Inclusion in Europe: a holistic view on the many affected domains to support integration and...
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Inclusion in Europe: a holistic
view on the many affected
domains to support
integration and employability;
the Belgian case study
Karel Van Isacker
OutlineOutline
Some worldwide figures
European perspective
Belgium, Flanders
◦ Inclusion in various domains
◦ Initiatives
Supporting inclusion via projects (EC
funded)
But … who am I?But … who am I?
Private: ◦ 40 years young
◦ Flemish (Belgium)
◦ Lived in various countries: Belgium, UK, Democratic Republic of Congo, Greece and Bulgaria
Professional: ◦ Background in economics
◦ Passionate about working with and for people with disabilities since 2003
◦ Coordinated, managed, participated in 50+ projects
QuestionQuestion
Who has a person with disability
in his family, among his friends, or
knows someone with a disability?
Disability in Latin America & EUDisability in Latin America & EU
There are at least 50 million disabled people in Latin America & the Caribbean (LAC) – approximately 10% of the region’s population.
Source: WHO
80 million Europeans with disabilities. This is over 15% of the whole population. One in four Europeans has a family member with a disability.
Source: EDF
Different perception of disability Different perception of disability
Disability rates in EU working population:
Different definitions of “disability” (6-30%
between the Member States)
The The EuropeanEuropean Union of Union of diversifieddiversified
figuresfigures Figures are from 2001, Eurostat
ReasonsReasons forfor thisthis diversificationdiversification
Lowest estimate, based on the extremes of currently defined disablement categories: ◦ Around 74 Million persons in Europe alone
Other estimates that take into account: ◦ People in the so-called hinterland between fully
able bodied and the classically termed disabled, should considerably raise those numbers
Disability rates vary ◦ Different disability definitions and classification
◦ E.g. defining disability within the context of incapacity to work, as they do in Poland, while it is functionality in UK
Population with disabilities will Population with disabilities will
increase in Europeincrease in Europe
Disability policy at EU level Disability policy at EU level
Disability policies are mainly Member States responsibility: administration, organisation, provision of social care, social services, healthcare, child care
Why a disability policy at EU level?
◦ People with disabilities have similar concerns throughout the EU: same rights, same obstacles, same discriminations
◦ EU policies, instruments and legislation impact in many ways on situation of people with disabilities
Main areas for EU actionMain areas for EU action
Accessibility of goods and services
Participation as equal citizens in Europe and quality community-based services
Equality and combating discrimination
Employment in the open labour market
Inclusive education and training
Social protection to combat poverty and social exclusion
Equal access to health services and related facilities
External action including EU enlargement, neighbourhood and international development programmes
Mix of tools to achieve the objectives
Legislation: e.g. explore the possibility of a “European Accessibility Act”
Mainstreaming: ensure that all relevant EU initiatives promote equal opportunities for people with disabilities
Cooperation between Member States and civil society
Funding
Awareness-raising
Data collection and monitoring
More info on ANED
(http://www.disability-europe.net/)
European Disability Strategy 2010 European Disability Strategy 2010 --
20202020 Empower people with disabilities to enjoy
their full rights
Create a barrier-free Europe for all
Comply with the international
commitments taken by concluding the
UN Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities
UN Convention on the Rights of UN Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD)Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD)
Rights recognised cover almost all policy fields: accessibility, employment, education, health, independent living, participation in culture and sport, civil rights.
Mixed competences between EU and M(ember)S(tates) (all MS + the EU signed the UNCRPD)
The EU and MS, to the extent of their competences, have to comply with the obligations to ensure the rights recognised in the Convention
The Human Rights approach to The Human Rights approach to
disability disability –– paradigm shiftparadigm shift “Persons with disabilities include those who have long-
term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairments
which in interaction with various barriers may hinder their
full and effective participation in society on an equal basis
with others”
(Article 1 UN Convention on the rights of persons with
disabilities)
"objects" of charity, medical
treatment and social protection
"subjects" with rights,
capable of claiming those
rights and making decisions
for their lives based on their
free and informed consent as
well as being active members
of society.
But is there…. But is there…. EQUALEQUAL treatment?treatment?
(e)Inclusion stops where the beneficiary
cannot understand or afford (ICT Based)
solutions.
StillStill… support … support forfor peoplepeople withwith
disabilitiesdisabilities diversifieddiversified in in EuropeEurope Social benefits diversified (Gérard Abramovici: Social Protection
in Europe, Statistics in focus: Population and social conditions Theme 3 – 6/2004, p.1-8)
The have’s and the have not’s…The have’s and the have not’s…
Who pays what?
HEARING AIDS BRAILLE READERSAPPLS FOR VOICE
COMMUNICATION
SOFTWARE FOR
COMMUNICATION
ENVIRONMENTAL
CONTROL SYSTEMS
AUSTRIA medical social social social social
BELGIUM medical social social social social
DENMARK social social social social social
FINLAND medical medical medical medical medical
FRANCE medical social consumer social + consumer social + consumer
GERMANY medical social social social social
GREECE medical consumer consumer consumer consumer
HUNGARY medical consumer consumer consumer consumer
IRELAND medical + consumer medical + consumer medical + consumer medical + consumer medical + consumer
ITALY medical medical medical medical social
NETHERLANDS medical social social social social
PORTUGAL medical consumer medical + social social + consumer consumer
SLOVAKIA medical social social social consumer
SLOVENIA medical medical medical social + consumer social + consumer
SPAIN medical * consumer social + consumer social + consumer social
SWEDEN medical medical medical medical medical
UK medical social social consumer social
Focus Focus onon BelgiumBelgium, , FlandersFlanders
Focus Focus onon BelgiumBelgium, , FlandersFlanders
Structure of the Belgian StateStructure of the Belgian State
Belgium is a federal state, made up of three communities (the Flemish-speaking Community, the French-speaking Community and the German-speaking Community) and three regions (the Flanders Region, the Brussels Capital Region and the Walloon Region).
◦ The Federal government is tasked with everything which falls within the sphere of interest of all Belgians, irrespective of language, cultural or territorial considerations, such as foreign affairs, defence, justice, finance, social security and a large part of public health and domestic affairs.
◦ The communities are tasked with people-related matters, such as language, culture and education.
◦ The regions are in turn tasked with territorial matters, such as town and country planning, environment and employment.
Complex state structure creates a situation in which
people with disabilities are not always sure who to
approach for a particular form of assistance.
More independence for people with More independence for people with
a disability a disability -- The Flemish contextThe Flemish context Which provisions are there for us?
Federal level
◦ Allowances for adults (21-65 j):
Income replacement allowance (IRA) when due to
labour-related inability it is not possible to work and there are no
other forms of income (e.g. unemployment, illness or other)
Integration allowance (IA): covers extra costs related to
disability
Dec 2009: 59.891 persons –> Dec 2012: 65.346 persons
(of which half get both)
◦ Extra child benefit for children with a disability
◦ Seniors (65 plus): various benefits, BUT no
disability recognition
Flemish provisions for people
with a disability
◦ Flemish Agency for People with
Disability (VAPH)
Provides material support: aids and support
services
Intensity of support depends on kind and
degree of disability
Must be younger than 65 years to be
eligible! But once registered, support
services provided also after age of 65
However: Waiting lists or the Central
Registration of Care-related questions
(CRC) ◦ VAPH works with closed budget (not like national
health insurance institute RIZIV)
◦ Consequence: waiting lists
◦ Paradox: notwithstanding extra money for VAPH,
waiting lists keep on growing
◦ Need for policy shift, taking into account the ageing of
pwd!
No clear numbers regarding people with
a disability in Flanders/Belgium
NextNext stepssteps
“person-following financing” (PFF) - it follows the person (instead of being linked to institutions and service organisations like now) 1st level: basic support allowance (fixed amount)
through ‘Flemish Care Insurance’. No need to account for spending.
If this is not sufficient or does not meet the need, then a ‘support plan’ must be made and application be made for: 2nd level: person-following financing. Provided through VAPH. Choice between: voucher or cash budget (or combination). Spending must be accounted for.
But do we face luxury problems?But do we face luxury problems?
Let’s sum up what we
already have.
Inclusive society in FlandersInclusive society in Flanders
Following areas supported by VAPH (Flemish
Agency for Disabled Persons)
◦ Equipment: AT financing via reference list
◦ Education: special and inclusive education
◦ Employment: adjusted employment (regular
employment with support, sheltered workshop)
◦ Tourism and leisure: accessible tourism initiatives
◦ Mobility: accessible public transport
VAPH’s broad definition of disability ensures
that a broad target group may call on the
services provided by the VAPH.
Core rule…Core rule…
◦ specific facilities for PWD will only be sought if solutions cannot be found through general ones.
◦ applies to all areas of life (transport, housing, employment, etc.).
◦ on 1 April 2006: transfer of PWD authority for employment and professional training from VAPH to the normal policy areas of employment and social economy.
“general where possible, specific where necessary”
Building further on this…Building further on this…
Disparities in Europe require cooperation
◦ Share good/best practices, experiences,
knowledge, skills
Important
Across borders, continents
◦ Developing projects
With all relevant stakeholders involved
Our approachOur approach
Ear for needs people with disabilities
Cooperation accross borders with NSWE countries in Europe ◦ Also cooperation possible with Latin America (e.g.
Erasmus+ programme)
Partners ◦ Education (academic, VET), end-users, technology
providers from partner countries
Set up ◦ User requirements collection, developing training material
and tools, evaluate through pilots, disseminate/market it
Our social goals: ◦ Inclusion and improved quality of life
◦ Free training courses (OER) and supporting tools in various domains
◦ Beneficiaries: people with disabilities
Projects contribute to thisProjects contribute to this
Employment ICT (AT) competences
Social competences Efficient Caregiver support
Empowerment
Project detailsProject details
ICT/AT training
◦ www.vipi-project.eu
◦ www.atlec-project.eu
Social competences
◦ www.games4competence.eu
Employment
◦ www.dice-project.eu
◦ www.tourism4all.eu
Personal care giver
◦ www.mcare-project.eu
Training Tools Training Tools
& Material& Material Games
Games (online, desktop, mobile)
Mentoring
Training courses (online, offline, mobile)
Peer support
Free
OERs
Free
OERs
Ecosystem based on person led process of personal development in case of disability
Education
Vocationaltraining
EmploymentLife long learning + career
Schools
Vocationaltraining centres
Carers
Policy makers
Employers + self
employment
AT/ICT/... training / Support needed
Forthcoming events with focus on Forthcoming events with focus on
disabilitydisability Interdisciplinary Symposium “Social
Competences, Creativity And Wellbeing”
03-05.06.2015 in Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Topics:
◦ Creativity, innovative technologies and the social challenges of youth and people with disabilities.
◦ Developing the social competences of youth and people with disabilities, with the usage of modern learning and training technologies.
Call for papers now open (see leaflet)
Website: http://issccw.academy/
Forthcoming events with focus on Forthcoming events with focus on
disabilitydisability Interactive Technologies and Games (ITAG)
Conference 2014
16-17.10.2014 in Nottingham, UK
Topics: ◦ Gaming on the move
◦ Robotics and education
◦ Games Based Learning
◦ Game related Technologies
◦ Games, Apps and Artificial Reality for Health
◦ Accessible Game Design
◦ Web based gaming technologies
Website: http://itag.gamecity.org/
Contact detailsContact details
• PhoenixKM project team
(Karel, Bernard)
o Overall project management
o Project management support, research
o URL: www.phoenixkm.eu
o Amersveldestraat 189
8610 Kortemark
Belgium
Extra slidesExtra slides
Legal basisLegal basis In defining and implementing its policies and activities, the Union
shall aim to combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation.
TFEU (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union) Article 10 and 19: the EU shall aim to combat discrimination
◦ Article 10 => mainstreaming: the EU is founded in representative democracy and decisions must be taken as closely as possible to citizens
◦ Article 19 => specific legislation: the Court of Justice
Other legal bases can be relevant, e.g.
◦ Internal market (Art 114)
◦ Transport (Art. 90-100 TFEU)
◦ State Aid (107-109 TFEU)
◦ Employment (145-150 TFEU)
◦ Social Policy (151, 153 TFEU)
◦ Education (Art. 165 TFEU)
◦ Public health (Art. 168 TFEU)
◦ Approximation of Laws (114 TFEU, high level of protection as a base)
Focus Focus onon employabilityemployability One employment agency for all
◦ Regular labour market (adjustments might be needed)
◦ Sheltered workshops
◦ Not able to work
When seeking a job
◦ Network for people with disabilities towards (payed) employment: case manager, assessment centre, jobkanaal, support while at work, specialised vocational training
Support while at work
◦ Government support:
◦ Adaptation of the work place: surroundings, tools and clothing
◦ Allowance for travel and accommodation expenses
◦ Flemish Support Premium: financial subsidy to compensate for potential efficiency loss
◦ Allowance for interpreters (for persons with impaired hearing)
◦ Employment in a sheltered workshop
◦ A case manager or coach can provide tailor-made job-coaching at the start of a new job (e.g. Support client, advise employer, coach colleagues, advise on necessary adjustments,… )
◦ Possible support later on during the career, e.g. career counseling, support of employer/colleagues, …
Exploitation of Free Educational Exploitation of Free Educational
ResourcesResources Stakeholders and gatekeepers
40
Education Disability
Employment Skills
Inclusion
THEIR
OBJECTIVES &
NEEDS
Strategies to facilitate
uptake of project outputs:
Appropriate
communication
Aim at usability in
different contexts
Flexibility and adaptability