IED Awareness and Search

Copyright 2009 by Magen Solutions LLC. All rights reserved.

IED Awareness and Search DHS Format - Program of Instruction (POI)

Purpose If the law enforcement and first responders are to be effective in CBRNE response, they must have the capability and knowledge to perform in today’s threat paradigm. Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) are the most used yet least understood tool of today’s terrorist worldwide. With their increasing use, comes increasing familiarity of their use by criminal elements in support of non political ends. Today’s first responder needs to have a clear understanding of modern IEDs, along with safe and effective search methods, incident command considerations, and effective response and reporting methods. If realistic and up to date IED awareness and search procedures are implemented effectively into current operations and training they will enhance first responder safety and the security of that environment exponentially. If implemented properly, IED awareness and search will enable first responders to:

Understand the threat from IEDs.

Understand the common methods of attack and conduct a realistic threat assessment.

Have the ability to perform a safe and effective scene size up on an IED incident.

Conduct a thorough and safe search for IEDs.

Recognize key indicators of an IED.

Safely respond to discovery of an IED.

Effectively and safely establish an ICP and safe areas during an evacuation.

Effectively report IED information to the EOD units and establish operations support for their arrival.

Know the impact of IEDs upon the environment.

The elementary Search course will empower the law enforcement and first responders to safely operate within today’s IED threat paradigm.

Course Goals and Learning Objectives Course Goals The aim of the 1 day IED Awareness and Search course is to enable law enforcement or first responder officers to conduct their duties effectively and efficiently within the bounds of regulatory and state law. Have a full and informed understanding of the


criminal and terrorist capability, be able to implement measures which are commensurate to the threat and executed effectively to respond to and reduce preventable casualties and damage from IED attacks. It will provide law enforcement and first responders with a fundamental knowledge of:

Make up of Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) and component parts.

Awareness of terrorist and criminal threats.

Explosives recognition.

Correct response to the discovery of an IED.

Incident command considerations.

Conduct of Searches.

Effective reporting and support to EOD.

Basic forensic awareness.

Understand and implement response in line with NIMS and ICS protocols.

Learning Objectives On completion of the security search course the student will be able to:

Apply a personal threat assessment to a given situation.

Recognise improvised explosive device (IED) and associated components.

Conduct the correct actions to be carried out in the event of an incident or discovery of a device in line with NIMS and ICS practices.

Understand how to safely respond to an IED.

Understand the principles of security search and be able to apply the correct search procedures to counter the threat, these will include:

o Person searches o Vehicle searches o Property / venue and area searches

Target Audience


The IED awareness and search course is designed as a foundation 1 day training course for all law enforcement and first responder assets, emergency management, emergency services such as ambulance and fire. Prerequisites

Must be a qualified member of civil law enforcement, military, first responder, or valid volunteer support agency identified in the jurisdictional response plan.

Scope of Course The IED Awareness and search course is a 1 day structured course designed to educate law enforcement and first responders to implement and conduct security search within daily security operations to respond and prevent criminality and terrorism.

Duration: 8 hours in total –

o 1 hour IED awareness. o 1 hour IED response and safety. o 1 hour in local IED threat.

o 1 hour in worldwide IED threat.

o 1 hour in Home Made Explosive Awareness

o 3 hours in search (classroom / practical)

Course Syllabus. A breakdown of the course syllabus is as follows:

o Introduction to the course. o IED Awareness; know what to look for o IED response; know what to do when you find it. o History of IED attacks. o Current local IED threat. o Current worldwide IED threat. o Home Made Explosive (HME) awareness. o Vehicle search procedures o Venue / building / area search procedures o Evidence Handling Awareness. o Search Equipments (specific to organisation).


o NIMS / ICS considerations.

Training Program. The course is broken down into classroom, presentations practical exercises, and demonstrations.

Course Timeline

Module Module Title Time Allocation

Contact Hours

Day One

Admin 01 Course arrival administration 0.25 hours 0.25 hours

Module 1 IED Awareness (Technical, History) 1.0 hour 1.0 hour

Module 2 Threat Overview (Foreign, Local) 1.5 hours 1.5 hours

Admin 02 Break 0.25 hours none

Module 3 Improvised Explosive Device Response 1.25 hours 1.25 hours

Admin 03 Lunch 1 hour none

Module 4 Home Made Explosives Identification and Safety 1.0 hour 1.0 hour

Module 5 Safe Search and Response 1.0 hour 1.0 hour

Module 6 Post Blast 1.0 hour 1.0 hour

Admin 04 Course critique / review 0.25 hours 0.25 hours

8 Hours Classroom Time 1.75 Hours Administrative Time

Testing and Evaluation Strategy Kirkpatrick’s 1998 four level model for evaluation of training objectives includes four levels applicable to the evaluation strategy for the security search courses: In order to evaluate responders’ perceptions of a satisfaction with training and services the following assessments were carried out:

Level Evaluation type (what is measured)

Evaluation description and characteristics

Examples of evaluation tools and methods

Relevance and practicability

1 Reaction

Reaction evaluation of how the delegates felt about the training or learning experience

Course critique / feedback forms are issued to students at the start of the course.

End of course debrief with students running through course syllabus. Comments noted and also verbal reaction,

Input on content, methods of instruction and delivery from the student is vital to ensure the product delivers that which the client requests. Relevance of course content and any omissions of content may be identified. Quick and very easy to obtain gather and


analyse

2 Learning

The learning evaluation is the measurement of knowledge assimilated and retained by the student at the end of a period of, or course of instruction.

Class discussion at start of a period of learning to gauge class knowledge and experience base.

Use of formative and summative assessment. Assessments at the end of a period of learning or course of instruction.

Formative question and answer sessions during periods of instruction.

Use of written examination to test theory knowledge and practical assessment to test student ability.

Interview or observation can also be used

Use of written relatively simple to set up; clear-cut for quantifiable skills

less easy for complex learning

3 Behavior

Behavior evaluation is the extent of applied learning observed during reinforcement training, assessment.

Application of applied learning on the job – implementation.

Issuing of log book to log experience and further training

Observation on reinforcement and assessment whilst under instruction. and interview over time are required to assess change, relevance of change, and sustainability of change.

Site visits to conduct validation training and review log book content

Measurement of behavior change typically requires cooperation and skill of line-managers

4 Results

results evaluation is the effect on the business or environment by the trainee

measures are already in place via normal management systems and reporting - the challenge is to relate to the trainee

individually not difficult; unlike whole organisation

process must attribute clear accountabilities

These 4 levels are met by the implementation of the Course Assessment Plan (CAP) which forms part of the course design template utilized to construct these training courses: Course Assessment Plan (CAP) Strategy


The aim of the course assessment plan (CAP) is to identify the assessment strategy and to confirm that the student has achieved the necessary practical skills and knowledge to make them a safe and competent in Improvised Explosive Device Awareness and Search. The CAP evaluates the optimum standard of experience and knowledge in those areas covered by the course Training Objectives (TO). Progressive assessment through formative testing is given throughout the course by means of class questioning and discussion. Two summative assessments of practical/oral performance and a summative theory test to confirm underpinning knowledge will be used to measure the achievement of the TO. The student must successfully complete all summative tests to achieve an overall Pass. A detailed Course Assessment Plan (CAP) is attached to this Program of Instruction (POI).

Description of each Lesson/Module

Lesson/Module

Description

IED Awareness IED Awareness will cover the basics component parts and identification of Improvised Explosive Devices. Three categories of explosives will be covered including military, commercial, and home made. Indicator signs for common IEDs will be shown, as well as key indicators in most US IEDs to date. The focus will then be made to a historical overview of IEDs and the evolution of the IED technology and techniques of attacks in the US, UK, and Israel.

Threat Overview The aim of this lesson is to remind the student of the threats that are current and real both worldwide and at the local level. The student will be presented the current threat worldwide with IEDs as primary and secondary weapons both in terrorist and criminal organizations. The local use of IEDs will be presented along with their current targets, technology, and success. The overseas threat in Thailand will be emphasized to demonstrate how rapidly a modern terror/criminal organization can adapt IEDs into their campaign of violence and how lethal the results can be.

Improvised Explosive Device Response

The aim of this presentation is to enable students to take the information from the previous two modules and begin to integrate those lessons learned into their current response protocols. Problems with current response protocols in an IED incident will be covered as well as examples. IED information and response planning into NIMS/ICS will be discussed including integration of EOD/BDU elements from both the civilian, National Guard, and active duty military.

Home Made Explosive (HME) Recognition and Safety

This module will introduce the students to be aware and recognize homemade explosives (HME), their precursors, production equipment, and signs of explosive labs. The hazards and safety measures unique to homemade explosives will be discussed as well


as considerations for forensics preservation. Current and historical use of HME will be presented to provide the student with an understanding of HME capability for use in IEDs.

Safe Search The goals of this lesson will be for the student to understand the critical importance of a safe and methodical search in an IED environment using historical and current examples of IED attacks, the limitations of search, and the necessity of search for secondary devices even after an IED attack. Search techniques for persons, vehicles, buildings, and routes will be presented and discussed with practical demonstrations using IED training aids.

Post Blast This lesson provides the student with the ability to understand the safety considerations in a Post Blast incident. Hazards due to secondary devices will be reviewed, along with introduction of hazards from explosive residue and component parts of an IED. Forensic preservation as critical to preventing future attacks will be discussed and methods for safe operations of Fire, Medical, Police, Search and Rescue, and recovery personnel will be covered.

Prepared for Donnie Lowe of the Seattle PD UASI program by RISC Management.

IED Awareness and Search

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