Reducing Congestion and Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Parking Policy
Impact on Public Health of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Land Transport
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Transcript of Impact on Public Health of Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Land Transport
Impact on Public Health of Reducing
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Land Transport
Based on : Public health benefits of strategies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions: urban
land transport. Woodcock J, Edwards P, Tonne C. et al. The Lancet: Published Online November 25, 2009DOI:10.1016/S0140-
6736(09)61714-1
Pathways modelled
Methods
• Models linking transport scenarios to health outcomes– Physical activity & Air pollution• Comparative Risk Assessment• Conditions in Global Burden of Disease Study
– Injuries• Direct modelling of impact of changes in traffic &
pedestrian volume
London: Alternative scenarios
Change in disease burden Change in premature deaths
Ischaemic heart disease
10-19% 1950-4240
Cerebrovascular disease 10-18% 1190-2580
Dementia 7-8% 200-240
Breast cancer 12-13% 200-210
Road traffic crashes 19-39% 50-80
London: Health impacts by cause
Delhi: Alternative scenarios
Change in disease burden Change in premature deaths
Ischaemic heart disease
11-25% 2490-7140
Cerebrovascular disease
11-25% 1270-3650
Road traffic crashes 27-69% 1170-2990
Diabetes 6-17% 180-460
Depression 2-7% NA
Delhi: Health impacts by cause
Few cyclists: high danger but few casualties
More cyclists: less danger but more casualties?
Many cyclists: low danger and few casualties
Policy implications
• Plan to increase walking & cycling and reduce car use
– Reallocating space from the car
Policy implications
• Plan to increase walking & cycling and reduce car use
– Reallocating space from the car
– Reducing volume & speed of motor traffic
Policy implications
• Plan to increase walking & cycling and reduce car use
– Reallocating space from the car
– Reducing volume & speed of motor traffic
– Providing direct, safe, and pleasant routes for walking & cycling
Conclusions• Replacing motor vehicle trips with walking or cycling
is a win win in both developed & developing countries
• Right to direct, pleasant and safe routes for pedestrians and cyclists
• Restrict motor vehicle use:– speed, parking & road space
CollaboratorsLSHTM• James Woodcock• Phil Edwards• Cathryn Tonne• Ben Armstrong• Zaid Chalabi• Andy Haines• Ian Roberts
Health Effects Institute• Aaron Cohen
Institute of Technology, New Delhi• Dinesh Mohan• Geetam Tiwari
King’s College•Sean Beevers
Takedo International •Olu Ashiru
University of Auckland•Alistair Woodward•Graeme Lindsay
University of Oxford•David Banister•Robin Hickman
University of Warwick•Oscar H. Franco
University of San Diego •Zohir Chowdhury