India Presentation com

8/8/2019 India Presentation com

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February 15, 2007 2007 Thayumanasamy & Gnanabhanu Somasundaram 1

India: Heritage, Culture, &Customs

Thayumanasamy &

Gnanabhanu SomasundaramTallahassee, FL 32317

India in Transition


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Few Words @ the Beginning

We are thankful for theopportunityGlad that many of youcameWe are neither professionalspeakers nor expertsTalk is based on ourpersonal observationsErrors and mistakes areour ownWe are from SoutheasternIndiaWe speak a language calledTamil


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About the Speakers

ThayumanasamySomasundaram [ Soma ]FSU Assoc ResearchIn the US since 1989Born in Rural IndiaRaised in India till 30Ph.D in Chemistry

GnanabhanuSomasundaram [ Gina ]Leon County LibraryIn the US since 1992Born in Urban IndiaRaised in India till 25Engineer


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Which India: Rural or Urban?

Rural/Urban: 70/30 ( US 30/70 )Father of India

Mohandas KaramchandGandhi ( Gandhiji )

India does not live in her

cities, she lives in her villages M.K. Gandhi,1931.My Grandfather

Sardar A. VedaratnamPillai

Firm believer in educatingwomen. India can attain self-sufficiency only when ruralwomen have education andeconomic status in free India.


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Which India: Poor or Rich?


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India: Historic Time Line

3000BCE

2000BCE

1000BCE

0CE

250CE

500CE

750CE

1000CE

1250CE

1500CE

1750CE

2000CE

- Indus Valley

- Medieval India

- Post-Medieval

- Vedic Time

- Ancient India

- British

- Modern

Wikipedia

-Harappan

Civilization

-BuddhaBorn

-Mahavir (Jainism)

-ClassicalSanskrit

-Alexander the Great

-TamilGrammar

-Kushan

-Gupta

-Md Gazini

-Chalukya

-Chola(South)

-Babur

-SeashoreTemple (South)

-Tanjore Temple(South)

-Taj Mahal-Khajuraho

-EastIndia Co

-BritIndia War -Free-India

-Gandiji

BCE: Before the Common EraCE: Common Era


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National Symbols of India

TruthAlone

Triumphs

www.india.gov.in


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Geographic Features of India

India ( B harat )South AsiaOne of the OldestCivilizations2 nd Populace Country

~1/3 US size~3 time more people

Himalayas in NorthIndian Ocean (S), Bay of Bengal (E) & Arabic Sea(W)Sri Lanka (S), Myanmar &Bangladesh (E), Nepal,Bhutan, & China (N), &Pakistan & Afghanistan(W)

www.worldatlas.com


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Environment of India

North: HimalayasSouth, East, & West: SeasLatitude: (E-W): 32 -10 NLongitude: (N-S): 70-90 E

Tallahassee (30 N; 84 W)

Summer: March to JuneMonsoon: June to OctoberWinter: October to March

wikipedia.org


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Government

Gained Independence from British on August 15, 1947Became a Democratic Republic on January 26, 1950

Constitution of India adopted395 Articles and 7 Schedules

93 AmendmentsPresident Head of the StateParliamentPrime MinisterCouncil of Ministers

Members of the ParliamentBased on British System


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Government of India (Central)

ParliamentHead of Nation: President

Dr. A.P.J. Kalam

Head of Government:Prime Minister

Dr. Man Mohan Singh

Cabinet of MinistersTwo ChambersLokh Sabha (PeoplesHouse)

MP elected by people

Rajhya Sabha (StatesHouse)

Appointed by States

Supreme Court www.india.gov.in


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Government of India (State)

States are Semi-IndependentHead of State: GovernorHead of Government: Chief MinisterCabinet of MinistersMembers of Legislative Assembly (Elected)Members of LegislativeCouncil (Appointed)Regional Parties (DMK,TD)National Parties (Congress,Janata Dal) www.tn.gov.in


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Economy of India

TraditionalLegacy-SystemAgrarianTextileRaw Materials

SpicesJewelryModern

Knowledge-BasedInformation TechnologyOut-SourcingCustomer Service (Englishhelps!)Manufacturing (Low costqualified people)


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Education in India

State is ResponsibleAge 5-16 Free

Elementary 1-5 gradesMiddle 6-8 gradesHigh 9-12

State & PrivateLocal Language & EnglishCollege

Taught in English (BritishLegacy)Bachelors

MastersProfessionalDoctoralMostly Private

Literacy Rate ( A pe rson who can r ead and w rit e in any languag e)

Male: 75% (2001)Female: 54% (2001)

Sex Ratio933 F / 1000 M (2001)

Population1.03 Billion (2001)5.3 person/household

www.india.gov.in


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Religion in India

India is a Secular CountryNo State Sponsored ReligionMajor Religions

Hindu: 75%Muslim: 12%

Christian: 6%Sikh, Jain, Buddhist, &Jews: 7%

Ironically religion is a unitingfeatureHinduism is nonproselytizingNo preachingMost people are tolerantVery privateBecoming less important E ncarta


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Languages in India

Twenty-two (22)Official Languages:

HindiLanguage of the StateEnglish

Languages DemarcateStatesNorth India

Sanskrit (like Latin)Indo-Iranian-GermanicBranch

Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati,& Marathi

South IndiaDravidian BranchTamil, Malayalam,Telugu, and Kannada

Tamil


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Health Care in India

Insurance is Rare < 8%Life Expectancy: 63 (M) |65 (F) ( 74 & 80 US )Infant Mortality: 60/1000live births ( 6/1000 US )

Public Health ServicesCovers 20% Population150,000 Centers23,000 Primary CareFacilitiesGovernment Doctors &

FacilitiesWaiting LinesNo Fees!Pervasive CorruptionLack of Amenities

PrivatePrivate Doctors &FacilitiesPay for ServiceReasonable Service

Middle Class & RichGet Good ServiceQualified PhysiciansAttracting Foreigners

Average FolksGo only when sick

Avoid costly proceduresIndebtedness in ruralareas

www.india.gov.in E ncarta


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Family & Women

Family is the Main UnitJoint FamiliesFamily Comes FirstIndividuals LessImportant

Patriarchal SystemDivorce Less Common

Social FactorsEconomic FactorsChildren

Status of WomenImproving

More are EducatedMore have JobsMore Acceptance of

Working WomenEconomic NecessityMore Progress Expected


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Travel in India

Mumbai (Bombay), NewDelhi, Chennai (Madras),Kolkata (Calcutta), &BangaloreAir travel on the rise

Many travel by trainsLocal travel by busHotels are okayFood is mostly vegetarianFood and water use cautionPeople in general arefriendlyLittle violent crimeBut cautious of pettythieves

I ndian Railways


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Tourism in India

North IndiaSouth IndiaCoastal India


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Monuments: All Religions

Agra Fort, 16 th Cent.Kangaikonda CholapuramHindu Temple, 11 th Cent

Sanchi, Buddhist, 3 BCE

Church Our Lady of Health, 18 th Cent.


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Monuments: Temples & Sculptures

M odern ZoroastrianTemple

Lord Bahubali,

11 th Cent, Jainism

Church Our Lady of Health, 18 th Cent.

Halebid,

12 th C.,

Sculptures

Hawa M ahal, 18 th C.,Palace


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Customs and Traditions

Food:North India

WheatTea

South India

RiceCoffee

DressNorth India

KurthaPajama

South IndiaVaeshtiSari

TraditionsNorth India

Influenced by manyculturesLess traditionalWide range in rural andurban

South IndiaVery little outsideinfluenceMore traditionalMore uniform

CasteBased on Family TraditionMaintained in FamilylevelNot in work place


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Customs and Traditions: Dress

Cotton, Silk, & PolyesterTraditional & CasualColorful & OrnamentalSouth India

Doti, SariSilk Shirts & Sari22 Ct Gold JewelryShirts & Pants

North IndiaKurtha, PajamasSariSalwar KameezSilk, Cotton, & WoolGold & Silver Jewelry

Ch ennai Silks


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Customs and Traditions: Jewelry

T ota Ram

Rasi Silks


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Customs and Traditions: Food

Use of Spices, Lentil, &HerbsPracticing VegetariansSouth India

Idli, Dosai, VadaiSambar, Chutney, VegetablesRice, Pickle, & YogurtCoffee (Milk + Sugar)

North India

Roti, ChapatiLentils, CheeseSweets, YogurtTea (Milk + Sugar)


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Entertainment: Movies

Largest producer of moviesAbout 1000 movies/yearBombay (Bollywood)ChennaiKolkataHindi, Bengali, Tamil,Telugu, and othersSongs and dances areimportantStory line range from banalto serious


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Entertainment: Television & Radio

Slowly Replacing MoviesDoordarshan (State owned)

National and Regional

Other Television StationsPrivateCorporations

Hindi, Tamil, Englishlanguage programsNews, Sports, Drama, MiniSeriesRegional (Sun TV)Radio is loosing popularity

Urban Stations Popular

All India Radio


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Entertainment: Dance

Traditional (Natraj: Shiva)Bharata NatyamKuchi PudiKatha Kali

Popular DanceMovie DanceWestern Rock & Roll

Spectators


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Entertainment: Music

Traditional MusicHindustani (N India)

VocalInstrumental

Carnatic (S India)

VocalInstrumental

Popular MusicMovies

Very PopularProfessionals

Western Pop MusicUrban AreasClubs


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Conclusions

India is in TransitionMiddle Class is Gaining Economic StatusThere is a Widening Gap Between Rich and PoorSmall Percentage is Very RichSocial System may not be ReadyThere is no Economic Safety NetYoung Entrepreneurs should Embrace Rural Folks

Grameen Bank of BangladeshMicro LendingTechnological Empowerment

Government Should Enforce Fair Distribution of Wealth


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Thanks

Thank You All for AttendingQuestions?Comments?

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