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Education population

According to the results of 2008 Address Based Census,

the population of Turkey is 71 517 100

0-29 age group constitutes 52.8 % of the country population.

The population in compulsory education age group (6-14 ages) is 11 527 000.

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Administrative legislation and supervision related to formal and non-formal education (except for higher education) is performed by Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı – MEB (Ministry of National Education – MONE).

Educational activities in the provinces are organised by the İl Milli Eğitim Müdürü (Provincial Director of Education)

They are organised in disricts by the İlçe Milli Eğitim Müdürü (District Director of Education)

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Formal education services at all educational levels are provided substantially (more than 90 %) by the public education institutions. Private education institutions also exist.

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Supervision of educational institutions is carried out at both central and regional (local or provincial) level.

Higher education institutions are autonomous for purposes of education and research. However, they have to submit annual reports to Yükseköğretim Kurulu – YÖK (Higher Education Council).

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Pre-primary education

In the 2008/09 school year, the enrolment rate in pre-primary education is 33 %. All public pre-primary institutions are free of charge.

Compulsory education

Grade Ages schooling rate

İlköğretim Okulu (primary school)

1 – 8 6 – 14 96.5

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Post-compulsory education/ secondary level

Secondary education is provided in general, vocational and technical education institutions offering at four years of education for those who have completed primary education. In 2008/09 academic year, net schooling rate in secondary education is 58.5.%

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Types of education School types Ages

General Secondary Education

1-Genel Lise (General High School) 2-Anadolu Lisesi (Anatolian High School) 3-Fen Lisesi (Science High School) 4-Sosyal Bilimler Lisesi (Social Science High School) 5-Güzel Sanatlar ve Spor Lisesi (Fine Art and Sports High School) 6- Anadolu Öğretmen Lisesi (Anatolian Teacher High School) 7-Çok Programlı Liseler (Multi-Programmed High Schools)

14-17

Vocational and Technical Secondary Education

1-Teknik Lise ve Endüstri Meslek Lisesi (Technical and Industrial Vocational Schools) 2-Kız Teknik ve Meslek Lisesi (Technical and Industrial Vocational Schools for Girls) 3-Otelcilik ve Turizm Meslek Lisesi (Hotel and Tourism Vocational High School) 4-Ticaret Meslek Lisesi (Business High School) 5-Sağlık Meslek Lisesi (Health Vocational High School) and the others 6-Özel Eğitim Meslek Lisesi (Special Education Vocational Schools) 7- İmam Hatip Lisesi (The Imam and Preachers High Schools)

14-17

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Higher Education

Higher education institutions consist of

universities (üniversiteler), higher technology institutes (yüksek teknoloji enstitüleri) vocational higher schools (meslek yüksekokulları).

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Special Needs

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Guidance and Research Centers (Rehberlik ve Araştırma Merkezleri)

seek to identify children in need of special education, and provide them with the best possible counseling facilities.

There are 205 Guidance and Research Centers throughout the country.

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MEB (MONE) has carried out innovative efforts to increase standards of Turkish education system to that of OECD and EU countries. In this context, some developments in 2009 and basic goals toward 2010 can be summarized as:

1. Schooling rate in pre-primary education has been increased to 33 % in 2008/09. 2010 goal is to reach 100 % for 32 provinces where a pilot project was started, and 40 % across the country.

2. Overall schooling rate has been increased to 96.5 % in 2008/09 and gender equality has been enhanced. These developments have been accelerated by some campaigns conducted cooperatively by MEB (MONE), NGOs and media (Haydi Kizlar Okula, Baba Beni Okula Gönder) and direct economical support to deprived families (Şartlı Nakit Transferi).

3. The project to supply no charge textbook for primary education students started in 2002 included secondary education in 2006, special education students (books in Braille) in 2009 and is growing up gradually.

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4. In the higher education, accord with EU standards, quality assurance systems, European Credit Transfer System (ECTS), diploma supplement practices have been widened to a great extent. The efforts related with the 'qualifications framework' have been going on.

5. To widespread information technologies in the schools, ADSL or satellite connection has provided to all schools (41.000 schools). According to this effort, 95 % of the students in primary and all students in secondary schools can access internet connected computer.

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Second Opportunity Education a- Non-formal education covers education for those - who have never had education - who left without achieving a qualification and education - who are still attending formal education for in particular subjects

b- Non-formal education activities are offered out-of-school in order - to teach adults how to read and write, - to provide them basic knowledge, - to develop knowledge and skills already acquired, and - to create new opportunities for improving individuals’ standard of living.

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Non-formal education is carried out through 1- public education, 2- apprenticeship training 3- distance education.

General, vocational and technical non-formal education institutions are 1- public education centers, 2- vocational training centers, 3- practical art schools for girls, 4- industrial practical art schools, 5- technical training centers for adults, 6- hotel and tourism education centers for adults, 7- private courses, 8- special education and application schools, 9- special education vocational schools, 10- special education vocational training centers, 11- special education science and art centers, 12- open primary school, high school, vocational - technical high school and university programs 13- evening high school

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Number of Institutions & Participants in

Non-Formal Education

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Participants

The number of

institutions

Female Male Total

13 013 2. 515. 530 3. 249. 638 5. 765. 168

1- Public Education

Educational activities take place mainly in Public Education Centers throughout the country. Literacy courses, vocational courses, socio-cultural courses and socio-cultural practices are offered to citizens of all ages and education levels in these centers.

Education activities organized outside the formal education are carried out in 966 public education centers . In the 2008/2009 academic year, 176 119 courses were opened and attended by 3 616 944 people.

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2- Apprenticeship Training Centers

Apprenticeship Training is a dual training system in which theoretical training is given in vocational training centers and the practical issues addressed in the workplace.

The training of apprentices covers the education of the children and young people at the age of secondary education who have not been able to continue their education after primary education or who have been left out of formal education for various reasons.

Children who are at least primary education graduates and have reached the age of 14 can follow apprenticeship training.

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The period of apprenticeship training lasts 2-4 years depending on the nature of the profession. Theoretical education takes place at vocational training centers, vocational and technical education centers or education centers for one day a week, and practical training takes place at workplaces in real production environment for five days a week.

Those who have completed the apprenticeship training can take the foremanship examination directly. Those holding the certificate of foremanship can continue on to mastership training for 1-3 years, and gain the right to take the mastership examinations.

At the end of mastership training, individuals can receive the mastery certificate foreseen for competency level. Only those who have a mastership certificate have the right to open a workplace of their own.

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3- Distance (Open) Education

Distance education is provided to ensure equal opportunities for all Turkish citizens, and to support the primary and secondary education system. Distance education includes open primary schools , open high schools and vocational and technical open high schools.

In the 2008/2009 academic year, a total of 1 784 629 students received education through distance education,

684 629 in open primary, secondary and vocational technical high schools and

1.100.000 in open higher education.

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4- Also, local resources such as municipalities organize occupational and training courses. Such activities are popular especially in metropolis of Turkey like İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir.

The examples are BELTEK and BELMEK projects by Greater Municipality of Ankara.

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4.1. Technical Training Courses of the Municipality (BELTEK)

The objective of the BELTEK is - to equip the city-dwellers with knowledge and skills, - to ensure urban integration, - to educate human power suitable for professional standards

required by small and medium scaled enterprises - to plan and implement activities at various types and levels.

BELTEK Technical Training Courses are given in 3-month periods and due to the intensive demand, Courses on Computer Operation, Computer Hardware, Care and Maintenance and Web Page Design are realized as 2-month accelerated courses.

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4.2. Manipulative Skills and Occupational Training Courses (BELMEK)

Examples Of Branches

1- Machine Embroidery2- Clothing3- Fabrics4- Patchwork5- Silver Thread6- Wooden Painting 7- Ceramics8- Mosaic9- Accessory Design10- Calligraphy11- Silk Painting12- Relief

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Thanks for your patience

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