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Id communication in Sambahsa

The aim of this draft is to provide the English speaker a fair amount of basicsambahsa vocabulary. It was inspired by “Basic Global English” by Pr. J.Grzega.Thanks to Dave McLeod (www.pageF30.com ) for reviewing this document

The sambahsa phonetic transcription:

The orthography of Sambahsa has been already explained in the Grammar document. Here, we only explain how the transcripted letters have to be pronounced.

[a] = like “a” in “car”[ä] = like “e” in “bed”, but often a bit longer [b] = as in English[c] = as “sh” in “shoe”[d] = as in English

[e] = as in Italian or Spanish. Listen to it: http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxa[ë] = as “e” in “the”[f] = as in English[g] = as “g” in “give”[h] = as “h” in “hope”[i] = as “i” in “bit”[j] = as “si” in “vision”[k] = as in English[l] = as in English[m] = as in English[n] = as in English[o] = as in English[ö] = as “u” in “burn”, but slightly longer [p] = as in English[q] = it is the “ach-laut” of German or the “jota” of Spanish. Listen to “khaco” (I’m notable to”: [qAko] : http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxf [r] = its pronounciation varies from region to region. Nevertheless, “rr” and “rh” haveto be pronounced rolled, as in Spanish.[s] = as “s” in “say”[t] = as in English[u] = as “oo” in “book”

[ü] = it is the “u” of French or the “ü” of German. Listen to “styr” (steering wheel) :http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxk[v] = as in English[w] = as in English[x] = it is the “ich-laut” of German. Listen to “ghianshiek” (rock, stone) :http://tts.imtranslator.net/4Fxt[y] = as “y” in “you”[z] = as “z” in “zero”[§] = as “th” in “thin”

Stressed vowels are written in capital letters, and a [:] following a vowel indicates that

this one has to be lengthened. Letters in italics can be left unpronounced.

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In the following wordlists, in order to help new learners of sambahsa, we’ll try toindicate some derived forms of nouns and verbs, though there are almost noirregularities in Sambahsa. In general, most substantives and adjectives areinterchangeable in Sambahsa.

Plu : plural Pp : past (passive) participles

1) Id alphabet [alfAbd]

a, b [be], c [tse], d [de], e, f, g [dje], h [hatc], i, j [jye], k [ka], l, m, n, o, p [pe], q [ku], r,s, t [te], u, v [v], w [we], x, y [ü], z [dzed]

2) Ego (“I”)

Birth : gnahsa [nyA:sa]To be born : gnah [nya:] (Present: gnahm, gnahs, gnaht, gnahm(o)s, gnahte, gnaht;Past: gnahsim, gnahst(a), gnahsit, gnahsam, gnahsat, gnahr; Pp: gnaht/gnahn)(to) change : change [tcAnd  jë]Country: land [land]Foreign : gospoti [gospOti]To have : habe [hab]. This verb is irregular. See the grammar.Language : bahsa [bA:sa], lingua [lIngwa]Life : gwitTo live : gwivMother tongue : materbahsa [matërbA:sa](to) name : nam (past: niem)nation : nation [natyOn]old : veut [vöt]own (adjective) : wipassport : passport [paspOrt](to) plan : plan (past : plien)religion : religion [rëlidjyOn]single (unmarried) : baclar [baklAr]smoke : dum

to smoke : deum [deum]. (Infinitive: dumes [düms]; Past: dum; with endings: dumim,dumst(a), dumit, dumam, dumat, dumeer [dümEër]; Pp: dumt/dumen [dÜmen])to want : volto wish : vansch [vanc]. (Past: viensch)year : yar 

Some sentences:Mien nam est [myen nam est] = my name isQuod est vies nam ? [kwod est vyes nam] = what is your name ?Kam yarat ste yu ? [kam yarAt ste yu ?] = how old are you ?Som = I am

Gwivo in [gwIvo in] = I live in...

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3) Urgence [urdjEnt së] = emergency

 Accident : accident [akt sIdënt]

To accuse : accuse [akk üzë] Allergic : allergic [all Erdjik](to) attack : attaque [att  Ak]bomb : bombeCold (adjective) : srig(law) court : tribunal [tribunAl](to) crash : crasch [krac] (Past: criesch)Danger : danger [dAnd  jër]To defend : defend [dëfEnd] (Past: defens [dëfEns], Pp: defens/defenden)To destroy : destrug [dëstrUg] (Infinitive: destruge [dëstrÜdj]; Present: destrugo,destrucs, destruct, destrugmos, destructe, destruge(nt); Recommended past:

destruxim, destrucst(a), destruxit, destruxam, destruxat, destruxeer [dëstrüksEër];Pp: destruct/destrugen [dëstrÜdjën])To do: kwehr [kwe:r] (Past: kwohr)Embassy : ambassade [ambasAd]Enemy : peind [peynd]To fall : fall [fall ]; (Past: fiell)To feel : kheiss [qeys] (Infinitive: khisses [qIsës]; Past: khiss [qis]Fight : katu [kAtu]To fight : katue [katÜ]Fire (untamed): piurnTo fix, to repair : repare [rëpAr]Gun : gvond(to) help : hehlp [he:lp], (past: hohlp, Pp: hohlpt/hohlpen)hospital : hospital [hospitAl]to injure : veurn [vörn] (Infinitive: vurnes [vUrns], Past: vurn [vurn])(to) judge : judce [jUdt së]lawyer : advocat [advokAt]to mean : mayn (Past: mieyn [myeyn])medicine (healing substance): pharmac [farmAk](to) need : naudh [nAod] (past: nieudh [nyöd] )pain : gvol

pharmacy : pharmacia [farmAtsya], apotheque [apo§Ek]police : police [polItsë]problem : probleme [problEm]protect from : proteg [protEg] ud; (Infinitive: protege [protEdjë]; Present: protego,protecs, protect, protegmos, protecte, protege(nt) [protEdj(ënt )]; Recommended past:protexim, protecst(a), protexit, protexam, protexat, protexeer [protëxEër]; Pp:protect/protegen [protEdjën]).Right (a right to do) : rect(to) rule : reul [röl]; (Infinitive: rules [rüls], Past: rul [rul]; Pp: rult/rulen [rÜlën]).To steal : klehpt [kle:pt]. (Past: klohpt)Toilet : tualette [twalEt]

Weapon : arme [Armë]

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Me gvolt mien hand [më gvolt myen hand] = My hand hurtsMe gvole(nt) mien peds [më gvOl(ënt) myen pedz] = My feet hurt

4) Werds os general utilitat (General useful words).

To act: ag (Past: ieg; Pp: act/agen [Adjën]) Aim : ziel [dzyEl]To be : ses (This verb is irregular; look at the Grammar )To become: bih [bi:] (Past: bihsim [bI:sim], bihst(a), bihsit, bihsam, bihsat, bihr)To bind : behnd (Past: bohnd)To bring : brinegh [brInëg] (Infinitive : bringhes [brIngz], Present: bringho, bringhs,bringht, bringhmos, bringhte, bringhe(nt); Past: brigh)To carry : behr (Past: bohr)Case (situation) : fall(to) cause : cause [kAozë]

chance : chance [tcAnt së]condition : condition [kondityOn]To dare: deurs [dörs] (Infinitive: durses [dUrsës] ; Past : durs)To depend on : depend ud [dëpend] (Past: depens).To develop : (transitive) : antplehc [antplE :k] (Infinitive : antplehce [antplE :ts] ;Present : antplehco, antplehcs, antplehct, antplehcmos, antplehcte, antplehce(nt)[antplE :ts(ënt)] ; Past : antplohc ; Pp : antplohct, antplohcen [antplO :tsën])(intransitive) : antslehnk [antslE :nk] (Past : antslohnk)different : different [difErënt]dot : nuktaeffect : effect [efEkt]Element: element [Elëmënt](to) end : end (Past: ens); (definitive): substantive: fin; verb: fineih [finE:y] (Infinitive:finihes [finI:s] Past: finih)enough : sat, kafieven (adverb): hattaTo fill : pleh [ple :] (Past : plehsim [plE :sim], plehst(a), plehsit, plehsam, plehsat,plehr)To force : force [fortsë]To forget: myehrs (Past: myohrs)General : general [djënërAl]

To get (to receive) : dak (Past : diek)Great : grand, megil [mEdjil] (comparative: meger [mEdjër], superlative: megst]To happen: wakye [wAkyë]Heavy : gwaur To hold: dehrj [de:rj] (Past: dohrj)How : kamImportant : important [importAnt]To keep : gweup [gwöp] (Infinitive: gwupes [gwüps]; Past: gwup; Pp: gwupt/gwupen[gwüpen])To let : lass (Past: liess)Light : legv

Mainly : khaliban [qalibAn]Origin: origin [oridjIn]

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Possible : possible [posIblë]Private : privat [privAt]Probable : probable [probAblë]To pull: trag (Infinitive: trage [trAdjë], Past: trieg or  traxim, traxist, traxit, traxam,traxat, traxeer; Pp: tract/tragen [trAdjën])

Public : public [pUblik]To push: pusc [pusk] (Infinitive: pusce [pus])To put : deh [de:] (Past: dehsim [dE:sim], dehst(a), dehsit, dehsam [de:sAm], dehsat,dehr).Quite : destull [dëstUll ]Rather : anter [Antër]Real : real [rëAl], druvTo remember : mehm (Past : mohm)Same : samSecret : secret [sëkrEt]To seem : kwehk (Past: kwohk)

To sever : separe [sëpAr]To set : posen [pOzën] (Infinitive: pones [pons], Present: pono, pons, pont, ponmos,ponte, pone(nt); Past: pos; Pp: post/posen)Similar : similar So much : temSpecial : special [spëtsyAl]Spot, place : stetSuch a: un talg, un solgSure, certain : sure [sür], yakin [yakIn]System : systeme [süstEm]Thing : jectThis way, thus: katha [kA§a]Too much : pior Usual : adic [Adik]Very : megTo wait for : skehpt + accusative. (Past: skohpt)What : quodWhere : quer [ker]Which ? : qualgWho ? : quis [kis], qua, quel [kel]Why : ma

Wonderful : daumost [daomOst]

5) Famila ed prients [famIlya ed pryents] : family and friends

 Alive: gwivBrother: brater [brAtër]To care: kaur Child: (descendant): purt ; (young): magvDaughter : dugter [dUgtër]To die: mehr (Past: mohr); daunet (Infinitive: dauntes [dAonts]; Past: daut; Pp:

daut(en))Familiar: familiar [familyAr]

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Father : pater [pAtër]To give: dah (Past: dahsim, dahst(a), dahsit, dahsam, dahsat, dahr)Guest: gostHusband: mannTo invite: invite

To kiss: kussen [kUsën] (Infinitive: kunes [küns], Present: kuno, kuns, kunt, kunmos,kunte, kune(nt) [kün(ënt)], Past: kuss; Pp: kusst/kussen)To marry: gham (Past: ghiem [gyem])Match (partner): taraf [tarAf]Mother: mater [mAtër]Package: packPartner: partner [pArtnër] A present: hadia [hAdya], maton [matOn]To rely on: antreus [antrÖs] (Infinitive: antruses [antrÜsës]; Past: antrus; Pp:antrust/antrusen [antrÜzën]Sister: swes(ter) [swEstër]

Son: sonSurprise: surprise [surprIz]True: druv, ver Truth: druve [drüv], vertat [vërtAt]Wife : gvibh, esor [esOr]

6) Anghens ed ir kweitus [Angëns ed ir kwEytus] : People and their features.

 Able (to): kabil [kAbil] kayBad: (failing): khak [qak]Beautiful: bellBoy: pwarnClever: clever Error: error [errOr]Fair: prabhFine: faynGirl: pieg [pyeg], bint, kweilGood: (suceeded): gohd [go:d]Group: gruppHabit: adet [Adët]

Healthy: saun [sAon]Honest: honeste [honEstë]Human: mensc [mensk] (plural: mensci [mEnsi])Man (male): wir To mean: mayn (Past: mieyn [myeyn])Nice (gentle): latif [lAtif]Old: veut [vöt]People (group of persons): leuds [lödz] (Plural noun)Person : anghenPoor: ormPopular: popular [populAr]

Quality: qualitat [kwalitAt]Rich: riche

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Simple: simple [sImplë]Small: smulkSociety: societat [sotsyetAt]Soft: mliakStrange: stragn

Strong: nertTall: buland [bulAnd]Terrible: terrible [terrIblë]Thin: teun [tön]Weak: slabWoman: gwen(a)Young: yun (comparative: yuner [yÜnër])

7) Tolke ed scribe : Talking and Writing

To accept: accepte [akt sEptë]To admit: admitt (Past: admiss)To advice: radh + dative of the person (Past: riedh)To agree: samstehm [samstE:m] (Past: samstohm [samstO:m])To allow: permitt (Past: permiss)To answer: antwehrd [antwE:rd] (Past: antwohrd)To ask (someone) : sprehg [spre:g]; (Infinitive : sprehge [spre:dj]; Present : sprehgo,sprehcs, sprehct, sprehgmos, yu sprehcte, sprehgent; Past basic form : sprohg). +acc. of the person asked.To attach: attacheTo believe: credeih [krëdEy:] (Infinitive: credihes [krëdI:s]; Past: credih [krëdi:])Best regards: con sellsto namos [kon sElsto nAmos]To call: kal (Past: kiel)Card: carteCause: cause [kAozë]Clear: clar To concern: concern [kontsErn]To consider: considere [considEr]To deal with: deil con (Infinitive: diles [dils]; Past: dil)To excuse: excuse [ekskÜzë]Fact: fact

Joke: scherz [cerdz]To laugh: gleih (Infinitive: glihes [gli:s]; Past: glih [gli:])Letter (something sent): brevLetter (written sign): buksteiv [bukstEyv]To lie: leugh (infinitive: lughes [lugz]; Past: lugh)List: liste, daftar [daftAr]To listen to: kleu [klö] + accusative (Infinitive: klues [klü:s]; Past: klu)Luck: nassib [nAsib]To mean: mayn (Past: mieyn [myeyn])To meet : ghat [gat] (Past: ghiet [gyet])Misunderstanding: mispreten [misprEtën]

News: khabar [qabAr]No: no

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Perhaps: maghses [mAgsës]Please: plais [pläs]Point: pointTo print: druckTo promise: promitt (Past: promiss)

To pronounce: pronunce [pronUnt së], swehr (Past: swohr)Question: question [këstyOn]Reason: raison [räzOn]To refer: se refer [rëfEr]To regard as: ay (Past: iey) + double accusativeReport: rapport [rapOrt]To say: sayg (Infinitive: sayge [saydjë]; Past: sieyg [syeyg])Sense: senseTo speak: bahTo spell: buksteiv (Past: bukstiv [bUkstiv])State (situation): stand

Story: storiaTo suggest: suggest [sugd  jEst]To tell (a story): narre, lehg (Infinitive: lehge [le:djë]; Past: lohg)To thank: dank (Past: dienk)To think: mehn (Past: mohn)Topic: topic [tOpik]To translate: tarjem [tArjëm] (Infinitive: tarjmes [tArjmës]; Past: tarj)To treat: traite [trät]To understand: preteView: vidTo warn: warn (Past: wiern)Welcome: sellgumt [selgUmt]Word: werdTo write: scrib (Recommended past: scripsim [scrIpsim], scripst(a), scripsit, scripsam,scripsat, scripseer [scripsEër])Yes: ya

8) Numers ed quantitats (nÜmërs ed kwantitAts): numbers and quantities

Zero: zero [dzEro]

One: oinTwo : dwoThree : triFour : quar Five: penk(we)Six: sixSeven: spet(a)Eight: oct(o)Nine: nevTen : dec

“-teens” are made by suffixing “-dem” while “-ties” are with “-gim”

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hundred: cent [tsent]thousand: mil

first: preter (of 2) [prEtër]; prestsecond: dwoter (of 2) [dwOtër]; second [sëkOnd]

Other ordinals are formed by adding –t, or –im, if the former is incompatible.

The other: alter [Altër] Another: alyo [Alyo] (is often declined, see the grammar)Else: alsLast: senter [sEntër] (of 2); senst

The amount of occurences can be indicated with “ker(s)” = “time(s)”, or by suffixing –(en)s. “dwis” = “twice” is irregular.

To add: addeih (Infinitive: addihes [adI:s]; Past: addih [adI:]) All: quant Almost: quasi [kwAzi] Any: can be rendered with “cada” [kAda]Both: boEach: ielg; (of é): ieter [yEtër]Empty: tuichFew: paukFull: plenTo increase: aug (Infintive: auge [Aodjë]; Present: augo, aucs, auct, augmos, aucte,auge(nt); Past: ieug [yög])Little: pauMany, much: maungMathematics: mathematique [ma§matIk] (singular)More ... than: meis... quem [kem]Nothing: neid (is declined, see the grammar)Only: tikPair: pair [pär]Part: part, deilPer cent: percent [përtsEnt]; procent [protsEnt]Piece: schtuk

Several: plur Size: mege [mEdjë]Some: semTogether: com(samen)Whole: hol

9) Tarikhe, wakt, calendar (tarIq, wakt, kalëndAr): Date, time, calendar 

 Afternoon: posmiddien [posmidyEn]Day: dien

Evening: vesper [vEspër]Hour: (as a duration): hor; (as a time limit): saat

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Minute: minute [minÜt]Month: muntMorning: aghyern [Agyërn]Night: noctWeek: hevd

Year: yar Sunday: mingoMonday: mundie [mundI]Thursday: ardie [ardI]Wednesday: credie [krëdI]Tuesday: khamsi [qAmsi]Friday: juma [jUma]Saturday: sabd

January: januar [januAr]February: februar [fëbruAr]

March: mart April: aprile [aprIl]May: mai [mä]June: junJuly: jul August: august [aogUst]September: september October: october November: november December: december [dëtsEmbër]

Spring: wer Summer: lientFall: osyern [Osyërn]Winter: winter, ghim

 Again: iter [Itër] Already: ja Always: semper [sEmpër]To begin: inkap [inkAp] (Past: inkiep [inkyEp])

Early: ausEver: aiw(o) [Äw(o)]Future: (adjective): futur [futUr]; (substantive): future [futÜr]To last: dure [dür]Late: (not early) sertMoment: moment [mOmënt]Never: naiw(o) [nÄw(o)]Now: nunOften: opsPast: prevPresent: present [prëzEnt]

Soon: moxThen: tun

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Today: hoydTomorrow: crasYesterday: ghes [ges]

Dates are given this way: January 1, 2006 = Dien 1 januar 2006 = Dien oin januar 

dwomil six.

10)Pieut [pyöt] : Food

 Apple: apel [Apël]To bake: bauk [bAok] (Past: bieuk [byök])Bitter: bitter Bread: dvanBottle: botel [botEl]Bowl: bol

Cake: torteCereal: arwrn [Arurn], cereal [tsërëAl]Cheese: caise [käz]Chop: cotlett [kotlEt]Coffee: cofie [kofI:]Cold: srig (Comparative: sriger [srIdjër])To cook: coc [kok] (infinitive: coce [kots])Cream: smantan [smantAn]Cup: tasseDish: pliatTo drink: poh (Recommended past: pohsim, pohst(a), pohsit, pohsam, pohsat, pohr)To eat: edd (Past: ess)Egg: oivFresh: freschFruit: fruit [frwIt]Glass glasHealthy: saun [sAon]Honey: mieltHot: chaldHungry: hungric [hUngrik]Juice: juce [jütsë]

Knife : knivMaize: maysMeal: chifan [tcifAn]Meat: miemsMilk: melgPlate: taler [tAlër]Pot: potPotato: kartoffel [kartOfël], patat [patAt]Rice: risSalad: salat [salAt]Salt: sald

Sausage: vurstSoup: soup

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Sugar: suker [sÜkër]Sweet: swadhTea: chay [tcay]Thirsty: teurstic [tÖrstik]Vegetable: opst

Water: wed; (as a mineral element): aqua [Akwa]Yogurt: yogurt [yogUrt]

11)Vesters [vEstërs] : Clothes

Belt : yeusmen [yÖsmën]Big: mier [myer]To cut : seg (Infinitive: sege [sEdjë]Dress (for ladies): rogvTo dress: du (Infinitive: due [dü])

Hat : hatJacket: jaquet [jAkët]Large: largeLong: longMedium : medio [mEdyo]Pocket : gep [djep]Shirt: camiss [kamIs] (plural: camissa [kamIsa])Shoe : schou [cu :]Short : cortSize : mege [mEdjë]Small: smulkTrousers : brugs (plural) ; pantalon [pantalOn] (singular)To wear : vehs (Past : vohs )

12)Gwive in dom : Living in the house

 Address : adresse [adrEs] Apartment : apartmentBed : crovat [krovAt], lictBox : scatule [skAtül]

To build : (con)strug (Infinitive: struge [strÜdjë]; recommended past: struxim,strucst(a), struxit, struxam, struxat, struxeer [strüksEër]; PP: struct/strugen [strÜdjën])Chair : stol, stulClean : kiestClock: horloge [horlOdj]Cupboard : dulap [dulAp]Dirty : murdar [murdAr]Door : dwer Floor (level): etage [etAdj]Home : hemKey : cleich (plu: cleicha)

Lift : liftTo live : gwiv (PP: gwiwt/gwiven)

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Mirror : specule [spEkül](electric) power : srovto rent : stajer [stAjër] (Past: stiejer)Room : kyalTo sit : sedd (Past: sess; PP: sess/sedden)

To Sleep: swehp (Past: swohp)Stairs : drab (singular)Table : table [tAblë]Trash : zibel [dzIbël]To wake up : (oi)sbeud [(oy)sböd] (Infinitive: (oi)sbudes [(oy)sbüdz]; Past: (oi)sbud );(only intr:) : gehr [dje:r]; past : gohr [go:r]Wall : mur To wash: lav (PP: lawt/laven)Window : fenster 

13)Colors [kolOrs]

Black: swordBlue : blou [blu:]Brown : brunGreen : glendGrey/gray : greisRed : rudhWhite : albhYellow : gehlb [dje:lb]

14) In scol ed universitat : At school and university

To add : addeih [adEy:] (Infinitive: addihes [adI:s]; Past: addih)Board (on the wall): tabule [tAbül]To break: brehg (Infinitive: brehge [bre:djë]; Present: brehgo, brehcs, brehct,brehgmos, brehcte, brehge(nt); Past: brohg).Circle : circule [tsIrkül]Class : classeComplete : complet(e) [komplEt]

To count : conte, lehg (Past: lohg)To Correspond : correspond (Past: correspons)Course : cursDictionary : dictionar [diktyonAr]Difference : difference [difërEnt së]Difficult : difficil [difItsil]To divide : divid [divId] (Past: divis; PP: divis/dividen)Easy : facil [fAtsil]Education : education [edukatyOn]Error : error [errOr]Exact : exact

Example : exempelExercise : exercice [eksërtsIts]

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False : falsForm : formeHard : kaurd [kAord]History : historia [histOrya]Idea : idee [idEë]

Language : bahsa [bA:sa], lingua [lIngwa]To learn : euc [ök] (Infinitive: uces [Ütsës]; Past: ucim [Utsim], ucst(a), ucit [Utsit],ucam, ucat, uceer [ütsEër]; PP: uct/ucen [Ütsën])Line : ligne [lInyë]Mathematics : mathematique [ma§ëmatIk]Minus : minusPaper : papier [papyEr]Pen : kalem [kAlëm]Plus : plusPractice : praxisProblem : probleme [problEm]

To read : leis (Infinitive : lises [lIzës]To Recognize: recogneih [rëkonyEy:] (Infinitive: recognihes [rëkonyI:s] )Result : resultat [rëzultAt]Round : rundScience : science [syent së]Scissors : nojitSquare : quadrat [kwadrAt]Student : studyent [stUdyënt]To study : studye [stUdyë]To solve : solvTable : table [tAblë]Task : taskTo teach : doc (Infinitive : doce [dots])Test : testTo write : scrib (recommended past: scripsim, scripst(a), scripsit, scripsam, scripsat,scripseer; PP: script/scriben)Wrong : ghaw

15) In orbat [in orbAt] : At work

To apply (for) : candidat [kandidAt] (Past: candidiet) proTo attach : attache [atAtc]To check: chehx (Past: chohx)Company : compagnie [kompanyI:]Copy : copie [kopI:]To decide : decid [dëtsId] (Past : decis)Experience : experience [expëryEnt s]Farm : farmJob : jobLead : duc (Infinitive: duce [düts]; Past: duxim, ducst(a), duxit, duxam, duxat, duxeer [düksEër])

Letter (sent): brevList : liste, daftar 

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Machine : machine [matcI:n]Position : position [pozityOn]Practical : practicProgram : programmeReport : rapport [rapOrt]

Responsible : massoul [masU:l]To retire : rentire [rëntIr]To Save (a copy): salvguarde [salvgwArd]To send : yeis (Infinitive: yises [yIzës]; Past: yis)Skill : ilmTeam: swoinTool : alat [alAt]To use : neud [nöd] (Infinitive: nudes [nüdz]); use [üz]

16)Hobbys, farakhat [hObis, faraqAt] : Hobbies, free time

Ball : ballBeach : plajBook : bukCamp : waunCard : carteTo celebrate : celebre [tsëlEbrë]Concert : concert [kont sErt]To dance : dans (Past: diens)Fun : glewos, gleus [glös]Game : leikGoal (football): golHolidays : feriasInstrument : instrument [instrÜmënt]Interest : interesse [intërEs]To jump : skand (Past: skiend or skans)Key : cleichTo like : kam (Past : kiem)Music : music [mUzik]To paint : pineg [pInëg] (Infintive: pinges [pInd  jës]; Present: pingo, pincs, pinct,pingmos, yu pincte, pinge(nt); Past: pig; PP: pict/pigen)

Picture : kwiter [kwItër]To play : leik (Infinitive : likes [liks]; Past : lik)To please : plais [pläs] (Infinitive : plaise [pläz]) A show : skau, tamsil [tAmsil]To sing : sehngv (Past: sohngv)Song : songvSound : swonSport : sportTo swim : snah (Past: snahsim, snahst(a), snahsit, snahsam, snahsat, snahr)Theater : theatre [§ëAtr ë]Toy : leuyk

To visit : visite [vizIt]

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17)Khisses [qIsës] / Feeling

 Alone : saul [sAol] Angry : irat [irAt]To concern : concern [kontsErn]To dream : drehm (Past: drohm)To feel : kheiss [qeis] (Infinitive : khisses [qIsës]; Past : khiss [qis])Fear : paur [pAor]To fear : bay (Past: biey [byey])Happy : noroct [norOkt]To hate : haissen [hÄsën] (Infinitive : haines [hÄns]; Past : haiss)To hope : speh [spe:] (Past : spehsim, spehst(a), spehsit, spehsam, spehsat, spehr)To like : kam (Past: kiem)

To love : lieubh [lyöb] (Infinitive : liubhes [liubz]; Past : liubh)Sad : yuiSatisfied : satisfact/satisfacen [satisfAtsën]To smile : smeih (Infinitive : smihes [smI:s]; Past : smih )State (a situation) : standTired : strakTo worry : sweurgh [swörg] (Infinitive : swurghes [swurgz]; Past: swurgh)

18) Ep id strad : On the road

 Arrive : arrive [arrIv]Back(side) : caud [kAod]Bag : sackBike : cip(ed) [tsIp(ëd)]Block : blockBoat : boot [boot]Bottom : budmen [bUdmën]Bus : bus [bus]Car : wogh, carr To come : gwehm (Past: gwohm)

Corner : wangwl [wAngul]To cross : tehr (Past : tohr)To drive : wehgh (Past : wohgh)East : eust [öst]Far from : dalg udFast : oku (can work as an adverb too), kshiuu [kxyUu], rapidTo find : trehv (Past : trohv)To follow : sehkw (Past: sohkw)Front : frontGas (vehicle-fuel) : naftTo go : gwah + accusative of the destination (recommended past : gwahsim,

gwahst(a), gwahsit, gwahsam, gwahsat, gwahr ) ; eih (Infinitive : ihes [i:s]; Past : ih ).Guide : guide [gwid]

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Here : her High : hogTo leave : linekw (Infinitive : linkwes [lInkwës], Present: linkwo, linkws, linkwt,linkwmos, linkwte, linkwnt [lInkunt]; Past: likw )Left : lev(ter)

Low : ghemMap : mapTo move : mov (PP: mot/moven)Next : niebstNorth : nordPlace : place [plats]Plane : plavTo reach : nak (Past : niek)To ride : reid (Infinitive : rides [ridz]; Past : rid )Right : dex(ter)To run : curr (Past : curs; PP: curs/curren); drah

Side : gonSlow : lentSouth : sudSquare : quadrat [kwadrAt]Station : station [statyOn]Step : stieup [styöp]Straight ahead : seid perodh [seyd përOd]There : ter Top : topTraffic : kwehlenTrain : train [trän]Trip : safer [sAfër], dyuvTo turn : touren [tU:rën] (Infinitive : tournes [tU:rns]; Past : tour)Way : weghWest : west

19) Id ambient [ambyEnt] / the environment

 Air : air Buisson : busk (plu: buska)

Clear : clar Cold : srigDark: deuskDry : siuk, xer Earth : ardhField : poldFlower : flor Forest : forest [forEst]Garden : gardenGold : goldGras : gras

To grow: crehsc [kre:sk] (Infinitive: crehsce [kre:s]; Past : crohsc [kro:sk])Hot : chald

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Ice : glehdjLake : lak (lac)Light (sun) : luce [lüts]Moon : meunMountain : ghyor(a)

Natural : naturalPark : parkRain : seuy [söy]River : sreumen [srömën]Sea : mar Silver : argwrnt [Argurnt]Snow : sneigvStar : star Stone : (small / substance): petraSun : solTree : dru

Warm : warmWeather : weter Wet : smeuWind : windWood : (substance): dreuWorld : mund

20) Memsa : Body-parts

 Arm : brakh [braq]Back : regvBlood : sehrgBody : corp(o)s (plural : corpsa)Breast : xiongbu [ksyOngbu]Breathe : annem [Anëm] (Infinitive: annmes [Anmës]; Present: annmo, annems,annemt, annmmos, yu annemt, annment; Past: ann; PP: annt/annen)Ear : aur Eye : ok (possible plural : okwi)Face : lige [lidj] (plural: liges [lIdjës])Finger : fingher 

Foot : pedGlasses : bril (singular)Hair : kaysHand : handHead : capHeart : kerdTo hear : aur (Past : ieur [yÖr])Knee : genu [djEnu]To know : gnoh [nyo:] (Present: gnohm, gnohs, gnoht, gnohm(o)s, gnohte, gnohnt;Past : gnohsim, gnohst(a), gnohsit, gnohsam, gnohsat, gnohr); woid (irregular, seethe grammar)

Knowledge : gnohsa [nyo:sa]Leg : jamb

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To listen to : kleu [klö] (Infinitive: klues [klü:s]; Past : klu)Look (of eyes): spectMind : mentMouth : stohm [sto:m]Neck : coll

Nose : nasTo reach : nak (Past : niek)To say : sayg (Infinitive: sayge [sAydj]; Present: saygo, saycs, sayct, saygmos, yusaycte, sayge(nt); Past: sieyg)To see : vid (Past: vis; PP: vis/viden)To shake : scutt (Past: scuss; PP: scuss/scutten)Smell : odor [odOr]To speak : bah (Past: bahsim, bahst(a), bahsit, bahsam, bahsat, bahr)To stand : stahStomach : stomak [stomAk]To take (physically): ghend (Past: ghens, PP: ghens/ghenden)

Taste : gustThroat : gurgule [gUrgül]Tongue : dingvTooth : dentTo touch: touche [tu:tcë]To watch : spehc (Infinitive: spehce [spe:ts]; Past : spohc; PP: spohct/spohcen[spo:tsën])

My arm is hurting : mien brakh gvolt My arms are hurting : mien brakhs gvole(nt)

21)Verslyn [vërslÜn], ambhkaup : business, shopping

Bargain : manafiBill : facture [faktÜr], quitance [kitAnt së]To borrow : laun (Past: lieun)To buy : kaup (Past: kieup)To close : clud (Infinitive: clude [klüd]; Past : clus)Company : compagnie [kompanyI:]Cost : cost

Expensive : dorgvTo gain : gaissen [gÄsën] (Infinitive: gaines [gänes]; Present: gaino, gains, gaint,gainmos, gainte, gaine(nt); Past: gaiss)To interest : interesseTo lose : leusMarket : mercat [mërkAt]Money : denars [dënArs] (plural)To offer : behd (Past : bohd)To open : ghyan (Past: ghyien [gyen])To pay : paygh (Past : pieygh [pyeyg])Post office : postamt

Price : prisTo sell : pehrn (Past: pohrn)

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Shop : magasin [magazIn]To sign : signe [sinyë]Signature : signature [sinyatÜr]Valuable : kamatih [kamatI:]

22)Gouvernement [guvErnëmënt] : government

Control : controlTo elect : eleg [elEg] (Infinitive: elege [elEdj]; PP: elect/elegen)Freedom : lure [lür]To govern : gouverne [guvErn]Law : loyMilitary (adjective) : militar Politics : politique [politIk]Power : magh

Rule : reulState : statViolence : violence [vyolEnt së]

23)Animals

Bird : avCat : catChicken : kierkDog : kwaunHorse: ekw (plural : ekwi)Hunt : saydInsect : insectFish : pisk

For the rest, we recommend people to build their own lists of vocabulary pertaining totheir favorite topics with the help of the resources available onhttp://sambahsa.pbworks.com/ Ideas of lists of basic vocabulary can be obtained at: http://ogden.basic-

english.org/intlword.html

C. Dr.Olivier Simon