Illinois Near-Road NO2 Network Plan - 2014

Illinois Near-Road NO2 Network Plan - 2014

Introduction

Illinois EPA submits to USEPA a Near-Road NO2 network plan for the next calendar year,

2014. The plan is to provide a description of the Near-Road NO2 network. The

proposed Near-Road NO2 network plan is to be made available for public inspection for

30 days prior to submission to USEPA.

Relevant supporting air quality data in past Illinois Annual Air Quality Reports are

available at the following link http://www.epa.state.il.us/air/air-quality-

report/index.html. These data reports contain detailed monitoring data summaries

from the network, show comparisons to the applicable air quality standards, as well as,

illustrate pollutant trends over various time periods.

Near-Road NO2 Network Design

Introduction

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized new minimum monitoring

requirements for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) monitoring networks in support of a 1-hour

NO2 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). In the new monitoring

requirements, state and local air monitoring agencies are required to install near-road

NO2 monitoring stations at locations where peak hourly NO2 concentrations are

expected to occur within the near-road environment in large urban areas. Per

regulation, at a minimum state and local air agencies must begin operating required

near-road NO2 monitors by January 1, 2014. This application includes a breakdown of

equipment, installation, preparation and initial debugging costs associated with

implementation of one near-road NO2 monitoring site.

Establishing a near-road site is expected and has been difficult for the Illinois EPA as the

conditions associated with the prospective sites and siting criteria are outside the

normal parameters typically encountered when implementing a site. Illinois EPA will

receive $200,000 from USEPA in the form of Section 103 non-matching grant to

establish the near-road NO2 monitoring site for the Chicago core based statistical area

(CBSA).

http://www.epa.state.il.us/air/air-quality-report/index.html

http://www.epa.state.il.us/air/air-quality-report/index.html

Requirements

Section 4.3 of Appendix D to Part 58 specifies that there must be one microscale near-

road NO2 monitoring station in each CBSA with population of 500,000 or more. An

additional near-road NO2 monitoring station is required if the CBSA population is 2.5

million or greater or if any CBSA with a population of 500,000 or more has more than

one or more road segments with 250,000 or greater annual average daily traffic (AADT).

According to the 2010 Census, the CBSAs in Illinois with population of 500,000 or more

are:

Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI 9,461,105

St. Louis, MO-IL 2,812,896

The monitoring of the St. Louis CBSA will be addressed by Missouri. Illinois EPA will

address the requirement of establishing the near-road NO2 site in the Chicago-Joliet-

Naperville CBSA.

Minimum monitoring requirements as determined following EPA’s draft Near-Road NO2

Monitoring Technical Assistance Document (TAD) dated December 21, 2011 indicate

two monitors will be required in the Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CBSA. This is

based on the population of the Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CBSA first exceeding

500,000 and secondly exceeding 2,500,000. The first monitor or first phase is required

to be operational by January 1, 2014 and is addressed in this network plan. The second

monitor will be addressed in a future network plan upon notification from USEPA of the

availability of funding and regulatory requirements.

This project supports EPA's Strategic Goal 1 (Taking Action on Climate Change and

Improving Air Quality) by establishing a Near-roadway station at a site in Illinois. The

grant will provide a means for Illinois to measure the improvement of air quality that

will result from reduced concentrations of NO2, CO and decreased ozone levels.

Reporting

Per 40 CFR 60 IEPA will submit performance reports to the EPA Air Project Officer.

These reports will include output and outcome comparison, slippage, and analysis and

information of cost overruns. Reports will be submitted bi-annually within 30 days

following the end of each 6 month period and a final report within 90 days after the

expiration of the project period. The final report will include a project activities list with

milestones, siting determination and findings, and an equipment inventory for the site.

Monitoring Plan Approach

Illinois EPA will address the requirements listed in Appendix D of Part 58 and the “Draft

Near-road NO2 Monitoring TAD for purposes of establishing the near-road NO2

monitoring site.

Potential Monitoring Sites

Illinois EPA will address the requirements listed in Appendix D of Part 58 and the “Draft

Near-road NO2 Monitoring TAD for purposes of establishing the near-road NO2

monitoring site. Illinois EPA has completed the traffic analysis (see details below).

Parameter Monitored

Table 16-1 in the TAD lists the Clean Air Science Advisory Committee (CASAC) Ambient

Air Monitoring and Methods Subcommittee’s (AAMMS) recommended parameters for

monitoring at a near-road site. The parameters are ranked as primary, secondary, or

tertiary. The following table lists these parameters and Illinois’ EPAs monitoring

intentions.

Priority Parameter Illinois’ Plan Monitor Availability

Primary

NO / NO2 / NOx To Monitor Purchase with grant

CO To Monitor Purchase with grant

O3 Will Not Monitor -

WS/WD To Monitor Purchase with grant

Secondary

Air Toxic Will Not Monitor -

Black Carbon Considering Purchase with grant

Ultrafine Particle distribution

or concentration

Will Not Monitor -

Traffic Count Will Not Monitor -

Tertiary

PM2.5 Will Not Monitor -

PM10-2.5 Will Not Monitor -

CO2 Will Not Monitor -

Organic and Elemental Carbon Will Not Monitor -

Other – (EPA recommended)

OT/RH Will Not Monitor -

Precipitation, SR & BP Will Not Monitor -

Schedule

Illinois will follow the following time table pending receipt of funding and availability of

resources.

Task Date of Activity Status/Revised Activity Date

Submit grant application for near-road NO2 Monitoring January 2012 Complete

Acquire Traffic Data February 2012 Complete

Develop Potential Site List February 2012 Complete

Assess site list March 2012 Complete

Submit Traffic and Site Assessment to Region 5 for evaluation

March 2012 Complete

Submit Revised Grant Application and Work Plan - March 2013

Seek property access/establish site agreement (Site 1) April 2012 In Process – April 2013

Draft Monitoring Plan (Site 1) April 2012 April-May 2013

Incorporate near-road into Annual Network Plan (Site 1) April 2012 April-May 2013

Seek contractor bid for Site 1 (power, concrete, fence, communications, site access, equipment, structure)

July 2012 May-July 2013

Submit Annual Network Plan including near-road site to Region 5 (2013 and 2014 Plan – Site 1)

July 1, 2012 July 1, 2013

Begin site preparations November 2012 September 2013

Install Shelter and Monitoring Equipment begin testing of site

December 2012 December 2013

Operate Site 1 January 1, 2013 January 1, 2014

Near-Road Air Monitoring in Illinois

According to 40 CFR Part 58 Appendix D, state and local air agencies are required to

operate one Near-road monitoring site within Core Based Statistical Areas (CBSA) with

populations of 500,000 or greater. States are also required to consider operating two

near-road monitoring sites within a CBSA that has a population of 2,500,000 or more

persons. The Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City Combined Statistical Area (Chicago CSA)

is such an area, having a population of over 9,000,000 people. Within the Chicago CSA

some roadway segments carry traffic volumes of 250,000 or more vehicles per day.

Traffic volume data are collected by the Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) in

the form of Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts. IDOT AADT accounts for total

traffic volume in both directions on a segment of road, for a year, divided by 365 (the

number of days in a year). Traffic volume data within the Chicago CSA, based on

guidance from the USEPA’s Near-Road Monitoring Technical Assistance Document

(Near-Road TAD), shows Cook County, Illinois as having the highest AADT. Figure 1

shows the IDOT road segments within Cook County that have AADT counts greater than

or equal to 250,000. Rings on the map highlight areas of focus.

Figure 1: Map of IDOT AADT Road Segments Greater than or Equal to 250,000

Further study by the IEPA of IDOT Cook County transportation statistics show that AADT

counts for road segments in Cook County are highest along I-90/94, northwest of the

Loop (the Kennedy Expressway) and along part of I-90/94 south of the Loop (Dan Ryan

Expressway). Based on this finding, roadway segments were ranked for Cook County

based on recommended methods provided in the USEPA’s Near-Road TAD. Table 1 lists

the top 20 road segments in Cook County with the highest AADT ranked in descending

order. These road segments were all found along the Kennedy Expressway.

Table 1: Top 20 AADT Counts for Road Segment from IDOT 2010 Data within Cook

County

IDOT Inventory

ID

Begin

Segment

End

Segment Road Name

Marked

Route Township

Count

Year AADT Rank

016 10094

000000 24.48 24.52

Kennedy

Expwy I-90/I-94 West Chicago (Chicago) 2009 353,400 1

016 10094

000000 24.52 24.60

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.60 24.66

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.66 24.68

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.45 24.48

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.68 24.76

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 19.51 19.62

Kennedy

Expwy I-90/I-94 Jefferson (Chicago) 2009 338,000 4

016 10094

000000 19.40 19.51

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 18.53 18.61

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 18.38 18.53

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.76 24.80

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 18.72 18.73

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 19.35 19.40

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.37 24.45

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 24.31 24.37

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 18.25 18.38

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 19.95 20.09

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 19.62 19.65

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 23.74 23.80

Kennedy


016 10094

000000 23.80 23.93

Kennedy


Figure 2 and Figure 3 depict the top 20 road segments ranked by AADT along the

Kennedy Expressway (I-90). These are areas where the highest AADT counts occur. The

segments are ranked highest to lowest with 1 being the highest ranked roadway (AADT

353,400). Segments with identical AADT were given the same rank value.

Figure 2: Highest AADT along the Kennedy Expressway – Ranked by AADT

Figure 3: High AADT Road Segments along the Kennedy Expressway – Ranked by AADT

Understanding the total number of heavy-duty vehicles within a traffic segment in

relation to total AADT is important to determine the amount of air pollution emitted on

a per vehicle basis between light duty vehicles and heavy duty vehicles. To assess the

fleet mix of road segments within the Chicago CSA, IDOT fleet mix data was ranked for

Cook County. Table 2 shows the top 20 ranked 2010 Heavy Duty Traffic counts

(HCAADT) in relation to AADT rankings and lists the percentage of heavy duty vehicles

(PCT HD) that contribute to the total AADT for top ranked HCAADT road segments.

Table 2: Top 20 HCAADT Counts for Road Segments from IDOT 2010 Data within Cook

County

IDOT Inventory ID

Begin

Segment

End

Segment

Road

Name Township HCAADT

HCAADT

Rank PCT HD AADT Rank

016 10080 000000 12.380 12.410 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 27.7% 344

016 10080 000000 12.110 12.380 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 27.7% 344

016 10080 000000 12.410 12.420 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 27.7% 344

016 10080 000000 11.980 12.110 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 27.7% 344

016 10080 000000 12.420 12.600 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 27.7% 344

016 10080 000000 11.890 11.980 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 32.4% 419

016 10080 000000 12.950 13.720 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 30.8% 396

016 10080 000000 11.840 11.890 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 35.2% 452

016 10080 000000 13.720 13.770 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 30.8% 396

016 10080 000000 13.770 14.570 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 30.8% 396

016 10080 000000 12.600 12.780 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 35.9% 458

016 10080 000000 12.780 12.950 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 35.9% 458

016 10080 000000 11.560 11.840 I-80 Thornton 41,800 1 44.4% 519

016 10080 000000 6.790 7.150 I-80 Thornton 26,900 2 19.88% 398

016 10080 000000 6.770 6.790 I-80 Thornton 26,900 2 19.9% 398

016 10080 000000 6.680 6.770 I-80 Thornton 26,900 2 19.9% 398

016 10080 000000 6.660 6.680 I-80 Bremen 26,900 2 19.9% 398

016 10080 000000 6.500 6.660 I-80 Bremen 26,900 2 19.9% 398

016 10080 000000 7.150 7.270 I-80 Thornton 26,900 2 19.9% 398

016 10094 000000 29.020 29.090

Dan Ryan

Expwy/I-

90

South

Chicago 26,000 3 12.4% 137

The Near-Road TAD recommends that, to evaluate traffic volume and car/truck fleet

mix, states should calculate Fleet Equivalent (FE) AADT. This metric integrates a road

segment’s AADT and HCAADT into a single value. A multiplier is applied to the segments

HCAADT to account for higher pollution emissions related to heavy duty-vehicles. The

formula from the Near-Road TAD page 6-8 is as follows:

FE AADT = (AADT-HDc) + (HDm * HDc)

IDOT

Inventory ID

Begin

Segmen

t

End

Segment

Road

Name Township FE AADT

FE

AADT

Rank AADT

AADT

Rank

HCAADT

Rank PCT HD

016 10080

000000 12.380 12.410 I-80/I-294 Thornton 526,900 1 150,700 344 1 27.7%

016 10080

000000 12.110 12.380 I-80/I-294 Thornton 526,900 1 150,700 344 1 27.7%

016 10080

000000 12.410 12.420 I-80/I-294 Thornton 526,900 1 150,700 344 1 27.7%

016 10080

000000 11.980 12.110 I-80/I-294 Thornton 526,900 1 150,700 344 1 27.7%

016 10080

000000 12.420 12.600 I-80/I-94 Thornton 526,900 1 150,700 344 1 27.7%

016 10080

000000 12.950 13.720 I-80/I-94 Thornton 511,800 2 135,600 396 1 30.8%

016 10080

000000 13.720 13.770 I-80/I-94 Thornton 511,800 2 135,600 396 1 30.8%

016 10080

000000 13.770 14.570 I-80/I-94 Thornton 511,800 2 135,600 396 1 30.8%

016 10080

000000 11.890 11.980 I-80/I-294 Thornton 504,900 3 128,700 419 1 32.5%

016 10094

000000 30.090 30.190

Dan Ryan

Expwy Thornton 498,500 4 264,500 69 3 9.8%

016 10094

000000 30.630 30.710

Dan Ryan

Expwy

South

Chicago 495,900 5 261,900 71 3 9.9%

016 10094

000000 29.670 29.710

Dan Ryan

Expwy

Lake

(Chicago) 494,900 6 260,900 72 3 10.0%

016 10080

000000 11.840 11.890 I-80/I-294

South

Chicago 494,900 6 118,700 452 1 35.2%

016 10094

000000 30.050 30.090

Dan Ryan

Expwy Thornton 494,300 7 260,300 73 3 10.0%

016 10080

000000 12.600 12.780 I-80/I-94

South

Chicago 492,600 8 116,400 458 1 35.9%

016 10080

000000 12.780 12.950 I-80/I-94 Thornton 492,600 8 116,400 458 1 35.91%

Where AADT is the total traffic volume count on a road segment, the HDc variable is the

total volume of heavy-duty vehicles for that road segment or HCAADT, and the HDm

variable is the national (10) or local multiplier that represents the heavy-duty to light

duty vehicle NOx emission ratio on a road segment. The U.S. EPA recommended

national default value of 10 is used in this analysis to represent all road segments in

Table 3. Table 3 ranks the top 20 road segments with the highest FE AADT on an

individual basis along with AADT rank, HCAADT rank and percent of heavy duty vehicles

(PCT HD).

Table 3 re-ranks the road segments based on highest FE AADT (top 20 segments), and

therefore re-prioritizes road segments based on expected NOx emissions from traffic on

each segment. The FE AADT rank correlates more closely with the HCAADT rank than

the AADT rank. This is due to the volume of heavy duty vehicles represented in IDOT

road segments.

016 10094

000000 30.190 30.260

Dan Ryan

Expwy Thornton 491,700 9 257,700 75 3 10.09%

016 10094

000000 31.090 31.120

Dan Ryan

Expwy

South

Chicago 491,000 10 257,000 76 3 10.12%

016 10094

000000 30.620 30.630

Dan Ryan

Expwy

Lake

(Chicago) 490,900 11 256,900 77 3 10.12%

016 10094

000000 30.710 30.720

Dan Ryan

Expwy

Lake

(Chicago) 488,100 12 254,100 78 3 10.23%

Table 3: Top 20 FE AADTs Calculated for Road Segments from IDOT’s 2010 Cook

County HCAADT and AADT

The segments with the highest FE AADT are located along the Tri-State Tollway in

southern Cook County. Figure 4 shows a close view of the 20 top-ranked road

segments and their locations along the Tri-State Tollway.

Figure 4: Road Segments on the Tri-State Tollway – Ranked by FE AADT

Figure 5 shows additional FE AADT ranked segments which can be found along the Dan

Ryan Expressway.

Figure 5: Road Segments on the Dan Ryan Expressway – Ranked by FE AADT

Illinois Near-Road NO2 Network Plan - 2014

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