material 10

ADR 10/.. Steering column 11

ADR 11/.. Internal sun visors 11

ADR 13/.. Installation of lighting and light signalling

devices11

ADR 14/.. Rear vision mirrors 11

ADR 18/.. Instrumentation 12

ADR 21/.. Instrument panel 12

ADR 22/.. Head restraints 13

ADR 23/.. Passenger car tyres 13

ADR 25/.. Anti-theft lock 14

ADR 28/.. External noise of motor vehicles 14

ADR 29/.. Side door strength 14

Contents

DescriptionPage

Number

ADR 30/.. Diesel engine exhaust smoke emissions 15

ADR 31/.. Hydraulic brake systems for

passenger cars15

ADR 34/.. Child restraint anchorages and fittings 16ADR 37/.. Emission control for light vehicles 16

ADR 42/.. General safety requirements

(includes the following)17

Bonnet latching 17

Diesel engine anti start locking device 17

Steering system 17

Standard controls for automatic transmissions 17

Electrical wiring, connections and installations 17

Exhaust outlets 17

External or internal protrusions 17

Field of view 18

Wheel guards (mudguards) 18

Brake tubing and brake hose 19

Reverse gear 19

Television and visual display units 19

Windows and ventilation 19

Power Operated Windows 19

Warning devices audible 19

Demisting of windscreens 19

Windscreen wipers and washers 19

ADR 43/.. Vehicle configuration and marking 19

ADR 46/.. Headlamps 20

ADR 47/.. Retro-reflectors 20

ADR 48/.. Rear registration plate illuminating devices 20

ADR 49/.. Front and rear position (side) lamps stop

lamps and end outline marker lamps21

ADR 51/.. Filament globes 21

ADR 60/.. Centre high-mounted stop lamp 21

ADR 61/.. Vehicle marking22

Dynamic Occupant Protection 22

Airbags 22

Gas Discharge Headlamps 22


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DEFINITION OF AN INDIVIDUALLYCONSTRUCTED VEHICLE

Individually Constructed Vehicles (ICV)are vehicles where the body and chassis

are new, however the sub assembliesand components used may be derivedfrom other production vehicles and neednot be new. Most ICVs are passengercar type vehicles which includessedans, station wagons, coupes,and tourers.

An ICV is a one-off vehicle. Ifproduction of more than one vehicleper year is proposed, DTEI should beconsulted because construction andcompliance of the vehicles may then beadministered under the Commonwealth

Government Department of Transportand Regional Services, Low VolumeScheme.

An Individually constructed vehicle isa new vehicle that is not a productionvehicle, a modified production vehicleor a production vehicle which has hadthe body or chassis replaced.

ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS

Design & Engineers responsibility

All aspects of design includingcompliance with Australian DesignRules, Regulations, compatibility ofengine with other vehicle components,steering, braking, handling anddrivability will remain the responsibilityof the Engineer submitting theEngineering Report.

Inspection Procedure

It is recommended that the vehiclebe inspected by the Engineer at thefollowing stages:

a. At completion of the chassis priorto the fitting the body or any othercomponent which may obstructinspection of chassis welds etc.

b. At some intermediate stageof construction.

c. After completion of the vehiclebut prior to presentation for thefull roadworthy inspection by DTEI.

Engineers Report

All aspects of design and componentsused must be fully addressed in anEngineering Report prepared for the

vehicle.

Letter of Conformity

As assurance that the vehicle has beeninspected by the Engineer and thevehicle conforms with the EngineeringReport, a Letter of Conformity mustbe submitted prior to the vehicle beinginspected by DTEI.

The Letter of Conformity must includethe following:

name and address of the owner

make and type of vehicle

chassis number or VIN

engine number

dates of inspection duringconstruction

a statement to the effect that theabove vehicle has been constructedin accordance with the EngineeringReport Number .. Dated ..

signature of the CharteredProfessional Engineer

dated and signed.

Finding an Engineer

A list of appropriately qualified andexperienced engineers involved inthis type of work in South Australiais available on request from DTEI.

RECOMMENDED CONSTRUCTION

& APPROVAL PROCESS

a. Consult the Chartered ProfessionalEngineer as to the acceptability ofthe vehicles proposed constructionand revise if necessary.

b. Obtain confirmation from the engineerthat the proposed vehicle will complywith the appropriate ADRs andRegulations. This confirmation usuallytakes the form of an EngineeringReport and enables construction ofthe vehicle to commence, however

see point d.

c. Complete the Application to Build anIndividually Constructed Vehicle formand submit it to Vehicle Standardstogether with the Engineering

Report and any other relevantdocumentation.

d. If the proposal is acceptable thenVehicle Standards will then issue aStatement of Requirements (SOR).If the proposal is not acceptable orfurther information is required VehicleStandards will contact the applicantin writing. This should be done asearly in the process as possiblebecause the SOR or Regulationchanges may influence the design.

e. Following the completion of

construction, the vehicle mustundergo inspection and performancetesting by the engineer to ensurethat the vehicle meets all applicablestandards, Regulations and toverify that its safe operation on theroad is ensured. The results of allperformance tests must be recordedand retained by the Engineer. TheEngineer must then complete aLetter of Conformity to confirm thatthe vehicle has been constructedin accordance with the EngineeringReport.

f. Following the Letter of Conformityand the receipt of a Statement ofRequirements from Vehicle Standardsthe vehicle can be booked in fora full roadworthy inspection. If thevehicle fails inspection, the relevantissues must be addressed and thevehicle submitted for inspection at alater date. When the vehicle passesinspection it can then be registeredand will be issued with an ExemptionFrom the Fitting of a CompliancePlate and a South Australian I.D.Label which will identify the vehicle.

APPLICATIONS

Except for those aspects which canonly be determined after constructionis completed, the application preparedby the Chartered Professional Engineerand submitted to DTEI must give fulldesign details relating to the following:

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1. ENGINE & DRIVELINE

Engine make, size and numberof cylinders

Any changes from standardspecifications

Power and torque specifications

Turbocharger or supercharger (if fitted)

Drive-line and differential

Gearbox and transmission

Fuel system (i.e. petrol, diesel, LPG).

Engine Selection

Engine power and torque must be

compatible with the driveline, structuraland braking components. For detailsrelating to emission control refer toADR 37/..

2. BRAKES

System (refer to ADR 31/.. and 42/..)

Type (i.e. disc, drum)

Brake balance.

Vehicle Braking

Tests to show compliance with ADR31/.., or equivalent, must be conductedand submitted prior to presentationof the vehicle for final inspection.

Refer to Engineering InstructionNumber 4 - Brake System TestProcedure or refer to ADR 31I..

Brake Balance

Tests to ensure correct brake balancemust be conducted and submitted priorto presentation of the vehicle for final

inspection.

3. WHEELS & TYRES

Size, speed and load ratings, carcassconstruction (refer to ADR 23/..)

4. AXLES & SUSPENSION

Type and make of axles(front and rear)

Method of attachment

Strength at 1g braking and 3g bump

Width of axles between wheelmounting flanges

Bump clearance

Ground clearance (refer to ADR 43/..)

Track (front and rear).

Wheel Track

Wheel track is the distance measuredacross an axle between the centre lineof the left wheel and the centre line ofthe right wheel. Where standard axlesare used the wheel track will be basedon the maximum allowable wheel trackfor the vehicle for which the axle wasdesigned. Alternatively an EngineeringReport showing that the wheel trackis within the design capabilities of thecomponents being used and that thetrack does not have any adverse affecton vehicle handling and/or steering.Where non-standard components arefitted the wheel track will be assessed,determined and justified by theEngineer.

5. STEERING

Steering geometry

Steering column (refer to ADR 10/..)

Anti-theft locks (refer to ADR 25/..).

Components

Steering components are not permittedto be welded or heated unless anEngineering Report is submitted toDTEI in accordance with EngineeringInstruction Number 5 - Heating andWelding of Steering Components.

All newly manufactured steeringcomponents must be identified and a

full description of manufacture includingdrawings must be presented, as wellas an assessment and statement ofsuitability by the Engineer.

Geometry

Test results of a subjective test whichshow handling characteristics must besubmitted prior to presentation of thevehicle for final inspection.

Refer to Lane Change ManoeuvreTest Procedures MR 807 (MR 807).In addition the Engineer should showthat the vehicle does not demonstrateexcessive bump steer throughout theoperating range of the front suspension.

6. CHASSIS OR FRAME

Style and type

Material and strength

Mounting of body to chassis/frame

Beaming and torsional rigidity

Wheel base.

Beaming & Torsional Rigidity

The beaming and torsional rigidity isusually evaluated on the compositechassis/frame and body. An EngineeringReport on the beaming and torsionalrigidity to a procedure acceptable toDTEI may be required.

Refer to Torsional Rigidity and BeamingStiffness Test Procedures (MR 816).

7. BODY

Style and type

Material

Position and accessibility of footcontrols

Door strength (refer to ADR 29/..)

Door latches and hinges (refer toADR2/..)

Mudguards (refer to ADR 42/..)

Engine bonnet (refer to ADR 42/..)

Driver field of view (refer to ADR 42/..)

Primary vision area (refer to ADR 8/..)

External and internal projections(refer to ADR 42/..)

Internal sun visors (refer to ADR 11/..)

Location and visibility of instruments

(refer to ADR 18/..)

Instrument panels (refer to ADR 21/..).

Body Design

It is essential to carefully examine therequirements of driver field of view,primary vision area, windscreen wipersand washers and mudguards whendesigning the body shell of the vehicle.

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Occupant Protection

The following ADRs apply to passengercar type vehicles:

ICVs are not required to provecompliance with these ADRs butshould be constructed to complywith the intent of these ADRs and offer

the best occupant protection possible.See Dynamic Occupant Protectionon page 22.

8. SEATS & Seatbelts

Type and number of seats

Size and height of seats

Seat anchorages (refer to ADR 3/..)

Seatbelts (refer to ADR 4/..)

Seatbelt anchorage points(refer to ADR 5/..)

Child restraint anchorages(refer to ADR 34/..)

Head restraints (refer to ADR 22/..)

Instructions for the use of SeatbeltAssemblies (refer to ADR 4/..)

Instructions for the use ofChild Restraint Anchorages (refer to ADR 34/..).

9. EMISSIONS & NOISE

ICVs constructed before 31/12/03must comply with ADR 37/00Emission Control for Light Vehicles.

ICVs constructed after 31/12/03must comply with ADR 37/01Emission Control for Light Vehicles

Where satisfactory evidence can beprovided that vehicle constructioncommenced prior to 31/12/03 DTEImay accept compliance with ADR37/00.

ADR 37/.. includes exhaust emissions,

evaporative emissions, crankcasegasses and petrol filler inlets.

Diesel engine smoke (refer to ADR30/..)

External noise (refer to ADR 28/..).

10. GLAZING & VISIBILITY

Glazing material (refer to ADR 8/..)

Rear vision mirrors (refer to ADR 14/..)

Demisting of windscreens (refer toADR 42/..)

Windscreen wipers and washers (referto ADR 42/..)

Driver field of view (refer to ADR 42/..)

Primary vision area (refer to ADR 8/..)

Window tinting refer to DTEIWindow Tinting for your Motor Vehicle(MR 430)

Centre high-mounted stop lamp (referto ADR 60/..) .

11. LAMP/SIGNAL REQUIREMENTS

Headlamps (refer to ADR 46/..)

Front position lamps (refer to ADR49/..)

Rear position lamps (refer to ADR

49/..)

Rear registration plate illuminatingdevice (refer to ADR 48/..)

Retro-reflectors (refer to ADR 47/..)

Hazard warning signals (refer to ADR13..)

Globes (refer to ADR 51/..)

Reversing lamps (refer to ADR 1/..)

Direction indicator lamps (refer to ADR6/..)

Centre high - mounted stop lamp(refer to ADR 60..).

12. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Turning circle (refer to ADR 43/..)

Controls (refer to ADR 42/..)

Electrical wiring (refer to ADR 42/..)

Exhaust outlets (refer to ADR 42/..)

Ventilation (refer to ADR 42/..)

Reverse gear (refer to ADR 42/..)

Engine number (refer to ADR 43/..)

Warning device (refer to ADR 42/..)

Registration plates and labels (referto ADR43/..)

Vehicle identification number (referto ADR 43/..).

Australian Design Rules

The ADRs have been developedto provide detailed performancespecifications for safety standards invehicles with the objective of reducing:

the frequency of accidents

the severity of occupant injury whenaccidents do occur

the adverse impact of noise, smokeand gaseous emissions on thecommunity and the environment.

Components used in constructingan ICV may be taken from avehicle which complies with therelevant ADRs provided thatdetails of the make, model anddate of manufacture of the vehicleconcerned are quoted. Items whichare not identical to those from acomplying vehicle may be accepted

subject to an engineering evaluation.

Following is a resume of the relevantADRs. The requirements quoted areonly an abbreviation of compliancerequired for a vehicle to meet the intentof the specific ADRs. Every ICV isrequired to comply with the intentof the relevant ADRs listed below:

ADR number & title:

1/..Reversing Lamps

2/..Side Door Latches & Hinges3/..Seat Anchorages

4/..Seatbelts

5/..Anchorages for Seatbelts

6/..Direction Indicator Lamps

8/..Safety Glazing Material

10/..Steering Column

11/..Internal Sun Visors

13/..Installation of Lighting &Light-signalling Devices

14/..Rear Vision Mirrors

18/..Instrumentation21/..Instrument Panel

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ADR 69/..Full Frontal ImpactOccupant Protection

ADR 72/..Dynamic Side ImpactOccupant Protection

ADR 73/..Offset Frontal ImpactOccupant Protection


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22/..Head Restraints

23/..Passenger Car Tyres

25/..Anti-Theft Lock

28/..External Noise of Motor Vehicles

29/..Side Door Strength

30/..Diesel Engine Exhaust SmokeEmission

31/..Hydraulic Brake Systems forPassenger Cars

34/..Child Restraint Anchorages andChild Restraint Anchor Fittings

37/..Emission Control for Light Vehicles

42/..General Safety Requirements contains information on thefollowing:

5. Bonnet Latching

6. Diesel Engines (anti-startlocking device)

7. Controls

9. Electrical Wiring, Connections& Installations

10. Exhaust Outlets

11. External or Internal Protrusions

12. Field of View

14. Wheel Guards (Mudguards)

15. Brake Tubing & Brake Hose

16. Reverse Gear

18. Television & Visual DisplayUnits

19. Windows & Ventilation

20. Warning Devices Audible

23. Demisting of Windscreens

24. Windscreen Wipers & Washers

25. Tyre & Rim Selection

43/..Vehicle Configuration & Marking

45/..Lighting & Light SignallingDevices Not Covered By ECERegulations

46/..Headlamps

47/..Retro-reflector48/..Rear Registration Plate Illuminating

Device

49/..Front & Rear Position (Side) Lamps,Stop Lamps & End Outline MarkerLamps

51/..Filament Globes

60/..Centre High-Mounted Stop Lamp

61/..Vehicle Marking

62/..Mechanical Connections BetweenVehicles

69/..Full Frontal Impact OccupantProtection

72/..Dynamic Side Impact OccupantProtection

73/..Offset Frontal Impact OccupantProtection

ADR 1/.. REVERSING LAMPS

Intent

To specify the photometric requirementsfor reversing lamps which will warnpedestrians and other road usersthat the vehicle is about to move or

is moving in the reverse direction andwhich during the hours of darkness willaid the driver in reversing manoeuvres.

Requirements

ADR 1/.. specifies that the colour of thelight emitted shall be white.

ADR 13/.. specifies that:

there shall be one or two reversinglamps at the back of the vehiclepositioned not less than 250 mmnor more than 1200 mm above

the ground

if only one lamp is fitted it must bepositioned on the drivers side of thevehicle

the lamp or lamps shall only light upif the reverse gear is engaged andeither the ignition switch is in the onposition or the engine is running

the lamps shall be visible at 15degrees upward and 5 degreesdownward, 45 degrees to the rightand to the left if there is only one

lamp or 45 degrees outwards and 30degrees inward if there are two lamps

may not be grouped, combined orreciprocally incorporated with anyother rear lamps.

ADR 2/.. SIDE DOOR LATCHES &HINGES

Intent

To specify requirements for side door

retention components including latches,hinges and other supporting means tominimise the likelihood of occupantsbeing thrown from a vehicle as a resultof impact.

Requirements

Each door latch and striker assemblyshall be provided with two positionsconsisting of a fully latched position

and a secondary latched position whichprovide both longitudinal and transverserestraint.

Each door shall be equipped with alocking mechanism with an operatingmeans in the interior of the vehicle.When the locking mechanism isengaged, the door handles on theoutside of the front doors and all doorhandles on the rear doors shall beinoperative.

ADR 3/.. SEATS & SEATANCHORAGES

Intent

To specify requirements for seats,their attachment assemblies, and theirinstallation to minimise the possibility ofoccupant injury due to forces acting onthe seat as a result of vehicle impact.

Requirements

Each seat shall be capable ofwithstanding a load, equivalent to:

twenty times the mass of the entireseat, when applied in either a forwardor rearward direction

a 530Nm moment about the seatingreference point applied to the uppercross-member in the rearwarddirection

where a seat must hinge or foldto permit access to or egress fromanother seat the seat shall befitted with a self-locking device forrestraining the seat or seat back

The release control shall be readilyaccessible to both the occupant ofthat seat and the occupant of a seatimmediately behind that seat

where there are rear seating positions;the rear surfaces of the front seatsthat can be contacted by a personin a rear seat must be padded inaccordance with ADR 3/02.

Alternative criterion

Seats anchored through vehicle

floors made from sheet metal can beadequately secured by using 8 mmbolts and 40x40x3 mm steel backingplates.

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The upper anchorage sash location point shall be at least 140 millimetresfrom the seating reference plane (Refer to ADR 5/..)

The lower anchorages must be on opposite sides of the centre line of theseating position and located within the shaded area as shown in Figure 2.

A minimum of four anchorage bolts perseat, for single seats must be provided.For double and triple seats, additional

anchorage bolts may be required.The corners of backing plates shallhave a minimum radius of 5 mm andthe edges adjacent to the sheet metalmust be chamfered.

ADR 4/.. SEATBELTS

Intent

To specify the requirements for seatbeltsto restrain vehicle occupants underimpact conditions, to facilitate fasteningand correct adjustment, to assist thedriver to remain in the seat and thusmaintain control of the vehicle in anemergency situation, and to provideprotection against ejection in anaccident situation.

Requirements

All outboard seating positions shallbe fitted with a lap/sash seatbelt whichincorporates a dual lock emergencylocking retractor mechanism.

All inboard seating positions shall be

fitted with either a lap belt or a lap-sashbelt.

Only new seatbelts, complyingwith Australian Standard 2596- Seatbelt Assemblies for MotorVehicles or AS E35 Pt 1 - 1970- Seatbelt Assemblies for MotorVehicles, or any other approvedstandard accepted as equivalent, canbe fitted.

Instructions for use of seatbeltassemblies shall be included in thevehicle handbook, or otherwise suppliedwith the vehicle. The instructions shallbe in accordance with the ADR.

LOCATION - Seatbelt ANCHORAGES


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Anchorages must be provided to suit the seatbelts required by ADR 4/.. Theymust be positioned so that the seatbelt webbing is able to function properly,without rubbing against any sharp edges.

The upper anchorage is to be located within the shaded area shown inFigure 1.


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ADR 5/.. ANCHORAGES FORSEATBELTS

Intent

To specify the requirements foranchorages for seatbelt assemblies sothat they may be adequately securedto the vehicle structure or seat and willmeet comfort requirements in use.

Requirements

A report prepared by a CharteredProfessional Engineer whichdemonstrates compliance with ADR 5/..must be presented or the anchoragesshall be designed, located andconstructed so that they meet withthe alternative criterion.

Because seatbelts are generally madeto standard lengths it is essential thatthe lower anchorages be placed in aposition behind the seat so as to allowfor the buckle of the buckle strap orstalk to be located at the side of the hipof a seated occupant. The buckle mustnot be allowed to rest on the seatedpersons abdomen.

The optimum distance between thelower anchorages of a seatbelt isfrom 250 mm to 350 mm with the

minimum distance being 165 mm. Thelower seatbelt anchorages must notbe superimposed i.e. each seatbeltmust be anchored by a separate bolt.Anchorages provided for differentseating positions are to be separatedby at least 200 mm.

Construction - seatbelt anchorages

All anchorages must be able towithstand a force of at least 10 kNapplied for not less than 30 secondsalong the direction of the line of theseatbelt. Under test conditions some

deformation is permitted but theanchorage must not pull away fromthe structure.

Proof of the strength of anchoragesshall be by calculation, physical testingor where applicable in accordance withthe alternative criterion.


When anchorages are located in vehiclefloors, parcel shelves or other areas ofthe vehicle made from sheet metal, steel

backing plates (approximately 75 x 50 x3 mm) are normally adequate.

The size of the seatbelt anchoragebacking plate depends upon thestrength of the material to which theanchorage is fastened. The following

must be taken into consideration whendetermining the size of the plate:

a. the thickness of the floorpan,upperbody or pillar material

b. the shape of the floorpan, upperbodyor pillar, whether flat, corrugated,fluted, curved box or compositesection

c. the type of material from whichthe floorpan, upperbody or pillarhas been constructed (e.g. steel,aluminium).

The corners of all backing plates areto have a 5 mm minimum radius andedges adjacent to the body are to bechamfered.

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ndividually Constructed Vehicles MARCH 2007

The anchor bolts must be tightenedto the correct tension using a torquewrench. The bolt must fully engage allthe thread of the nut and this may mean

that a longer bolt than that suppliedwith the seatbelt kit is required. Finethreaded 7/16 (11 mm) mild steel boltsare usually used. Anchorages mustnot be fitted through wood or wherewood or other non- metal material issandwiched between steel.

Do not fit anchorages in aluminiumor fibreglass panels without obtainingspecific approval from the Engineer.Anchorages and fittings must beprotected from corrosion by suitablepaint or other anti-corrosive substance.The general construction of anchoragesis shown in Figures 3 and 4 below.


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ADR 6/.. DIRECTION INDICATORLAMPS

Intent

To specify the photometric and fieldof view requirements for directionindicators which will provide adequatewarning to other road users ofthe intention to perform a turningmanoeuvre.

Requirements

The colour of the light emitted shallbe amber

The light emitted from the front andrear lamps shall be visible at all angles

between 45 degrees inboardand 80 degrees outboard and15 degrees above and below thehorizontal within these boundaries

The mounting and visibility of indicatorlamps is shown in Figure 5.

ADR 13/.. SPECIFIES THAT:

there shall be:

i) two front direction indicator lamps

ii) two rear direction indicator lamps

iii) two repeating side directionindicator lamps.

the outside edges of the lamps at thefront and rear shall not be more than400 mm from the outer edge of thevehicle

the distance between the inner edgesof the lamps at the front and rear shallbe not less than 600 mm

the side direction indicator lampsshall not be more than 1800 mmfrom the front of the vehicle (the sidelamps may be combined with the frontlamps)

the lamps at the front and rear shallbe not less than 350 mm nor morethan 1500 mm above the ground

the side lamps shall be not less than500 mm nor more than 1500 mmabove the ground

the direction indicator lamps shallswitch on independently of any otherlamps

all direction indicator lamps on oneside of the vehicle shall be switchedon and off by means of one controland shall flash in phase at a rate ofbetween 60 and 120 times per minute

the vehicle shall be fitted with audibleand/or visible indicator for thedirection indicator lamps

the illuminating surface of the frontdirection indicator lamps must not beless than 40 mm from the illuminatingsurface of the dipped-beam

headlamps or fog lamps if any.

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Intent

To specify the performance

requirements of material used forexternal or internal glazing in motorvehicles which will ensure adequatevisibility under normal operatingconditions with minimum obscurationwhen shattered, and will minimise thelikelihood of serious injury if a personcomes in contact with the brokenglazing material.

Requirements

Any glass used in windscreens,windows or interior partitions shallbe of safety glass complying withone of the approved standards.

All glass shall carry an indelible markor marks visible when the glass isfitted in the vehicle. The mark or marksshall identify the type of glass and therelevant standard to which the glassconforms.

The windscreen used shall meet withthe primary vision area requirementswhich allows an average driver to see:

upwards at 10 degrees to thehorizontal

downwards to the roadway 11 metresahead of the vehicle

56 degrees to the left

15 degrees to the right of a horizontalline passing through the right eyeof the driver which is parallel to thevehicle centre line.

The primary vision area requirementsare shown in Figures 6 and 7.

ADR 8/.. SAFETY GLAZINGMATERIAL

The Visual Light Transmission of awindscreen in the Primary Vision Area(as defined in ADR 8/..) must not be lessthan 75%. It is permissible to have anarrow tinted band across the top of thewindscreen which is outside the PrimaryVision Area.

Window tinting

For Information regarding the legalrequirements for window tinting referto DTEI Window Tinting for your MotorVehicle (MR 430).

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adjustable from the drivers seatingposition, but shall be capable ofadjustment by tilting in both horizontaland vertical directions.

The mirror can be flat or convex. Theaverage radius of a convex mirror isnot to be less than 1,200 mm.

ADR 18/.. INSTRUMENTATION

Intent

To specify requirements for the provisionand location of certain visual indicators.

Requirements

A speedometer shall be fitted whichindicates the vehicle speed in kilometresper hour. A speedometer shall not readless that the actual speed of the vehicle.The speedometer must be installed sothat its indication is readily visible to thedriver when seated in the normal drivingposition.

An odometer shall be fitted whichshall indicate the distance travelled inone kilometre units (or less) from 1 to999,999 kilometres with an accuracyof +/- 4%.

The display of information presented bythe visual indicators in the following listshall, if fitted to the vehicle, meet thelocation requirements shown in Figure 8.

a. Speedometer

b. Direction indicator tell-tale lampor lamps

c. High beam indicator

d. Tachometer

e. Oil pressure indicator

e. Odometer

i. Water temperature indicator

f. Service brake failure indicator lamp

j. Battery charge failure indicator

g. Stop lamp failure indicator

k. Fuel level indicator

h. Oil temperature indicator

l. Parking brake indicator lamp

The visual indicators shall be totallyvisible to the driver with the steeringwheel in the straight ahead position,

and with the direction indicator leverin the neutral position, (the steeringwheel rim and its supporting arms andattachment do not constituteobstructions).

ADR 21/.. INSTRUMENT PANEL

Intent

To specify requirements for theinstrument panel to reduce its injurypotential to occupants on impact.

Requirements

The area of the instrument panel that

is within the Head Impact Area whenimpacted, by a given head form andvelocity, the deceleration of the headform shall not exceed 80 times theacceleration due to gravity continuouslyfor more than 3 milliseconds.Refer to ADR 69/.. for vehiclesincorporating an inflatablesupplementary restraint system(air bag).

Alternatively proof of compliancewith the alternative criterion.

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ADR 22/.. HEAD RESTRAINTS

Intent

To specify requirements for the designof head restraints so as to limit theseverity of injury in the event of rear-endimpacts (whiplash) and to ensure thatthe head restraints cannot be adjustedtoo low.

Requirements

Head restraints are to be constructedand contoured to decelerate horizontalmovements of the head withoutconcentrations of load on it.

Head restraints shall be provided foreach of the two front outboard seatingpositions.

The head restraints must be mountedon, or be integral with the seat backs.They may be provided with adjustablemounting but the upper boundary of theimpact surface shall not be lower than700 mm above the Seating ReferencePoint refer page 7.

The width of each head restraint shallnot be less than 250 mm for use withbench seats and not less than 170 mmfor use with individual seats.

The head restraint shall not measureless than 115 mm between upper andlower boundaries.


The areas not shown as exempt in Figures 9 and 10 must be covered with high density energy absorbing material.

ADR 23/.. PASSENGER CAR TYRES

Intent

To specify requirements of strength,construction and standard pressure/load relationships for passenger cartyres of particular size designations.

Requirements

Each tyre shall be conspicuouslylabelled on both sidewalls with thefollowing information:

tyre size designation

speed category

tyre carcass construction

maximum load rating or load index

identification of the tyre manufacturer

date of manufacture

word tubeless if applicable.

The labelling shall consist ofpermanently moulded characters atleast 3.8 mm high and 0.25 mm deepif below the background surface, or atleast 0.4 mm outstanding, if above thebackground surface.

Each tyre fitted to the vehicle shallincorporate at least four treadwearindicators approximately equallyspaced, each of which provides a visualindication that the tread in its vicinity hasa minimum groove depth of 1.25 mm.

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ADR 25/.. ANTI-THEFT LOCK

Intent

To specify requirements for a lock to

inhibit unauthorised use of the vehicleand to minimise possibility of inadvertentapplication of steering locks to theanti-theft position when the vehicleis in motion.

Requirements

A key operated protective deviceshall be fitted to the vehicle to preventthe engine from being started and toprevent the vehicle from being eithersteered, driven or moved forward underits own power.

This protective device and thecomponents on which it operates,shall be so designed that it cannotrapidly and without attracting anyattention, be opened, renderedineffective, or destroyed.

The protective device shall be suchthat it excludes any risk of accidentaloperation while the vehicle is in motionwhich is likely to compromise safety.

i.e. It shall not be possible to activateprotective devices acting on thesteering, transmission or gear shiftcontrol without first setting the enginecontrol to a stop condition.

It shall not be possible to activate themotive power of the vehicle by normalmeans until the protective device hasbeen deactivated.

For more information refer to ADR 25/..Anti-theft Lock.


The vehicle shall have a key operatedlock which provides:

an engine-on position which permitsthe normal functioning of the engine

an engine-off position whichprevents the normal functioning ofthe engine

an anti-theft position which preventsthe normal functioning of the engineand also inhibits unauthorised useof the vehicle.

It shall not be possible to adjust thelock from the engine-on position tothe anti-theft position without passingthrough the engine-off position.

When the key is removed the lock shallbe in the anti-theft position and it shallbe impossible either to steer the vehicleor to engage the forward drive gears orto release a brake without removal ordestruction of the device.

ADR 28/.. EXTERNAL NOISEOF MOTOR VEHICLES

Intent

To specify limits for external noisefrom motor vehicles in order to limitthe contribution of motor traffic tocommunity noise.

Requirements

The vehicle when tested in accordancewith the requirements of ADR 28/.. thesound level measured shall not exceed77 dB(A) for the vehicle in motion test

and 90 dB(A) for the stationary test.


Proof of compliance demonstratedby a stationary exhaust noise test inaccordance with the National RoadTransport Commission NationalStationary Exhaust Noise TestProcedures for In-Service MotorVehicles

ADR 29/.. SIDE DOOR STRENGTH

Intent

To specify strength and stiffness

requirements for side doors ofpassenger cars which can be usedfor occupant access to reduce intrusioninto the passenger compartment asa result of side impact.

Requirements

An Engineering Report whichdemonstrates compliance withADR 29/.. shall be submitted.


Proof of compliance with the technical

requirements of S3 and S4 of FMVSS214 35 F.R. 16801, October 30, 1970Side Door Strength Passenger Carsas amended by FMVSS 214-58 FR14169 is required to be submitted.

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ADR 30/.. DIESEL ENGINEEXHAUST SMOKE EMISSIONS

Intent

To limit the opacity of diesel engineexhaust smoke emissions.

Requirements

A diesel engine fitted to an ICV mustcomply with ADR 30/.. Smoke EmissionControl for Diesel Vehicles. ADR 30/..refers to ECE Regulation 24 UniformProvisions Concerning:

i. the approval of compression ignition(C.I.) engines with regard to theemission of visible pollutants

ii. the approval of motor vehicles

with regard to the installation ofC.I. engines of an approved type

iii. the approval of motor vehiclesequipped with C.I. engines withregard to the emission of visiblepollutants by the engine

iv. the measurement of power ofC.I. engine.

The diesel engine shall have affixedto it a durable, legible label which

indicates that the engine wasmanufactured to comply withADR 30/...

The label shall be plastic or metal andshall be bonded, welded, riveted orotherwise securely attached to a partof the engine necessary for normalengine operation and not normallyrequiring replacement during engine life.The label shall be in a position in whichit can be read after installation in thevehicle.

The engine, as installed in the vehicle,shall be adjusted to the manufacturersspecifications.

Any cold starting device shall bedesigned so that it cannot be broughtinto or retained in operation when theengine is running normally.

The vehicle shall be equipped with astopping device which is operated bythe vehicles ignition switch.

ADR 31/.. HYDRAULIC BRAKESYSTEMS FOR PASSENGER CARS

Intent

To ensure safe braking under normaland emergency conditions for vehiclesequipped with hydraulic service brakes.

Requirements

If the vehicle has a hydraulic brakingsystem it shall have:

a control for the service brake systemwhich it is readily accessible to thedriver in the normal driving position

a parking brake system such thatin the applied position retentionis effected by mechanical means.

The control by which the system isactuated is to be readily accessibleto the driver in the normal drivingposition

one or more service brake failureindicator lamps and a parking brakeindicator lamp.

An Engineering Report whichdemonstrates compliance with ADR31/.. shall be submitted or alternatively,tests should be conducted whichdemonstrate that the vehicle conformswith the alternative criterion.


Fade Test

With the vehicle unladen, fifteendeceleration modes must be conductedin accordance with ADR 31/00 but froma minimum initial speed of 60km/h,such that the sustained deceleration isnot less than 4.5 m/s2 for each modeand the distance between successivebrake applications is not more than250 metres or the maximum intervalbetween successive applications isnot more than 25 seconds.

The pedal effort as specified in ADR31/00 must not be exceeded.

Refer to DTEI Brake System TestProcedure (MR132).

Effectiveness Test

Immediately on completion of the FadeTests, two Effectiveness Tests must beconducted in accordance with item

7 of ADR 31/00 (i.e. Third EffectivenessTest).

If the instantaneous deceleration ismeasured instead of the averagedeceleration, the deceleration shall notbe less than 0.89g for any one of thetwo stops.

If the above test requirements are metwith a pedal effort of less that 150Newtons the Minimum Pedal Effort Testin accordance with the ADR 31/00 mustbe conducted.

Refer to DTEI Brake System TestProcedure (MR 132).

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ADR 34/.. CHILD RESTRAINTANCHORAGES & FITTINGS

Intent

To specify requirements for childrestraint anchorages and child restraintanchor fittings to provide for theconnection of standard attachingclips so that child restraints may beadequately secured to the vehicle.

Anchorages

Each rear seating position must haveeither a Child Restraint Anchor Fittingor a mounting point for one.

The Child Restraint Anchor Fitting isthe attachment point for the AttachingClip of a child restraint system and isusually bolted or welded to the structureof the vehicle.

Each anchorage shall be so designedand located that:

a. no items need to be removed to gainaccess to the anchorage, other than

closure plugs, and items that areremovable without the use of tools

b. clearance is provided to allow theinstallation of child restraint anchorfitting and for the latching andunlatching of the attaching clip tothe child restraint anchor fittingwithout the use of tools

c. it is within 40 mm of the centre lineof the seating position

d. it is rearward of the seat backrest

e. information including either aphotograph or a diagram regardingthe location of each Child RestraintAnchorage shall be specified inthe vehicle handbook or otherwisesupplied with the vehicle.

The information shall include:

WARNING: Child restraint anchoragesare designed to withstand only thoseloads imposed by correctly fitted childrestraints. Under no circumstances are

they to be used for adult seatbelts orharnesses.

Details on the thickness (and number)of spacers required at each ChildRestraint Anchorage location and thecorrect method of installation of ChildRestraint Anchor Fitting(s).See Figure 11.

Construction Child RestraintAnchorages

All anchorages are to be testedsimultaneously and each anchoragemust be able to withstand a force ofat least 3.4 kN.

The direction of the test load shall bewithin 20 degrees of the design line ofaction of the child restraint anchoragefitting and not more than 5 degrees tothe left or right of the longitudinal axisof the vehicle.

Under test conditions, somedeformation is permitted, but theanchorage must not pull away fromthe structure.

Proof of the strength of anchoragesshall be by calculation, physical testingor where applicable in accordance withthe alternative criterion.

Alternative Criterion

Child Restraint Anchorages locatedthrough a sheet metal section of thevehicle body such as the rear parcelshelf can be constructed by using50 x 50 x 3 mm steel backing plates,or plates of equivalent size and stiffnesswith a nut permanently attached to theunderside of the plate.

The corners of backing plates shall havea minimum radius of 5 mm and theedges adjacent to the sheet metal shall

be chamfered.

ADR 37/01 EMISSION CONTROLFOR LIGHT VEHICLES

Intent

To limit fuel evaporative emissions andexhaust emissions from motor vehiclesin order to reduce air pollution, and torequire new vehicles to be manufacturedto operate on unleaded petrol.

Requirements

Vehicle to be tested in accordancewith the requirements of ADR 37/01 orevidence to be submitted to show thatthe vehicle complies with the alternativecriterion.


The engine fitted to the vehicle shallbe designed to use unleaded petrol orLiquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as a fuel.

The engine must remain standard as

manufactured and incorporate all designfeatures and components originallyfitted to that engine.

In addition, the vehicle is required toretain any other associated componentsof the system such as the catalyticconverter.

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In the case of vehicles operating onpetrol a label of durable material withthe words UNLEADED PETROL ONLYin letters at least 6 mm high shall be

permanently affixed within 150 mm ofthe filler inlet.

The design and construction of thepetrol filler inlet shall prevent theinsertion of a leaded petrol nozzle.

Overseas sourced engines will beaccepted provided that the engine ismanufactured to a standard equivalentto ADR 37/01.

Every vehicle shall be so constructedthat crankcase gases are not permittedto escape into the atmosphere.

A label of durable material whichincludes the engine tune upspecifications shall be permanentlyaffixed in the engine compartment.The label may be a copy of the originaldonor engine label.

In the case of vehicles operating onpetrol, an Evaporative Emission ControlSystem which will prevent vaporised fuel

from the fuel system being emitted intothe atmosphere, shall be fitted.

If the engine is modified away from itsstandard specifications then the vehiclemust be tested to ADR 37/01 or by anIM240 emission testing facility or by analternative test acceptable to DTEI.

ADR 42/.. GENERAL SAFETYREQUIREMENTS

Intent

To specify design and constructionrequirements to ensure safe operationof vehicles.

Requirements

Bonnet Latching

Any movable body panel forward ofthe windscreen that serves to coveran engine, luggage, storage or batterycompartment must be provided witha latch system.

A panel opening from the front which

in any open position partially orcompletely obstructs a drivers forwardview through the windscreen shall beprovided with a second latch positionon the latch system or with a secondlatch system.

Diesel Engines

A locking device shall be providedwhich prevents the engine from beingstarted by any accidental or inadvertentmeans. (The locking device must act onthe engine and prevent it from starting,should it be cranked by accidental

means).

Steering System

The centre line of the steering controlmust not be located to the left of thecentre line of the vehicle.

Any component of the steering systemwhich is essential to the steeringoperation shall be designed to transmitenergy by mechanical means only.

Failure of any non-mechanicalcomponent of the steering system

must not prevent effective steeringof the vehicle.

Standard Controls for AutomaticTransmission

All motor vehicles equipped with anautomatic transmission shall be fittedwith a starter interlock that rendersthe engine starter inoperative whenthe transmission control lever is in anyforward or reverse drive position.

Electrical Wiring, Connections& Installations

The wiring of electrical equipment otherthan the high tension ignition wiring

shall:

be supported at intervals of not morethan 600 mm

be insulated at joints

be located in such a position that itcannot become overheated, cannotcontact moving parts nor constitutea fire hazard owing to its proximity tothe fuel system

be protected from chafing. The edgeof all holes in metal through whichthe wiring passes shall be rolled orbushed with a grommet of rubberor equivalent insulating material.

Exhaust Outlets

The exhaust outlet shall extend atleast 40 mm beyond the further mostoutboard or rearmost joint of the floorpan which is not continuously weldedor permanently sealed which couldpermit direct access of exhaust gasesto the passenger compartment, butnot beyond the perimeter of the vehiclewhen viewed in plan.

The exhaust outlet, if to the side ofthe vehicle, shall discharge to the righthand side of the vehicle and downwardsat an angle to the horizontal of not lessthan 15 degrees and not more than45 degrees.

The exhaust outlet, if to the rear of thevehicle shall discharge at not more than10 degrees above or 45 degrees belowthe horizontal.

External or Internal Protrusions

No vehicle shall be equipped with:

any object or fitting, not technicallyessential to such vehicle whichprotrudes from any part of the vehicleso that it is likely to increase the risk ofbodily injury to any person

any object or fitting technicallyessential to such vehicles unless itsdesign, construction and conditionsand the manner in which it is affixedto the vehicle are such as to reduce toa minimum the risk of bodily injury toany person

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any object or fitting which, becauseit is pointed or has a sharp edge, islikely to increase the risk of bodilyinjury to any person

any bumper bar the end of which isnot turned towards the body of thevehicle to a sufficient extent to avoidany risk of hooking or grazing.

Field of View

A motor vehicle must not beconstructed in a manner whichprevents the driver from having anadequate view of traffic on either sideof the vehicle and in all directions infront of the vehicle to enable thevehicle to be driven with safety.

No passenger seating position may bemore than 100 mm in front of the driversseating position when both seats are inthe rear most position of adjustment.

No motor vehicle must be constructedwith a passenger seating position at therighthand side of the driver.

Wheel Guards (Mudguards)

The vehicle must be provided withwheel guards (part of the bodywork,mudguards etc) which shall be sodesigned as to protect other road users,as far as practicable, against thrown-upstones, mud, ice, snow and water andto reduce for those users the dangersdue to contact with the moving wheels.

The wheel guards shall meet thefollowing requirements when the wheelsare in the straight ahead position:

a. In the part formed by radial planes

at an angle of 30 degrees to the frontand 50 degrees to the rear of thecentre of the wheel (i.e. the part of themudguard between D and E in Figure12), the overall width (q) of the wheelguards must be at least sufficient tocover the tyre Section Width (b) ofthe tyres fitted to the vehicle, takinginto account the extremes of tyre/wheel combinations that maybe fitted to the vehicle.

b. The rear of the wheel guards mustnot terminate above a horizontal

plane 150 mm above the centre ofthe wheel and the intersection of theedge of the wheel guards with thisplane (point A, Figure 12) shall lieoutside the centreline of the tyre.

c. The contour and location of thewheel guards shall be such that theyare as close to the tyre as possibleand they shall satisfy the followingrequirements:

The lower lip of the outer edge ofthe guard shall be at least 30 mmdeep directly above the centre ofthe wheel. This depth (p) may bereduced progressively to zero atpoints D and E.

The wheel guards may consist ofseveral components, provided thatno gaps exist between or within theindividual parts when assembled.

The wheel guards shall be securelyattached. However they may bedetachable either as a unit or in parts.

The front wheel guard itself or inconjunction with other components(e.g. bumper bars) of the vehicle bodyor chassis shall prevent direct contactwith the upper half of the wheel in aforward collision.

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Brake Tubing & Brake Hose

Air or vacuum brake tubing and airand vacuum brake hose, flexible andhydraulic power hose between the

brake power unit and the mastercylinder or its equivalent shall conformto SAE, or other approved standardsspecified for air/vacuum or hydraulictubing or hose. Brake tubing and hosesare to be fitted to the vehicle to preventchafing, kinking or other mechanicaldamage under normal operatingconditions.

Reverse Gear

An ICV shall be capable of beingoperated by the driver from the normal

seating position in both forward andreverse directions.

Television & Visual Display Units

All television receivers or visual displayunits shall be installed so that no part ofthe image on the screen is visible to thedriver from the normal driving positionunless:

a. the television receiver or visual displayunit cannot be operated while thevehicle is moving, or

b. the television receiver or visual displayunit is a drivers aid.

Examples of drivers aid include, closed-circuit security cameras, navigational orintelligent highway and vehicle systems(GPS), rear view screens and vehiclemonitoring devices.

All television receivers or visual displayunits and their associated equipmentshall be mounted in a position which:

does not obscure the drivers vision

does not impede driver or passengermovement in the vehicle

is unlikely to increase the risk ofoccupant injury.

Windows & Ventilation

At least half the number of windowsshall be capable of being opened orthe vehicle shall be provided with analternative method of ventilation.

Power Operated Window Systems

Power operated windows, if fitted shallcomply with the requirements of ADR42/.. Clause 19.3 Power Operated

Window Systems. Power operatedwindows should not be operational 45seconds after the ignition is turned off.

Warning Devices Audible

No device capable of producing asound resembling that produced by anysiren, repeater horn, bell or whistle shallbe attached to an ICV.

A repeater horn is any devicewhich emits an audible soundalternating between different tones orfrequencies on a regular time cycle.

Every motor vehicle shall be fitted withat least one warning device capableof giving sufficient audible warning ofthe presence of the vehicle. It shallgive an audible signal having constantamplitude and frequency characteristics.It may be powered by any energysource including compressed air.

A further device may be fitted whichemits an intermittent audible signal onlywhen reverse gear is selected. Theaudible signal is to warn persons of theproximity of the reversing vehicle andshould not be louder than is necessaryfor this purpose.

Demisting of Windscreens

Every motor vehicle having awindscreen must be fitted with adevice capable of removing condensedmoisture from the inside of the

windscreen.

Windscreen Wipers & Washers

Every motor vehicle having awindscreen must be fitted with apower-driven windscreen wipingsystem.

Every motor vehicle having awindscreen wiping system must havea windscreen washing system thatcan direct water on to the windscreenwithin the area swept by the windscreenwipers.

The device or devices for operating thewipers and washer must be able to becontrolled by the driver in the normaldriving position.

ADR 43/.. VEHICLECONFIGURATION & MARKING

Intent

To specify requirements for vehicleconfiguration and dimensions.

Requirements

Turning Circle

Every motor vehicle shall have a turningcircle in either direction (as determined

by reference to the extreme outer edgeof the tyre track at ground level) notexceeding 25 metres in diameter.

Ground Clearance

The ground clearance of a vehiclemeasured from a horizontal road surfaceto any point of the underside of thevehicle except the tyres, wheels andwheel hubs shall, with the vehicle in itsmaximum laden condition be not lessthan 100 mm.

Note:For vehicles with a wheelbasedimension exceeding 3 m or with rearoverhang exceeding 1.5m refer to ADR43/..

Overall Width

The overall width of a vehicle must notexceed 2,500 mm.

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ADR 46/.. HEADLAMPS

Intent

To specify the photometric requirements

for headlamps which will provideadequate illumination for the driver ofthe vehicle without producing undueglare for other road users.

Requirements

Only lamps complying with ADR 46/..are acceptable. The headlamps shall besuitably handed for right-hand drive andthe colour of light emitted shall be white.

Headlamps shall be so designed andmade, that in normal use despite the

vibration to which they may then besubjected, their satisfactory operationcontinues to be ensured.

The components by which the filamentglobe is fixed to the reflector shall beso made that, even in darkness, theglobe can be fixed in no position but thecorrect one.

The headlamps shall be so made thatthey give adequate illumination withoutdazzle on the passing beam, and goodillumination on the driving beam.

ADR 13/.. specifies that the vehicle shallhave:

two or four main-beam headlampspositioned at the front of the vehicleand fitted in such a way that the lightemitted does not cause discomfort tothe driver either directly or indirectlythrough the rear view mirrors or otherreflecting surfaces of the vehicle

the outer edges of the illuminatingsurfaces of the main-beam headlampsmust not be closer to the outer edgeof the vehicle than the outer edges ofthe illuminating surface of the dipped-beam headlamps

the main-beam headlamps may beswitched on either simultaneouslyor in pairs. For changing over fromthe main-beam to the dipped-beamall main-beam headlamps shall beswitched off simultaneously

a circuit-closed main-beam headlamptell-tale the colour of which shall beblue

two dipped-beam headlampspositioned at the front of the vehiclewith the outer edges of the illuminatingsurfaces being not more than 400 mm

from the extreme outer edges of thevehicle and with the inner edges of theilluminating surfaces being not lessthan 600 mm apart

the lower edge of the illuminatingsurfaces shall be not less than 500mm above the ground and the higheredges not more than 1200 mm abovethe ground

the dipped-beam may remainswitched on at the same time as themain-beams

the control for changing over to thedipped-beam shall be a hand or footoperated switch within reach of thedriver in the normal driving position.The dipped beam and main-beamheadlamps may be grouped togetheror with other front lamps.

ADR 47/.. RETRO-REFLECTORS

Intent

To specify the dimensional, photometricand stability requirements for retro-

reflectors which will ensure that theyeffectively warn of the presence of thevehicle and continue to do so in normaluse.

Requirements

Retro-reflecting devices must beso constructed that they functionsatisfactorily and will continue to doso in normal use.

The components of retro-reflectingdevices must not be capable of beingeasily dismantled and the retro-reflecting

optical units must not be replaceable.

The outer surface of retro-reflectingdevices must be easy to clean andso it must not be a rough surface.Only complying reflectors will beaccepted.

The shape of illuminating surfaces ofretro-reflecting devices must fit withina 200 mm diameter circle. The shape ofthe illuminating surfaces must be simpleand not easily confused at normalobservation distances with a letter,

number or a triangle. The colouring ofretro-reflecting optical units by meansof paint and varnish is not permitted.

ADR 13/.. specifies that: a vehicle shall have two or more rear

retro-reflectors (non-triangular) affixedat the rear of the vehicle with theouter edge of the illuminating surfacebeing not more that 400 mm from theextreme outer edge of the vehicle

the retro-reflectors shall not be lessthan 250 mm nor more than 900 mmabove the ground

they shall be visible in the horizontalplain up to 30 degrees either side ofcentre and up to 15 degrees above

and below the horizontal

the illuminating surface of the retro-reflectors may have parts in commonwith any other red lamp situated at therear

the rear retro-reflectors shall be red.

ADR 48/.. REAR REGISTRATIONPLATE ILLUMINATING DEVICES

Intent

To specify the lighting requirementsfor rear registration plate il luminatingdevices which will ensure that therear registration plate is adequatelyilluminated.

Requirements

The light of the lamp used in theilluminating device must be sufficientlycolour-less not to cause any appreciablechange in the colour of the registrationplate.

ADR 13/.. specifies that: the vehicle shall have a rear

registration plate lamp so positionedthat it will illuminate the site of theregistration plate

the field of visibility of the illuminatedsurface shall be 5 degrees above andbelow the horizontal and 30 degreesto either side.

The South Australian Road Traffic(Vehicle Standards) Rules 1999requirethat the number plate can be read atnight at a distance of 20m from the rearof the vehicle.


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ADR 49/.. FRONT & REAR POSITION(SIDE) LAMPS, STOP LAMPS ANDEND-OUTLINE MARKER LAMPS

Intent

To specify the photometric requirementsfor vehicle light-signalling deviceswhich will signal to other road users theposition, orientation and movement ofthe vehicle without producing undueglare for other road users.

Requirements

Front Position Lamps


the vehicle shall have two frontposition (side) lamps which shall

emit a white light

they shall be so positioned at the frontof the vehicle that the outer edges ofthe illuminating surfaces are not morethan 400 mm from the extreme outeredges of the vehicle

they shall be not less than 350 mmnor more than 1500 mm above theground

they shall be visible at all horizontalangles between 45 degrees inboardand 80 degrees outboard and at all

vertical angles between 15 degreesabove and below the horizontal.

Rear Position Lamps


the vehicle shall have two rear position(side) lamps which emit a red light

they shall be so positioned at the rearof the vehicle that the outer edges ofthe illuminating surfaces are not morethan 400 mm from the extreme outeredges of the vehicle


they shall be visible at all horizontalangles between 45 degrees inboardand 80 degrees outboard and at allvertical angles between 15 degreesabove and below the horizontal.

Stop Lamps


the vehicle shall have two stop

lamps which emit a red light they shall be so positioned at the rear

of the vehicle that the outer edges ofthe illuminating surfaces are not morethan 400 mm from the extreme outeredges of the vehicle


they shall be visible at all horizontalangles between 45 degrees inboardand outboard and at all vertical anglesbetween 15 degrees above and belowthe horizontal

the lamps must light up when theservice brake is applied. They neednot function if the engine control isin the off position i.e. ignition off.

ADR 51/.. FILAMENT GLOBES

Intent

To specify the dimensional andphotometric requirements for

filament globes which will ensureinterchangeability and correctfunctioning when installed in a lamp.

Requirements

All filament globes installed invehicle lamps must comply with therequirements of ADR 51/.. FilamentLamps.

(Most commercially available automotivelight globes will comply with ADR 51/..)

ADR 60/.. - CENTRE HIGH-MOUNTED STOP LAMP

Intent

To specify requirements forsupplementary Centre High-MountedStop Lamp on the rear of the vehicle toprovide an additional indication to otherroad users, that the driver of the vehicleis applying the service brakes.

The colour of the light emitted shall bered.

The lamp shall:

have an effective projected luminousarea of not less than 30 squarecentimetres

not contain symbols, letters orcharacters other than those necessaryfor part number, manufacturersidentification and/or approval numberidentification

provide access for convenientreplacement of the globe withoutthe use of special tools

provide a steady warning light

not be grouped with any other lamp

not be combined with any other lampor reflective device

not be reciprocally incorporated withany other lamp

be illuminated when the servicebrakes of the vehicle are applied.

The lamp is to be mounted such thatit is:

in width - on the vehicles medianlongitudinal plane

in height either not more than

150 mm above the bottom edgeof the rear window or not less than850 mm above the ground

facing rearward

if the lamp is mounted inside thevehicle it shall be shrouded to theglass, or other means shall beprovided to minimise reflections fromthe light of the lamp upon the rearwindow glazing that might be visibleto the driver when viewed directly, orindirectly, in the rear vision mirror.

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ADR 61/.. VEHICLE MARKING

Intent

To specify requirements for vehicle

marking.

Requirements

Identification Number (VIN). Everyvehicle shall have a unique VehicleIdentification Number (VIN). The VINfor an ICV is issued by DTEI, VehicleStandards, and must be applied tothe vehicle in accordance with theinstructions contained in the Statementof Requirements for the vehicle. TheStatement of Requirements is alsoissued by Vehicle Standards andmust accompany the vehicle when

it is presented for its RoadworthyInspection.

Engine Number

An identification number shall be legibleand permanently stamped on the maincomponent of the engine at the timeof its manufacture and shall be locatedwhere it can readily be seen when theengine is installed in the vehicle.

Registration Plates

Provision shall be made for mounting a

registration plate that is to be affixed tothe front and rear of the vehicle so thatno part of the registration plate will bemore than 1300 mm from the ground.

No part of the vehicle, including anyproduction options or equipment mustbe located to obscure any part of theregistration plate(s).

DYNAMIC OCCUPANTPROTECTION

ADR 69/.. FULL FRONTAL IMPACTOCCUPANT PROTECTION,

ADR 72/.. DYNAMIC SIDE IMPACTOCCUPANT PROTECTION

ADR 73/.. OFFSET FRONTALIMPACT OCCUPANT PROTECTION

These ADRs involve crash testingof vehicles containing wiredanthropomorphic dummies to verifycompliance.

Individually Constructed Vehicles are notrequired to verify compliance with theseADRs due to the costly, complex and

destructive nature of the crash testing,however:

a. Vehicle designers should considercrash survivability, and occupantprotection as high priority andincorporate features that are likelyto minimise injury to occupants inthe event of an accident.

b. A metal placard must be fitted tothe vehicle warning occupants thatthe vehicle has not been tested inaccordance with Australian DesignRules 69, 72 and 73. See figure 13.

c. A permanent label must be sewnon to the seatbelt webbing of thefront outboard seating positions, justbelow the upper anchorage when the

seatbelt is fully retracted, so that it iseasily visible to the occupant beforethe seatbelt is secured. The labelshould contain the warning shownin figure 13 and should be at least100 x 30 mm in size.

d. The warning displayed on the metalplacard and the seatbelts must alsobe contained in the vehicle handbookor otherwise be supplied with thevehicle.

AIRBAGS

Due to the highly technical and

complex nature of airbag design andthe associated calibration necessary toensure proper operation without falsedeployment, it is not recommended tofit airbags to ICVs.

GAS DISCHARGE HEADLAMPS

Gas discharge headlamps may befitted to an ICV but are inherentlycomplex, expensive and are subjectto additional requirements beyondthat of regular headlamps. Refer toADR 13/.. Installation of Lighting andLight Signalling Devices on other thanL-Group Vehicles and ADR 77/.. GasDischarge Headlamps.

Further information

Contact the Department for Transport,

Energy and Infrastructure:

Vehicle Services

Kateena Street, Regency Park

PO Box 1 Walkerville SA 5081

Telephone: 1300 882 248

Internet: www.dtei.sa.gov.au

Fax: (08) 8348 9533

This Information Manual is provided for information only.

No responsibility will be accepted from the use of the

information contained in this Information Manual.

MR850 03/07

WARNING

This vehicle has not been tested in accordance

with the following Australian Design Rules

ADR69/.. Full Frontal Impact Occupant Protection

ADR72/.. Dynamic Side Impact Occupant Protection

ADR73/.. Offset Frontal Impact Occupant Protection

It may not provide the level of occupant protection

required by these rules

Figure 13


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Notes

Individually Constructed Vehicles

Documents

Transcript of Individually Constructed Vehicles