Strengthening the link - Promoting indigenous foods for nutrition in four mega-diverse countries
Indigenous foods and diabetes
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Transcript of Indigenous foods and diabetes
DIABETES
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic
disorder which is characterized by
hyperglycemia due to an absolute or
relative lack of insulin or due to a
cellular resistance to insulin.
BURDEN OF
DIABETES
GLOBAL INDIA
2010 285 million 51 million
2030 438 million 87 million
Source: Diabetes Care,2009
INDIGENOUS FOODS- IN BRIEF Indigenous means native to a
particular region or environment.
‘Indigenous’ is derived from the Latin word
‘indigenus’- born in a country.
‘indigena’ – sprung from the land.
‘indu’-within; gignere- to beget.
Source: The American Heritage® Science Dictionary
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
RESEARCHES ON INDIGENOUS FOODS AND DIABETES
Using Traditional Foods and Sustainable Ecological Approaches for Health Promotion has become very common now and there have been many researches carried out on the same.
Some of the researches on the effect of indigenous foods on diabetes are as follows.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
# FENUGREEK
Fenugreek seeds are rich source of fibre. (mucilaginous fibre- 20% and total fibre- 50%)
Presence of trigonelline- an alkaloid and 4-hydroxyisoleucine(amino acid) which are present in fenugreek are known to reduce blood sugar.
Fenugreek is taken by diabetics in the form of seeds, leaves and sprouts.
However, some researches say that fenugreek preparations can be used only as supportive therapy.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
# JAMUN
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
• Jamun is a very rich source of Vitamin
C, calcium, phosphorus and iron.
• This has been traditionally used by
Unani, Ayurvedic and other Asian
medicine systems for controlling
diabetes.
• Jamun seeds, extracts of the bark,
leaves and the fruit as such, are
beneficial for lowering blood sugar
and glycosuria.
• The main ingredient with anti-
diabetic function in jamun seeds is
the jamboline chemical.
JAMUN (contd)
Many studies have shown that
jambul or jamun has such
hypoglycemic effects that can
reduce upto 30% of blood sugar.
With the catalytic activity and
association with other inorganic or
inactive substances in the seed, it
exhibits the anti diabetic activity
says some researches.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
# AMLA
Amla or the Indian gooseberry is one
of the richest sources of vitamin C.
Many researches have established
that Emblica Officinalis or the amla is
effective in lowering fasting blood
sugar or glycated hemoglobin
(HBA1C) levels in diabetic patients
(in just half an hour).
The polyphenol-rich fruit actually has
properties that can protect the body
from oxidative properties of high
blood sugar due to it’s strong free
radical scavenging activity.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
#BITTERGOURD Bitter gourd fruits and the whole plant is
rich in plant insulin-polypeptide-P. Polypeptide-P is a bio-chemical which is effective in reducing blood sugar.
Bitter gourd contains many beneficial compounds including bitter glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, phenolics, oils, free acids, polypeptides, sterols, 17-amino acids and p-insulin repair damaged beta cells, increase insulin levels as well as enhance the sensitivity of insulin.
Many researches too have established the effectiveness of bitter melon on blood sugar levels.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
#CINNAMON
Cinnamon lowers blood sugar by stimulating insulin activity.
The chemical hydroxychalcone has been identified as a potential active ingredient in cinnamon, which is believed to modify the sensitivity of cells to insulin, enhancing their uptake.
A research conducted on people with Type 2 diabetes establishes that 1-6 g of cinnamon per day lowers serum glucose.
Some researches say that cinnamon improves fasting blood glucose, and blood lipid levels, but no significant effect has been observed on A1C.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
# BASIL LEAVES. Basil (tulsi) is composed of antioxidants
and essential oils that yield eugenol,
methyl eugenol and caryophyllene,
and they also yield other substances
such as ursolic acid and apigenin.
Basil leaves helps beta cells of
pancreas function in a proper manner
whereby, enhancing the secretion of
insulin.
Researchers have theorized that holy
basil leaves may improve pancreatic
beta cell function and thus
enhance insulin secretion.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
BASIL LEAVES (contd)
Preliminary trials of basil (Ocimim
sanctum) leaves and hairy
basil (Ocimum canum) seeds have
shown that these herbs may help
people with type 2 diabetes control
their blood sugar levels.
Holy basil has not yet been studied in
people with type 1 diabetes.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
# MANGO LEAVES While mango fruit is not meant for
diabetics, mango leaves are!
Mango leaves contain organic compounds tarakserol-3beta and ethyl acetate which stimulates insulin production.
The aqueous extract of mango leaves have hypoglycemic activity. It reduces the intestinal absorption of glucose thus helping in lowering sugar levels in blood.
Many researches have proven evidences about mango leaves’ anti-diabetic properties.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
# FLAX SEEDS
Flaxseeds (Alsi) have high omega-3
fat, lignans and high fiber content.
The studies have shown that
people who consumed flaxseed had
blood sugar levels 28 per cent lower
an hour after eating than their
counterparts who did not.
Researches say that flaxseeds
prevent spikes in blood sugar and
keeps blood sugar levels more stable
for longer.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
#GARLIC
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
• Studies have found that garlic helps in
controlling abnormally high blood
sugar levels in diabetics.
• Few studies however have addressed
garlic's effects on diabetic
cardiomyopathy.
• Research have shown that certain
compounds in garlic such as allicin,
allyl propyl disulfide and s-allyl cysteine
sulfoxide works in increasing the
amount of insulin in the blood by
blocking the liver’s inactivation of
insulin and thus make insulin available
to the body.
#NEEM LEAVES
Neem is beneficial for diabetes due to
its anti-hyperglycemic activity.
The compound 3-deacetyl-3-
cinnamoyl-azadirachtin present in the
neem leaves help controlling the
blood glucose level.
These leaves enhance insulin receptor
sensitivity.
Many research prove that neem
leaves posses anti-diabetic properties
and they delay the onset of diabetes.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
#CURRY LEAVES Curry leaves are potent anti-diabetic
agents.
The type and amount of fiber and the bio active compounds Murrayacinine, Isomahanimbine/ Mahanimbicine, Mahanimboline contained within the leaves also play a significant role in lowering blood sugar levels.
A study published in The Journal of Plant food for Nutrition, found that curry leaves have a great impact on the blood sugar levels of diabetics. They showed that not only does it help lower the blood sugar levels, but also kept in check for a few days after the administration of curry leaves.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes
CONCLUSIONFrom the results of the research articles based
on ‘Indigenous foods and Diabetes’, it is
proved that the indigenous foods do have
anti-diabetic properties but still they can be
used only as supportive therapy. However,
they play a role in delaying the onset of the
disease. This kind of study needs to be
focussed on the synergistic effect of these
compounds as well.
Indigenous Foods And Diabetes