Incorporating Metadata into Search User Interfaces Ame ElliottJen English Ping YeeKirsten...

Incorporating Metadata into Search User Interfaces

Ame Elliott Jen English

Ping Yee Kirsten Swearington

UC Berkeleyhttp://bailando.sims.berkeley.edu/flamenco.html

Marti Hearst Rashmi Sinha

Main Ideas

Search is changing: More emphasis on flexibly showing next choices Less emphasis on ranking

Web design is changing: More emphasis on dynamically determined views Less emphasis on pre-determined links

Two key ideas: Task-specific design Harnessing the power of metadata

A Taxonomy of WebSites

Catalog SitesWeb-based Information

Systems

Web-Presence Sites

Service-Oriented Sites

low

low

high

high

Complexity of Applications

Complexity of Data

From Mecca et al.,WebDB’99

An Important Trend

Web sites generated from databases Implications:

Web sites can adapt to user actions Web sites can be instrumented

Navigation on the Web

Web search engines are good at getting people to the right site.

But … what happens when the user reaches the site?

Follow Links … or …

Search

Following Hyperlinks Works great when it is clear where to go

next Frustrating when the desired directions

are undetectable or unavailable

Site Search Is not getting good reviews

An Analogy

text searchhypertext

Goal: An All-Tertrain Vehicle

The best of both techniques A vehicle that magically lays down track to

suggest choices of where you want to go next based on what you’ve done so far and what you are trying to do

The tracks follow the lay of the land and go everywhere, but cross over the crevasses

The tracks allow you to back up easily

New interfaces are mixing and matching thesaurus-style metadata

Time/Date Topic RoleGeoRegion

The question: how to do this effectively?

Goals for Metadata Usage

Well-integrated with search Provides useful hints of where to go next Tailored to task as it develops Personalized Dynamic

The FLAMENCO ProjectFLexible Access using MEtadata in Novel Combinations

Main goal: Perform systematic studies to determine how

metadata should be incorporated into search Answer questions such as:

Given a set of user goals and a set of information: How many metadata combinations to show? What level of detail to show? How best to preview and postview choices?

Evaluation Methodology

Regression Test Select a set of tasks

Use these throughout the evaluation Start with a baseline system

Evaluate using the test tasks Add a feature

Evaluation again Compare to baseline Only retain those changes that improve results

Recipe Example

soar.berkeley.edu/recipes

www.epicurious.com

Epicurious Metadata Usage

Advantages Creates combinations of metadata on the fly Different metadata choices show the same information in

different ways Previews show how many recipes will result Easy to back up Supports several task types

``Help me find a summer pasta,'' (ingredient type with event type), ``How can I use an avocado in a salad?'' (ingredient type with dish type), ``How can I bake sea-bass'' (preparation type and ingredient type)

Metadata usage in Epicurious

PrepareCuisineIngredient Dish

Recipe



PrepareCuisineDishISelect



I >

Group by

PrepareCuisineDish



PrepareCuisineDishI >

Group by



PrepareCuisineDishI >

Group by

PrepareCuisineISelect

Metadata Usage in Epicurious

Can choose category types in any order But categories never more than one level deep And can never use more than one instance of a

category Even though items may be assigned more than one

of each category type Items (recipes) are dead-ends

Don’t link to “more like this” Not fully integrated with search

Epicurious Metadata UsageProblem: lacks integration with search

“Parametric” Search From an XML glossary

"A search request submitted to a search or database engine delivered with consideration for the metadata of the underlying dataset.”

www.sla.org/chapter/ctor/courier/v37/v37n1.pdf

A survey of sites using parametric search: http://www.amp.com/search/default.asp (see product family search) http://ebiz.zilog.com/ http://www.sears.com (Dieselpoint) http://dieselpoint.com/flashlink.htm (for Dieselpoint 2.0 demo) http://www.findmro.com (Requisite's BugsEye) http://www.cypress.com (Saqqara's one step) http://infineon-tech.sacosnet.de/search/index.htm http://www.idt.com/tools/parametric.html http://www.ti.com/sc/docs/psheets/parms/uarts.htm#parms http://www.gensemi.com/search/productsearch.htm http://www.usa.samsungsemi.com/search/ http://www.gearfinder.com http://www.mysimon.com/category/index.jhtml?c=babydiaperingbathing

“Parametric” Search Sites Goal is to focus on product group for comparison shopping. Common Procedure

Begin with a list of product "families" or groups. User selects a category, and is prompted to

1) select a sub-category from a list of hyperlinks or 2) select search parameters using a form

If the number of results is too big, the system may prompt the user to refine the search further.

When an acceptable number of results is returned, the user sees a list of products which can be:

1) sorted by various criteria 2) selected for display in a comparison table 3) viewed individually with more detail.

“Parametric” Search

Observations: Only one facet (appropriate for products?) No query previews Breadcrumbs rare Many allow sorting by attribute to facilitate

comparison “Others like this” simply moves up the

hierarchy

Application to Biomedical Text

Asthma > Steroids

1. A steroid-induced acute psychosis in a child with athsma.2. Management of steroid-dependent asthma with methotrexate.


Steroids•Pregnanes• Pregnadienes (5)• Prednisone (5)• Pregnenes• Budesonide (4)• Corticosterone (3)

Other Views• Admin & Dosage (50)• Drug Effects (20• Therapeutic Use (25)• Risk Factors (4)• More …

User Preferred• Musculoskeletal (4)•Drug Resistance (6)

•All Categories (99)

99 Documents: [Sort by author] [Sort by popularity] [Sort by Steroids] [Cluster]

1. Effect of short-course budesonide on the bone turnover of asthmatic children.2. Effect of prednisone on response to influenza virus vaccine in asthmatic children.…


Asthma > Steroids



Steroids•Pregnanes Pregnadienes (5) Prednisone (5)• Pregnenes Budesonide (4) Corticosterone (3)

Other Views• Admin & Dosage (50)• Drug Effects (20• Therapeutic Use (25)• Risk Factors (4)• More …



99 Documents: [Sort by author] [Sort by popularity] [Sort by Steroids] [Cluster]



Asthma > Steroids > Admin & Dosage

1. Dosage levels for asthmatic steroids: A survey.1. Dosage levels for asthmatic steroids: A survey.

Steroids•Pregnanes Pregnadienes (3) Prednisone (5)

Related Categories•Inhalators (40)•Emotional Effects (25)•Preferred Suppliers (30)



50 Documents: [Sort by author] [Sort by popularity] [Sort by Dosage] [Cluster]

1. Optimal dosage levels for prednisone in the treatment of childhood asthma.2. …

1. Optimal dosage levels for prednisone in the treatment of childhood asthma.2. …

Other paths: back up and go forward

Asthma > Steroids > Budesonide > Huang

Asthma > Huang > Budesonide

Asthma > Steroids

Asthma > Steroids > Budesonide

Medical example

Use dynamic previews Allow user to select metadata in any order At each step, show different types of relevant

metadata, based on prior steps and personal history, include # of documents

Previews restricted to only those metadata types that might be helpful

Dynamic Metadata Previews

How different from Yahoo & Amazon? Dynamically determine what to show next

Yahoo’s combos are predefined Amazon’s are also predefined, and limited to taste

and general topic only

A way to seamlessly integrate Related topics User preferences (personalization) Context-sensitivity

Application to Image Search

Summary

Investigating how to design websites containing large sets of items Biomedical text Architectural images

Metadata is being mixed and matched in interesting ways, but there are no guidelines on what works

SummaryOur goals

Systematically determine what works, with the following emphases:

Task-centric Integrate metadata with search Dynamic previews Easily retrace steps

Develop recommendations that reflect both the task structure and the richness of the information structure

In future: integrate with more sophisticated displays

http://www.sims.berkeley.edu/~hearst

http://bailando.sims.berkeley.edu

Incorporating Metadata into Search User Interfaces Ame ElliottJen English Ping YeeKirsten...

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