IMMUNITYINFECTIOUS DISEASES

Know that exposure to an antigen is required for acquiredimmunity. This may be acquired through passive or activeprocesses.

Understand that passive immunity may be acquired frommaternal antibodies or antibody serum.

Understand that active immunity may be acquired throughnatural exposure to a pathogen or through vaccination.

Overview

The adaptive (acquired) immune system is the third line ofdefence when fighting an infection.

To acquire immunity, we must be exposed to an antigen.We can acquire immunity passively or actively.

Immunity

Immunity

INTENDED STUDENT LEARNING

Know that exposure to an antigen is required for acquired immunity. This may be acquired through

passive or active processes.

Passive immunity results from the acquisition of antibodiesfrom another source and hence memory cells are notdeveloped.

Passive Immunity

Natural: Receiving antibodies from another organism

eg: to the foetus via the colostrumor a newborn via breastmilk

Artificial: Receiving manufactured antibodies via externaldelivery

eg: blood transfusions of antibodies

Examples of Passive Immunity

Examples of Passive Immunity

INTENDED STUDENT LEARNING

Understand that passive immunity may be acquired from maternal antibodies or antibody serum.

Active immunity involves the production of antibodies by thebody itself and the subsequent development of memory cells.

Active Immunity

Natural: Producing antibodies in response to exposure to apathogenic infection.

ie: challenge and response (Influenza)

Artificial: Producing antibodies in response to the controlledexposure to an attenuated pathogen

ie: vaccination

Examples of Active Immunity

Examples of Active Immunity

INTENDED STUDENT LEARNING

Understand that active immunity may be acquired through natural exposure to a pathogen or through

vaccination.

Homework

Independent content revision