India and the Developing World
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![Page 1: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
India and the Developing World
![Page 2: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Important Issues
• Facing the developing world today– poverty
• developing countries
– Globalization
– Weak states
– Ethnicity/religious
divisions
– Environmental problems
![Page 5: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
In the chart on the following slide, the countries towards the top and on the right hand side are the most developed. The countries at the bottom and to the left are least developed.
Can you find India? China? Japan?
Where are they on the scale of “most developed” as compared to other countries?
![Page 6: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Imperialism & Third World
• European colonial expansion for 300 years
• most colonies are independent after WWII
![Page 8: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
India
![Page 9: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
2nd most populous nation
• Population: over one billion
• Largest English speaking country (by population)
• Largest Democracy (by pop.)
![Page 10: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A nation of diversity: languages
• Constitution lists 14 official “principal languages”
• English
• Hindi (30%)
![Page 12: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
A nation of diversity: religions
• Religions:– Hindu (~80%)– Muslim (~12%)– others (e.g. Buddhist 0.7%)
• all major religions in the world are present
• one of the major causes of conflict
• religion can become a political vehicle for social movement
![Page 13: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Brief history
• One of the world’s oldest civilizations– 5,000 years
• foreign incursions – Aryans, Arabs, Turks,
(Moguls), Portugal, France, and Britain
– from 1,500 B.C. to 19th Century A.D.
![Page 14: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
190 years of British colonial rule
• Informal colonial rule through the British East India Company (1750s-1850s)
• formal colonial rule after the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857
![Page 16: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
British colonial rule
• economic impact– trade structure
• colonial institutions– state structure
![Page 17: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Struggle for independence
• Indian National Congress was formed in 1885• non-violent resistance to colonial rule• Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948)
– Transformed Congress– unity within diversity– non-cooperation movement
• IMPORTANT LEADERS:• Gandhi• Nehru (1889-1964)• Mohammed Jinna
![Page 18: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Independence & partition
• Division of the subcontinent (1947)
– India
– Pakistan
![Page 19: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Independence & partition
• East Pakistan became Bangladesh in 1971
![Page 20: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Republic of India
• Prime Minister Nehru (1947-1964)
• His daughter (Indira Gandhi) as Prime Minister (1966-1977, 1980-1984)
![Page 21: India and the Developing World](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022033023/56812ca8550346895d915124/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Nehru’s legacies
• His grandson– Rajiv Gandhi– Prime Minister (1984-1989)
• His granddaughter-in-law– Sonja Gandhi– Congress party president
(1999 - )