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Direct and Reported Speech

* Direct Speech: -Is the exact words someone said.

-We use quotation marks ( ).

Ex: I speak French she said.

* Reported Speech: - Is what someone said but not his o r her exact words.

-We dont use quotation marks.

Ex: She said (that) she spoke (or speaks) French.

Direct Speech Reported Speech

Present Simple

I like to play tennis she said

Past Simple

She said (that) she likes to play tennis.

Present ContinuousIm feeling great he said

Past ContinuousHe said (that) he was feeling great

Past Simple

I saw my boyfriend she said

Past Perfect

She said (that) she had seen her boyfriend.

Present Perfect

Ive never been in Paris he said

Past Perfect

He said (that) he had never been in Paris.

Present Modal

We must go to the supermarket she said

Past Modal

She said (that) they had to go to the supermarket

Will

I will go to the party he said

Would

He said (that) he would go to the party.

OTHER CHANGES:

Tomorrow --------- the next day; the

following day

Yesterday ---------- the day before

Here --------- there

This / that ------- the

These --------- those

The day after tomorrow --------- in two

days time

Ago --------- before, previously

This morning --------- that morning

Today ----------- that day

Tonight ----------- that night

Next /on Tuesday --------- the

following Tuesday

Last Tuesday --------- the previous

*The personal and possessive

pronouns must also be changed

according to the person referred to.

i.e. Peter asked Ann: When are we

going to visit your parents?Peter asked Ann when they were

going to visit her parents.

*STATEMENTS:

We use that. (It can be omitted). i.e. John said: I

dont like meat ------- John said that he didnt like

*WH- QUESTIONS:

Reported questions change the word order of the

original question:

i.e. Whats the time? ------- she asked what time it

was.

How is your mother? ------ he asked me how my

mother was.

Word order: wh- + sub ect + verb + com lements

*IF / WHETHER QUESTIONS:

-Any question, except those starting with any wh-

pronoun:

i.e. Are you angry? ----- He asked if/whether I wasangry.

Did you see the film? ------ She asked if/whether I had

seen the film.

Word order: if/whether + subject + verb +com lements

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EXERCISES:

STATEMENTS:

1. She said: Im waiting for Joan.

2. He said: I dont like the idea.3. She said: the car isnt at my house.

4. He said: I ll see them soon

5. She said: Im going to the cinema

6. He said: I see the children quite often

7. He said: Ive already met their parents

8. She said: I stayed in a hotel for a few weeks

9. He said: I must go home to make the dinner

10. She said: I haven t been waiting long

11. She said: I ll tell them the news on Saturday

12. She said: I can drive

13. He said: I walked home after the party

14. She said: I spoke to Jane last week15. She said: I dont like this film

16. She said: We went swimming today

17. He said: I met her about three months ago

18. She said: Pete and Sue are getting married tomorrow

19. She said: I really like this furniture

20. They said: We visited her this morning

QUESTIONS (WH- AND YES/NO):

For example: Which book did you take? (he)

He wanted to know which book I had taken.

Are you wearing your overcoat? (she)

She wanted to know if I was wearing my overcoat.

1. Did you telephone your mother? (he)

2. Is the box made of cardboard? (she)

3. How much did it cost? (he)

4. Are you meeting the director tomorrow? (she)

5. What are you doing? (he)

6. How far do I have to walk? (she)7. Have you had anything to eat? (he)

8. Are you in a hurry? (she)

9. When does the performance start? (he)

10. How long does the journey take? (she)

11. Where did you stay in Paris? (he)

12. Have you had any letters? (she)

13. Do you like having holidays abroad? (he)

14. Did you see the accident? (she)

15. Which school did you go to? (he)

16. When did you start learning Spanish? (she)

17. Are you French? (he)

18. Have you ever been to Japan? (she)