8/3/2019 Iap Thorax and Abdomen

1/38

IAP MS SERIES:

Christian Orense, PTRP

Tuesday, December 6, 11

8/3/2019 Iap Thorax and Abdomen

2/38

THORAX / CHEST

REGION OF THE

BODY BETWEEN

THE NECK &ABDOMEN

FLATTENED IN

FRONT ANDBEHIND BUT

ROUNDED AT THE

SIDESTuesday, December 6, 11

8/3/2019 Iap Thorax and Abdomen

3/38

BODY CAVITIES

Tuesday, December 6, 11

8/3/2019 Iap Thorax and Abdomen

4/38Tuesday, December 6, 11

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Thoracic Cavity

It can be divided into a median

partition , and the

laterally placed

Covering of the LUNGSVisceral pleura

Parietal pleura

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Thoracic Cavity

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Pleural Lining

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THORACIC CAGE (RIB

CAGE)FRAME WORK OF THE THORACIC

WALLFUNCTIONS:

PROTECTION

ATTACHMENT

BREATHING

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STRUCTURE OF THE THORACIC

WALL

FORMED BY:

Thoracic vertebra: Posterior

Sternum & costal cartilages:Anterior

Ribs & intercostal spaces: Lateral Suprapleural membrane: Superior

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Sternum

Lies in the MIDLINE of the

anterior chest wall

Flat bone divided into:

Manubrium Sterni

Body of the sternum

Xiphoid process

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Sternal Angle/ angle of Louis

Formed by the articulation of

the with the

It lies opposite the IVDbetween T4 & T5

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Jugular Notch

Slight depression at the superior end

of the sternumLocation: between the ends of the

clavicles where they articulate with

the manubrium of the sternum

At the of the neck.

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Costal Cartilages

Bars of hyaline cartilagesconnecting the UPPER SEVENRIBS to the LATERAL EDGE of

the STERNUM and the 8,9,10thRIBS to the cartilageimmediately above

11 and 12th ribs cartilages end inthe abdominal musculature

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Ribs

12 pairs attached posteriorly to thethoracic vertebrae

UPPER SEVEN PAIRS attached anteriorlyto the STERNUM by their COSTALCARTILAGES (TRUE RIBS)

8,9,10th

PAIRS attached anteriorlytoeach other and to the 7th ribby means ofcostal cartilages and small synovial jts

11th & 12th : FLOATING RIBS

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RibsParts:Head

Neck

Tubercle

Shaft

Angle

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JOINTS

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JOINTS OF THE

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JOINTS OF THE

STERNUM

MANUBRIOSTERNAL

JOINT

BETWEEN MANUBRIUMAND BODY OF

STERNUM

XIPHISTERNAL JOINT

BETWEEN XIPHOID

PROCESS AND BODY OF

STERNUM

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JOINTS OF THE RIBS

COSTOVERTEBRAL

JOINT

BETWEEN HEAD OF

THE RIB AND FACET

FOR HEAD OF THE RIBON THE VERTEBRAL

BODY

COSTOTRANSVERSE

JOINT

BETWEEN THE TUBERCL E

OF THE RIB AND FACET

FOR THE TUBERCLE OF

THE RIB ON THE

TRANSVERSE PROCESS

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COSTOCHONDRAL

JOINTSARTICULATION BETWEEN THE COSTAL

CARTILAGES AND PARTS OF THE STERNUM

1ST- MANUBRIUM

2ND-MANUBRIUM AND BODY

3RD

-7TH

-LATERAL BORDER OF STERNUM 6-10TH- WITH EACH OTHER

11-12TH- ANDOMINAL MUSCULATURE

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Intercostal Spaces

Spaces between the ribs

Each spaces contains three mm

of respiration:

External intercostal

Internal intercostal

Innermost intercostal mm

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Muscles of the Thorax

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Muscles of the Thorax

Serratus anterior

DiaphragmInternal intercostals

External intercostals

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Diaphragm

Primary mm of respirationDome shaped

3 Origin parts of theDIAPHRAGM

Sternal part

Costal part

Vertebral art

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EXTERNAL AND

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EXTERNAL AND

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SERRATUS ANTERIOR

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Surface AnatomyANTERIOR CHEST WALL

Suprasternal notch

Sternal angle

Xiphisternal jt

Ribs

Diphragm Nipple

Apex beat of the heart

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POSTERIOR CHEST WALL

Spinous process

C7

Scapula

Superior angle- T2Spine- T3

Inferior angle- T7

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ABDOMEN

Region of the trunk that liesbetween the

above and the

below

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Structure of the Abdominal Walls

Border

Superior: Diaphragm

Inferior : Pelvic inlet

Anterior:

Above by the lower part of the thoracic cage

Below by the abdominal mm

Posterior:

L5 vertebra, IVD,

Lateral :

12th rib, upper part of the bony pelvis

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Functions of the Abdominal

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Functions of the Abdominal

Wall

Protection

Breathing

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Mm of the Abdominal

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Mm of the Abdominal

WallExternal Oblique

Internal Oblique

Transversus Abdominis

Rectus Abdominis

Quadratus Lumborum

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RECTUS ABDOMINIS

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EXTERNAL & INTERNAL

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EXTERNAL & INTERNAL

OBLIQUE

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TRANSVERSUS

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TRANSVERSUS

ABDOMINIS

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QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

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END OF LECTURE

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