Ideology of Pakistan

Introduction• 57th Nation state of United

Nations, Pakistan emerged as a sovereign state on August 14,1947.

• Ideology of Pakistan is based on Islam and Two nation theory

What is ideology Ideology is a French word.

The French philosopher Tracy used the word ideologiein French Revolution.

An ideology is a set of aims and ideas that directs one's goals, expectations, and actions

The term ‘ideology’ means science of ideas.

What is an Ideology?• A subjective phenomena

• Science of ideas and ideals

• A set of proposals about human nature and society

• An interpretation of the past, explanation of the present and a vision for the future

• Not consistent but dynamic phenomena.

• Two ideological states in the world

I:- Pakistan II:-Israel

Here's what Webster's dictionary gives us for

ideology:

visionary theorizing

a systematic body of concepts esp. about human life

or culture

a manner or the content of thinking characteristic of

an individual, group, or culture

the integrated assertions, theories, and aims that

constitute a sociopolitical program

Emergence of an ideology

• A phenomena to achieve some particular objectives

• Always emerges in crisis

• Emerges amongst the exploited and dissatisfied groups of society

• Oppressed, rejected and mistreated people lead to emergence of ideologies.

Importance of An Ideology Works as a lynch pin among revolutionaries

A cementing force

Provides a line of action

A pre-requisite for establishment of a new social system

Basis of Ideology of Pakistan Sovereignty belongs to Allah.

Islamic state governed by teachings of Quran & Sunnah.

To save the distinct religious, political, economical, cultural and social identity of Muslims

Emancipation from Hindu domination.

Two-Nation theory.

To establish an Islamic economic system.

To establish an Islamic democracy

Language issue

Territorial land

The only sovereign is Allah Islam acted as a nation building force before the

establishment of Pakistan. Ideology of Pakistan basically means that Pakistan should be a state where the Muslims should have an opportunity to live according to the faith and creed based on the Islamic principles. They should have all the resources at their disposal to enhance Islamic culture and civilization.

Quaid-e-Azam said

“Pakistan was created the day the first Indian national entered the field of Islam.” From the above statement, it is clear that Ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic one.

Islam, a Nation-Building Force Pakistan came into being on the basis of Islam. It was

only Islam, which galvanized Muslims and lined them up behind Muslim League. Other factors, political and economic ones, also played some part in uniting Muslims to struggle for Pakistan but Islam was the preponderant factor as it serves as a cementing force for Muslim society and is the primary link between Muslims the world over.

Quaid-e-Azam said

“We do not demand Pakistan simply to have a piece of land but we want a laboratory where we could experiment on Islamic principles.”

The fundamental teachings of Islam are universally accepted. Belief in God, finality of prophet-hood, human rights and social justice, management of affairs through consensus, moral values of charitableness, tolerance and universal brotherhood; these are sonic of the cardinal principles enshrined by the Quran and Sunnah. The only force which keeps Muslim nation united is Islam which is the ideological foundation of Pakistan.

Democratic System In an Islamic state, all the affairs are decided on the basis of

Shariat (Democracy). In other words, all the social, economic, political and the cultural affairs are operated on the basis of mutual consensus and Islamic democracy. The same system has also been referred in Surah Al-Imram, Muhammad (P.B.U.H) used to operate all the state affairs after discussing with his Sahabas (companions), When this questions rose that what would be the system of government in Pakistan, it should, no doubt, be Islamic.

Creation of Pakistan is the glorious example of ijma-e-ummat (national consensus). At the time of establishment of Pakistan, referendum was held in all the Muslim majority provinces to take their consent to the included in Pakistan.

NATION-NATIONALISM

NATION has common culture language history sympathies civilization religion heroes regional loyalty boundaries territory.

DISPUTES ON THE BASE OF NATIONALISM Violent disputes between Armenistan and Azerbaijan.

In Kashmir (Hindu-Muslim).

In Indian Punjab there is Khalisa Movement.

In Sri-Lanka “Tamil and Sinhalese”.

Long running dispute between Arabs and Jewish.

Kurds in Turkey, Iraq and Iran.

In Africa, Nationalism is in the form of tribalism. (Pakistan Case Study)

Definition: Nation A nation is a territory or country as political entity or a

grouping of people who share real or imagined common history, culture, language or ethnic origin, often possessing or seeking its own government.

RELIGION-SOLE LOGIC FOR IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN Foundation of Pakistan could not possibly be laid on

common race, common language and common territory.

In Pakistan, there were numerous ethnic group such as Punjabi, Sindhi, Balochi, Bengali and Pashtun.

So, religion was a nation-building force.

Quaid’s words regarding Pakistan as nation.

“ Islam has taught us this and i think you will agree with

me, for whatever else you may be and whatever you are, you are a

Muslim. You belong to a nation now; you have carved out a

territory, vast territory, it is all yours; it does not belong to a

Punjabi or a Sindhi or a Pathan or a Bengali; it is yours”.

WAS QUAID IN FAVOR OF THEOCRATIC STATE? Islam-Nationalism, Patriotism- not Secterianism. Pakistan- religious state not theocratic state. Islam creates a Polite civil Society. Quaid’s wordings

“Make no mistake; Pakistan is not a theocracy or anything like it, Islam demands from us the tolerance of other creeds and we welcome in closest association with us all those who, of whatever creed or themselves willing and ready to play their part as true and loyal citizens of Pakistan”.

Two Nation theory

A concept given by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan that there were two Nations in British India

• Muslims

• Non-Muslims Muslims of India had there own culture, civilization,

mores, stereotypes,norms contrary to that of other Non-Muslims of India.

HINDUISM AND ISLAM Ideological difference.

Religious difference.

Socially difference.

Economically differentiation.

Administratively difference.

Statistically conflict.

Extremist point of view regarding Muslims.

The Two Nation Theory was the basis of the struggle for creation of Pakistan which held that Hindus and Muslims are two separate nations. They in spite of living together for centuries could not forget their individual cultures and civilization. Al-Beruni recorded

his ideas in 1001 A.D in his famous book "Kitab-ul-Hind" as The Hindu society maintained this peculiar character over the centuries. The two societies, Hindus and Muslims, like two streams have sometimes touched but never merged, each following its separate course.

Hindu Nationalism A number of Hindu nationalist movement, which emerged

from time to time in the Indian history, added fuel to the fire by playing up the tension and antagonism which already existed between the two communities. The Hindu nationalist leaders totally ignored the great contribution made by the Muslims in the Indian society by way of promoting education and other social activities. Their writings and ideas flared up the communal discord between Hindus and Muslims to further pollute condition.

Economic Differences After 1857, the Muslim economic was crushed and all

trade policies were framed in such a way so as to detriment the Muslim condition. They were thrown out of Government services and their estates and properties were confiscated while the Hindus were provided with the ample opportunities to progress economically.

Political Differences Congress Attitude

Urdu Controversy

Partition of Bengal

Language issue

Conclusion The fundamental concept of the ideology of Pakistan

is that Muslims are separate nation having their own culture, literature, religion and way of life. They cannot be merged in any other nation. They should be able to develop their culture and religious traditions in an Islamic State and they should be able to create a true Islamic society for themselves.

Thus the ideology of Pakistan which developed through the period of Mohammad Bin Qasim and others and followed by political leaders like Quaid-e-Azam was materialized in 1947.