IBTISAM OSTHAM

Ostham 1

IBTISAM OSTHAM

EE457 PROJECT REPORT

SPRING 2015

Ostham 2

Part A:

Map of the system:

Figure 1: Map of Eagle Power System

Ostham 3

One-line Diagram of the System:

Figure 2: One Line Diagram

Ostham 4

Table of Positive-sequence Impedances and Zero-sequence Line Impedances:

Table 1: Sequences impedances of positive and zero sequences from chapter 10

Ostham 5

List of Transformers Impedances:

Transformer (from bus 9 – to bus 17) at Siskin : 0.1333

Transformer (from bus 15 – to bus 16) at Crow : 0.1333

5(a)

Three Phase Fault

THREE PHASE FAULT AT BUS 1 ['OWL' 161.00]:

SEQUENCE RE(V0) IM(V0) RE(V+) IM(V+) RE(V-) IM(V-) RE(3V0)

IM(3V0)

PHASE RE(VA) IM(VA) RE(VB) IM(VB) RE(VC) IM(VC)

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 1 ['OWL' 161.00]:

1 -0.0000 -0.0000 2.0791 -52.6139 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000

-0.0000

'OWL' 161.00 2.0791 -52.6139 -46.6045 24.5063 44.5254 28.1075

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 2 ['SHIFT' 161.00]:

2 0.0000 -0.0000 15.6505 -53.7232 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000

'SHIFT' 161.00 15.6505 -53.7232 -54.3509 13.3079 38.7004 40.4153

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 3 ['PARROT' 161.00]:

3 0.0000 0.0000 17.0455 -48.0355 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'PARROT' 161.00 17.0455 -48.0355 -50.1227 9.2559 33.0772 38.7796

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 4 ['LARK' 161.00]:

4 0.0000 0.0000 6.6400 -20.9193 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'LARK' 161.00 6.6400 -20.9193 -21.4367 4.7092 14.7966 16.2101

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 5 ['JAY' 161.00]:

5 0.0000 0.0000 10.6892 -29.8379 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'JAY' 161.00 10.6892 -29.8379 -31.1850 5.6619 20.4958 24.1761

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 6 ['RAVEN' 161.00]:

6 0.0000 -0.0000 7.8916 -20.5536 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000

'RAVEN' 161.00 7.8916 -20.5536 -21.7458 3.4425 13.8541 17.1112

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 7 ['WREN' 161.00]:

7 0.0000 -0.0000 8.3217 -22.3914 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000

'WREN' 161.00 8.3217 -22.3914 -23.5524 3.9889 15.2307 18.4025

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 8 ['ROBIN' 161.00]:

Ostham 6

8 0.0000 -0.0000 8.5287 -23.0310 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000

'ROBIN' 161.00 8.5287 -23.0310 -24.2098 4.1294 15.6810 18.9016

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 9 ['SISKIN1' 161.00]:

9 -0.0000 0.0000 4.0840 -18.9410 0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000

0.0000

'SISKIN1' 161.00 4.0840 -18.9410 -18.4454 5.9337 14.3614 13.0074

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 10 ['JUNCO' 69.000]:

10 -0.0000 0.0000 0.9070 -3.3321 -0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000

0.0000

'JUNCO' 69.000 0.9070 -3.3321 -3.3392 0.8805 2.4322 2.4516

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 11 ['QUAIL' 161.00]:

11 0.0000 0.0000 7.8681 -26.4569 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'QUAIL' 161.00 7.8681 -26.4569 -26.8463 6.4145 18.9783 20.0424

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 12 ['HERON' 161.00]:

12 0.0000 -0.0000 10.1762 -26.9728 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000

'HERON' 161.00 10.1762 -26.9728 -28.4472 4.6735 18.2710 22.2993

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 13 ['EGRET' 69.000]:

13 0.0000 0.0000 1.0083 -3.0993 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'EGRET' 69.000 1.0083 -3.0993 -3.1882 0.6765 2.1799 2.4228

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 14 ['GULL' 161.00]:

14 0.0000 0.0000 5.1939 -19.9137 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'GULL' 161.00 5.1939 -19.9137 -19.8427 5.4588 14.6488 14.4549

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 15 ['CROW1' 161.00]:

15 0.0000 0.0000 7.0230 -18.7853 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'CROW1' 161.00 7.0230 -18.7853 -19.7801 3.3106 12.7570 15.4748


16 0.0000 -0.0000 1.3227 -5.9727 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000

'CROW2' 69.000 1.3227 -5.9727 -5.8339 1.8408 4.5112 4.1319


17 0.0000 0.0000 0.6758 -6.0348 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000

0.0000

'SISKIN2' 69.000 0.6758 -6.0348 -5.5642 2.4322 4.8884 3.6027

Ostham 7

Single Line-To-Ground Faults LINE TO GROUND FAULT AT BUS 1 ['OWL' 161.00]:

SEQUENCE RE(V0) IM(V0) RE(V+) IM(V+) RE(V-) IM(V-) RE(3V0)

IM(3V0)

PHASE RE(VA) IM(VA) RE(VB) IM(VB) RE(VC) IM(VC)

1 (P.U.) -0.0532 0.0009 0.9010 -0.0131 -0.1049 0.0070 -0.1596

0.0027

'OWL' 161.00 0.7429 -0.0052 -0.4686 -0.8673 -0.4339 0.8751

SEQUENCE RE(I0) IM(I0) RE(I+) IM(I+) RE(I-) IM(I-) RE(3I0)

IM(3I0)

PHASE RE(IA) IM(IA) RE(IB) IM(IB) RE(IC) IM(IC)

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 1 ['OWL' 161.00]:

1 -0.0384 -5.5030 -0.0384 -5.5030 -0.0384 -5.5030 -0.1153

-16.5091

'OWL' 161.00 -0.1153 -16.5091 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 2 ['SHIFT' 161.00]:

2 1.2581 -5.3998 1.2581 -5.3998 1.2581 -5.3998 3.7743

-16.1993

'SHIFT' 161.00 3.7743 -16.1993 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 3 ['PARROT' 161.00]:

3 1.5160 -5.2095 1.5160 -5.2095 1.5160 -5.2095 4.5481

-15.6284

'PARROT' 161.00 4.5481 -15.6284 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 4 ['LARK' 161.00]:

4 0.5440 -2.8251 0.5440 -2.8251 0.5440 -2.8251 1.6321

-8.4754

'LARK' 161.00 1.6321 -8.4754 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 5 ['JAY' 161.00]:

5 0.7182 -3.5452 0.7182 -3.5452 0.7182 -3.5452 2.1547

-10.6356

'JAY' 161.00 2.1547 -10.6356 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 6 ['RAVEN' 161.00]:

6 0.7347 -2.8407 0.7347 -2.8407 0.7347 -2.8407 2.2041

-8.5222

'RAVEN' 161.00 2.2041 -8.5222 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 7 ['WREN' 161.00]:

7 0.6886 -2.9750 0.6886 -2.9750 0.6886 -2.9750 2.0658

-8.9251

'WREN' 161.00 2.0658 -8.9251 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 8 ['ROBIN' 161.00]:

8 0.7660 -3.0381 0.7660 -3.0381 0.7660 -3.0381 2.2979

-9.1142

'ROBIN' 161.00 2.2979 -9.1142 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Ostham 8


9 0.3563 -2.6499 0.3563 -2.6499 0.3563 -2.6499 1.0690

-7.9496

'SISKIN1' 161.00 1.0690 -7.9496 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 -0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 10 ['JUNCO' 69.000]:

10 0.0844 -0.3538 0.0844 -0.3538 0.0844 -0.3538 0.2533

-1.0613

'JUNCO' 69.000 0.2533 -1.0613 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 11 ['QUAIL' 161.00]:

11 0.6499 -3.3190 0.6499 -3.3190 0.6499 -3.3190 1.9497

-9.9570

'QUAIL' 161.00 1.9497 -9.9570 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 12 ['HERON' 161.00]:

12 0.9251 -3.3769 0.9251 -3.3769 0.9251 -3.3769 2.7754

-10.1307

'HERON' 161.00 2.7754 -10.1307 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 13 ['EGRET' 69.000]:

13 0.1180 -0.4720 0.1180 -0.4720 0.1180 -0.4720 0.3541

-1.4161

'EGRET' 69.000 0.3541 -1.4161 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

FAULT CURRENT AT BUS 14 ['GULL' 161.00]:

14 0.5532 -2.8089 0.5532 -2.8089 0.5532 -2.8089 1.6597

-8.4268

'GULL' 161.00 1.6597 -8.4268 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000


15 0.7381 -2.6616 0.7381 -2.6616 0.7381 -2.6616 2.2142

-7.9848

'CROW1' 161.00 2.2142 -7.9848 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000


16 0.2716 -1.6195 0.2716 -1.6195 0.2716 -1.6195 0.8148

-4.8586

'CROW2' 69.000 0.8148 -4.8586 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000


17 0.2695 -1.6176 0.2695 -1.6176 0.2695 -1.6176 0.8134

-0.9152

'SISKIN2' 69.000 0.8134 -4.7565 0.0000 -0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Ostham 9

Table 2: 3 phase fault current and the single line-to-ground fault current

5 (b)

By comparing both table above, we can see that the bus with the highest fault current is Bus 2 of the 3-

phase fault. The bus with the lowest fault current is Bus 13 of the single line-to-ground fault.

If we do the fault analysis for DLG and LL, we can compare those faults current. DLG faults has the

highest faults current while LL has the lowest fault current. The rank of the fault types from highest to

lowest fault current: DLG, 3-Phase, SLG, LL

Bus DLG 3-Phase SLG LL

1 59.42939 52.65496 16.5095 13.36825

Table 3: Fault current of DLG, 3-phase, SLG and LL

The sequence voltages for the SLG fault at the fault bus (polar form) in per unit:

Bus (form) Positive Sequence Negative Sequence Zero Sequence

1 (rectangular) 0.909 – j0.0135 -0.097 + j0.0065 -0.0492 – j0.0009

1 (polar) 0.9091 ∠ - 89.15 0.0972 ∠-86.17 0.04921 ∠-79.63 Table 3: Sequences voltages for the SLG fault

Bus 3 Phase Fault Current

Real Imag Magnitude

1 2.0791 -52.6139 52.65496

2 15.6505 -53.7232 55.95641

3 17.0455 -48.0355 50.97017

4 6.64 -20.9193 21.94782

5 10.6892 -29.8379 31.69478

6 7.8916 -20.5536 22.01654

7 8.3217 -22.3914 23.88777

8 8.5287 -23.031 24.55943

9 4.084 -18.941 19.37629

10 0.907 -3.3321 3.453337

11 7.8681 -26.4569 27.60208

12 10.1762 -26.9728 28.82858

13 1.0083 -3.0993 3.259192

14 5.1939 -19.9137 20.57989

15 7.023 -18.7853 20.05517

16 1.3227 -5.9727 6.117408

17 0.6758 -6.0348 6.072521

Bus SLG Fault Current

Real Imag Magnitude

1 -0.1153 -16.5091 16.5095

2 3.7743 -16.1993 16.63318

3 4.5481 -15.6284 16.27673

4 1.6321 -8.4754 8.631116

5 2.1547 -10.6356 10.85167

6 2.2041 -8.5222 8.80261

7 2.0658 -8.9251 9.161056

8 2.2979 -9.1142 9.399414

9 1.069 -7.9496 8.021153

10 0.2533 -1.0613 1.091109

11 1.9497 -9.957 10.14609

12 2.7754 -10.1307 10.504

13 0.3541 -1.4161 1.459701

14 1.6597 -8.4268 8.588688

15 2.2142 -7.9848 8.286116

16 0.8148 -4.8586 4.926448

17 0.8134 -4.7565 4.825548

Ostham 10

The Thevenin Equivalent positive and zero sequence impedances (rectangular form) in per unit:

Bus Positive Sequence Zero Sequence

1 0.001128+j0.019079 0.00010+j0.00967 Table 5: Thevenin Equivalent of positive and zero sequences impedances

Phase a line current (polar form) for SLG fault: Bus 1 is connected to bus 9, 11, and 14

Bus 9 Bus 11 Bus 14 Total

Phase a current 0.73 ∠-59.73 1.31 ∠-63.15 1.59 ∠-66.58 3.63 ∠-26.06 Table 6: The phase a line current

From table above, we can conclude that the total line current is not equal to Bus 1’s phase a current.

The effect of a three phase fault on out-ages lines connected to the bus is:

Outage line 9 11 14

Fault current 48.9336 48.2920 47.9810

Table 7: Outages line fault current

5(C)

Apparent Impedance seen by a relay after selecting a rural 161kV line:

Phase a with 3-phase fault = 0.0119 + j0.0675

Phase a with SLG fault = 0.1502 + j0.1972

Phase b & c with LL = 0.1065 + j0.1312

Phase b & c with DLG = 0.0409 + j0.056

OUTPUT FOR ZONE 1 [RURAL ]

9 (P.U.) -0.0000 0.0000 0.2850 0.0565 -0.0000 0.0000

-0.0000 0.0000

'SISKIN1' 161.00 0.2850 0.0565 -0.0936 -0.2750 -0.1914 0.2185

SEQUENCE RE(Z0) IM(Z0) RE(Z+) IM(Z+) RE(Z-) IM(Z-)

PHASE RE(ZA) IM(ZA) RE(ZB) IM(ZB) RE(ZC) IM(ZC)

TO 1 CKT 1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0119 0.0675 0.0000 0.0000

'OWL' 161.00 0.0119 0.0675 0.0119 0.0675 0.0119 0.0675

Ostham 11

Part B:

1) Apparent Impedance seen by a relay after selecting a rural 161kV line: (same as part a)

Phase a with 3-phase fault = 0.0119 + j0.0675

Phase a with SLG fault = 0.1502 + j0.1972

Phase b & c with LL = 0.1065 + j0.1312

Phase b & c with DLG = 0.0409 + j0.056

2) Compare the apparent impedance with the zone 1, zone 2 and zone 3 of an impedance relay based on

the positive sequence line impedance:

Apparent impedance:

Zone 1 = 0.8*0.0684 = 0.05472

Zone 2 = 1.2*0.0684 = 0.08208

Zone 3 = 1.2*0.0684 + 1.5*0.0536 = 0.1625

Load impedance:

= (0.9704*161*1000/271)/259.21 = 2.224

Figure 3: Figure showing impedance relay zones and the apparent and load impedances

Ostham 12

Part C:

Fault at transformer 3

The system when fault is at bus 103, stabilze it by cutting the connection of bus 15 to bus 3.

Series 3 is angle 3 – angle 1

Series 4 is angle 2- angle 1

Ostham 13


The system when fault is at bus 102, stabilize it by cutting the connection of bus 14 to bus 2.




The system when fault is at bus 101, stabilize it by cutting the connection of bus 9 to bus 1.

Ostham 14



IBTISAM OSTHAM

Documents

Transcript of IBTISAM OSTHAM