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Constitution of the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization
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The Charter of National Commissions for Unesco
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Constitution of the United NationsEducational, Scientificand Cultural Or ganization
Adopted in London on l6 November 1945 and amended by the ceneral Confer-ence at its second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, twelfth,fifteenth, seventeenth, nineteenth, twentieth and twenty_first sessions.
The Governments of the States Parties to this Constitutionon behalf of their peoples declare:
That since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds ofmen that the defences of peace must be constructed;
That ignorance of each other's ways and lives has been a commoncause, throughout the history of mankind, of that suspicionand mistrust between the peoples of the world throughwhich their differences have all too often broken into war;
That the great and terrible war which has now ended was a warmade possible by the denial of the democratic principlesof the dignity, equalitl' and mutual respect of men, andby the propagation, in their place, through ignorance ancprejudice, of the doctrine of the inequality of men andraces;
dcl
That the wide diffusion of culture, and the education of humanityfor justice and liberty and peace are indispensable to the
dignity of man and constitute a sacred duty which alL
the nations must fulfil in a spirit of mutual assistance and
concern;
That a peace based exclusively upon the political and economic
arrangements of governments would not be a peace which
could secure the unanimous, lasting and sincere supportof the peoples of the world, and that the peace must
therefore be founded, if it is not to fail, upon the intellectualand moral solidarity of mankind.
For these reasons, the States Parties to this Constitution, believing
in full and equal opportunities for education for all, inthe unrestricted pursuit of objective truth, and in the free
exchange of ideas and knowledge, are agreed and deter-
mined to develop and to increase the means of communica-tion between their peoples and to employ these means
for the purposes of mutual understanding and a truer and
more perfect knowledge of each other's lives;
ln consequence whereof they do hereby create the United Nations
Educational. Scientific and Cultural Organization for the
purpose of advancing, through the educational and scientific
and cultural relations of the peoples of the world, the
objectives of international peace and of the commonwelfare of mankind for which the United Nations
Organization was established and which its Charterproclaims.
Article I Purposes and functionsl. The purpose of the Organization is to contribute
to peace and security by promoting collaborationamong the nations through education, science and
culture in order to further universal respect forjustice, for the rule of law and for the human rights
and fundamental freedoms which are affirnlcdfor the peoples of the world' without distinction
of race, sex, language or religion, by the charter
of the United Nations'
db
2. To realize this purpose the Organization will:(a) Collaborate in the work of advancing the
mutual knowledge and understanding ofpeoples, through all means of mass communi-cation and to that end recommend suchinternational agreements as may be necessaryto promote the free flow of ideas by wordand image;
(b) Give fresh impulse to popular education andto the spread of culture;By collaborating with Members, at their request,in the development of educational activities;By instituting collaboration among the nationsto advance the ideal of equality of educationalopportunity without regard to race, sex orany distinctions, economic or social;By suggesting educational methods best suitedto prepare the children of the world for theresponsibilities of freedom;
(c) Maintain, increase and diffuse knowledge;By assuring the conservation and protection ofthe world's inheritance of books. works of artand monuments of history and science, andrecommending to the nations concerned thenecessary international conventions;By encouraging co-operation among the nationsin all branches of intellectual activity, includingthe international exchange of persons activein the fields of education, science and cultureand the exchange of publications, objects ofartistic and scientific interest and other materialsof information;By initiating methods of international co-opera-tion calculated to give the people of all countriesaccess to the printed and published materialsproduced by any of them.
With a view to preserving the independence, integrityand fruitful diversity of the cultures and educationalsystems of the States Members of the Organization,the Organization is prohibited from intervening
J.
dctl
Article Il
in matters which are essentially within their domesticjurisdiction.
Membershipl. Membership of the United Nations Organization
shall carry with it the right to membership of the
United Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganization.Subject to the conditions of the Agreement between
this Organization and the United Nations Organi-zation, approved pursuant to Article X of thisConstitution, States not Members of the UnitedNations Organization may be admitted to member-
ship of the Organization, upon recommendation ofthe Executive Board, by a two-thirds majorityvote of the General Conference.Territories or groups of territories which are not
responsible for the conduct of their internationalrelations may be admitted as Associate Members by
the General Conference by a two-thirds majorityof Members present and voting, upon applicationmade on behalf of such territory or group ofterritories by the Member or other authority having
responsibility for their international relations. The
nature and extent of the rights and obligations ofAssociate Members shall be determined by the
General Conference.'Members of the Organization which are suspended
from the exercise of the rights and privileges ofmembership of the United Nations Organizationshall, upon the request of the latter, be suspended
from the rights and privileges of this Organization'Members of the Organization which are expelled
from the United Nations Organization shall
automatically cease to be Members of this Orga-nization.
l Paragraph adopted by the General Conference at its sixth session (1951) (6ClResolutions. p. 83). See below,1p. 21, resolution 41.2, concerning the rights and
obligations of Associate Members, adopted by the General Conference al the
same session.
2.
aJ.
4.
5.
dd
Article III
Article IV
6. Any Member State or Associate Member of the
Organization may withdraw from the Organizationby notice addressed to the Director-General. Such
notice shall take effect on 3l December of the year
following that during which the notice was given.
No such withdrawal shall affect the financialobligations owed to the Organization on the date
the withdrawal takes effect. Notice of withdrawalby and Associate Member shall be given on itsbehalf by the Member State or other authorityhaving responsibility for its international relations.'
OrgansThe Organization shall include a General Conference,an Executive Board and a Secretariat.
The General ConferenceA Compositionl. The General Conference shall consist of the repre-
sentatives of the States Members of the Organization.The Government of each Member State shall appointnot more than five delegates, who shall be selectedafter consultation with the National Commission,if established. or with educational, scientific andcultural bodies.
B. Functions2. The General Conference shall determine the policies
and the main lines of work of the Organization.It shall take decisions on programmes submitted toit by the Executive Board.'
3. The Ceneral Conference shall, when it deems
desirable and in accordance with the regulationsto be made by it, summon international conferencesof States on education. the sciences and humanitiesor the dissemination of knowledge; non-govern-
its eighth session (1954)
its seventh session (1952)
Paragraph adopted by the(8ClResolutions, p. l2).Paragraph amended ,by the(7ClResolutions, p. 103).
COneral Conference al
General Conference at
de(
Paragraph amended by the Ceneral Conference(7ClResolutions, pp. 103-4).
Paragraph amended by the Ceneral Conference(7ClResolutions, p. 104)
Paragraph amended by the Ceneral Conference al
(l7ClResolutions, p. I I4).
mental conferences on the same subjects may be
summoned by the General Conference or by the
Executive Board in accordance with such regulations.r
4. The General Confernece shall, in adopting proposals
for submission to the Member States, distinguish
between recommendations and internationalconventions submitted for their approval. In the
former case a majority vote shall suffice; in the
latter case a two-thirds majority shall be required'
Each of the Member States shall submit recommen-
dations or conventions to its competent authoritieswithin a period of one year from the close of the
session of the General Conference at which they
were adopted.5 . Subject to the provisions of Article V, paragraph 5
(c), the General Conference shall advise the UnitedNations Organization on the educational, scientificand cultural aspects of matters of concern to the
latter: in accordance with the terms and procedure
agreed upon between the. appropriate authoritiesof the two Organization.'
6. The General Conference shall receive and consider
the reports sent to the Organization by MemberStates on the action taken upon the recommendations
and conventions referred to in paragraph 4 above
or, if it so decides, analytical summaries of these
reports.37 . The General Conference shall elect the members of
the Executive Board and, on the recommendationof the Board, shall appoint the Director-Ceneral.
C. Voting8. (a) Each Member State shall have one vote in the
General Conference. Decisions shall be made
at its seventh session (1952)
at its seventh session (1952)
its.seventeenth session ( 1972)
by a simple majority except in cases in which a
two-thirds majority is required by the provisionsof this Constitution,'or the Rules of Procedureof the General Conference.' A majority shallbe a majority of the Members present andvoting.3
(b) A Member State shall have no vote in theGeneral Conference if the total amount ofcontributions due from it exceeds the totalamount of contributions payable by it for thecurrent year and the immediately preceeding
calendar year.a(c) The General Conference may nevertheless
permit such a Member State to vote, if it is
satisfied that failure to pay is due to conditionsbeyond the control of the Member Nation.5
D. Procedure9. (a) The General Conference shall meet in ordinary
session every two years. It may meet in extra-ordinary session if it decides to do so itself orif summoned by the Executive Board, or on thedemand of at least one-third of the MemberStates.6
L These provisions are the following: Article ll.2 (admission of new Member stateswhich are not Members of the United Nations. on the recommendation of the
Executive Board); II.3 (admission of Associate Members); IV.4 (adoption ofinternational conventions submitted for approval of Member States); IV.l3(admission of observers of non-governmental or semi-governmental organization:XIll.l (amendments to the Constitution); XIIl.2 (adoption of regulations governingthe procedure for amendments of the Constitution).
2. See Rule 81, paragraph 2, of the Rules of Procedure of the Ceneral Conference,3. Sub-paragraph amended by the Ceneral Conference at its tenth session (1958)
(lOClResolutions, p. 6l).4. Sub-paragraph adopted by the General Conference at its fourth session (1949)
and amended at its sixth (1951) and seventh (1952) (4C,zResolutions, p.9,6C/Resolutions. p. 85 and 7ClResolutions, p. 104).
5. Sub-paragraphs adopted by the General Conference at its fourth session (t949)(4ClResolutions, p. 9).
g. Sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) amended by the General Conference ar irs rhird (1948)and seventh (1952) sessions (3C/110, p. I l3 and 7ClResolutions, p. 104).
do
t.
(2C/ t32, p. 63't.
3. Paragraph adopted by the General Conference at its lhird session (1948)
(3Cl110, P. ll3).
Sub.paragraphs(a)and(b)amendedbytheceneralConferenceatitsthird(1948)and seventh (1952) sessions (3Cll 10, p' I l3 and 7ClResolutions' p' 104)'
ParagraphamendedbytheGeneralConferenceatitssecondsession(1947)
(b) At each session the location of its next ordinary
session shall be designated by the General
Conference. The location of an extraordinarysession shall be decided by the General Con-
ference if the session is summoned by it, or
otherwise by the Executive Board.'10. The Ceneral Conference shall adopt its own rules
of procedure. It shall at each session elect a President
and other officers.''I l. The Ceneral Conference shall se1 up special and
technical committees and such other subordinate
bodies as may be necessary for its purposes.
12. The General Conference shall cause arrangements
to be made for public access to meetings, subject
to such regulations as it shall prescribe.
E. Observers13. The Ceneral Conference, on the recommendation
of the Executive Board and by a two-thirds majoritymay, subject to its rules of procedure' invite as
observers at specified sessions of the Conference
or of its Commissions representatives of international
organizations, such as those referred lo in ArticleXl, paragraph 4.
14. When consultative arrangements have been approved
by the Executive Board for such international non-
governmenlal <lr semi-governmenlal organizatitlns itt
the manner provided in Article Xl, paragraph 4,
those organizations shall be invited to send observers
to sessions of the General Conference and itsCommissions.-l
2.
db
Article V
F. Transitional provision15. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 9 (a)
of this Article, the General Conference shall holdits twenty-second session in the third year followingits twenty-first session. I
Executive BoardA. Composition1. The Executive Board shall be elected by the General
Conference from among the delegates appointedby the Member States and shall consist of fifty-onemembers each of whom shall represent the Covern-ment of the State of which he is a national. ThePresident of the General Conference shall sit ex officioin an advisory capacity on the Executive Board.'
2. In electing the members of the Executive Board theGeneral Conference shall endeavour to includepersons coptent in the arts, the humanities, thesciences, education and the diffusion of ideas, andqualified by their experience and capacity to fulfilthe administrative and executive duties of theBoard. It shall also have regard to the diversity ofcultures and a balanced geographical distribution.Not more than one national of any Member Stateshall serve on the Board at any one time, thePresident of the Conference excepted.
3. Members of the Board shall serve from the close ofthe session of the General Conference which electedthem until the close of the second ordinary sessionof the General Conference following that election.They shall not be immediately eligible for a secondterm. The General Conference shall. at each of
l. Paragraph adopted by the Ceneral Conference at its twentieth session (1978)
(20ClResolutions, p. 160).
2. Paragraph amended by the General Conference at its seventh (1952), eighth (1954),
ninth (1956), twelfth (1962), fifteenth (1968), seventeenth (1972), nineteenth(l!)76) and twenty-first (1980) sessions (7ClResolutions, p. 104, 8C/Resolutions,p. 12,9ClResolutions, p. 70, l2ClResolutions, p. 95, lSClResolutions, p. 103,
l7ClResolutions, p. I13, l9C,/Resolutions, p. 93, 2lC,/Resolutions, p' 122)-
dm
l.
its ordinary sessions, elect the number of membersrequired to. fill vacancies occurring at the end ofthe session.l
4. (a) In the event of the death or resignation of amember of the Executive Board, his replacementfor the remainder of his term shall be appointedby the Executive Board on the nomination ofthe Covernment of the State the former memberrepresented.
(b) The Government making the nomination andthe Executive Board shall have regard to thefactors set forth in paragraph 2 of this Article.
(c) When exceptional circumstances arise, which,in the considered opinion of the representedState, make it indispensable for its representa_tive to be replaced, even if he does not tenderhis resignation, measures shall be taken inaccordance with the provisions of sub-paragraph(a) above.2
B. Functions
5. (a) The Executive Board shall prepare the agendafor the General Conference. It shall examinethe programme of work for the Organizationand corresponding budget estimates submittedto it by the Director-General in accordancewith paragraph 3 of Article VI and shall submitthem with such recommendations as it considersdesirable to the General Conference.3
(b) The Executive Board, acting under the authorityof the General Conference, shall be responsiblefor the execution of the programme adopted bythe Conference. In accordance with the decisions
Paragraph amended by the ceneral conference at its fifth (1950), seventh (1952),fifteenth (1968) and seventeenrh (1972) sessions (5ClResolutions, pp. 9_10,7ClResolutions, p. 104, lSClResolutions, p. 103 and l7ClResolutions, p. I l3).paragraph amended by the General conference at its eighth (t954) and nineteenth(1976) sessions (8ClResolutions, p. 12 and l9ClResolutions, p. 93).sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) amended liy the General conference at itsseventh session (1952) (7ClResolutions, p. 104).
J.
of the General Conference and having regardto circumstances arising between two ordinarysessions, the Executive Board shall take allnecessary measures to ensure the effective andrational execution of the programme by theDirector-Ceneral. I
(c) Between ordinary sessions of the CeneralConference, the Board may discharge the func-tions of adviser to the United Nations, set forthin Article IV, paragraph 5, whenever theproblem upon which advice is sought hasalready been dealt with in principle by theConference, or when the solution is implicitin decisions of the Conference.l
The Executive Board shall recommend to theGeneral Conference the admission of new Membersto the Organization.Subject to decisions of the General Conference.the Executive Board shall adopt its own rules ofprocedure. It shall elect its officers from amongits members.The Executive Board shall meet in regular sessionat least twice a year and may meet in special sessionif convoked by the Chairman on his own initiativeor upon the request of six members of the Board.The Chairman of the Executive Board shall present,on behalf of the Board, to each ordinary sessionof the Ceneral Conference, with or withoutcomments, the reports on the activities of theOrganization which the Director-General is requiredto prepare in accordance with the provisions ofArticle VI.3 (b).2
The Executive Board shall make all necessaryarrangements to consult the representatives of
l. Sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) amended by the General Conference at itsseventh session (1952) (7ClResolutions, p. 104).
2. Paragraph amended by the General Conference at its seventh (1952) and eighth(1954) sessions (7ClResolutions, pp. 104-5 and 8ClResolutions, p. l3).
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
international organizations or qualified persons
concerned with questions within its competence.
ll. Between sessions of the General Conference, the
Executive Board may request advisory opinionsfrom the International Court of Justice on legalquestions arising within the field of the Organiza-tion's activities.'
12. Although the members of the Executive Board are
representative of their respective Government thery
shall exercise the powers delegated to them by the
General Conference on behalf of the Conferenceas a whole.'
C. Transitionol provisions13. Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 3 of
this Article,(a) Members of the Executive Board elected prior
to the seventeenth session of the General Con-ference shall serve until the end of the term forwhich they were elected.
(b) Members of the Executive Board appointed,prior to the seventeenth session of the GeneralConference, by the Board in accordance withthe provisions of paragraph 4 of this Article toreplace members with a four-year term sh.all be
eligible for a second term of four years.'
Article VI Secretariatl. The Secretariat shall consist of a Director-General
and such staff as maY be required'2. The Director-General shall be nominated by the
Executive Board and appointed by the General
Conference for a period of six years, under such
l. Paragraph adopted by the General Conference at
(7ClResolutions, p. 105).
Paragraph amended by the Ceneral Conference at
(8ClResolutions, p. l2).Paragraph adopted by the General Conference at its( l7c./Resolutions, p. I l3).
its seventh session (1952)
its eighth session (1954)
seventeenth session (1972)J.
5.
conditions as the Conference may approve, andshall be eligible for reappointment. He shall be thechief administrative officer of the Organization.(a) The Director-General, or a deputy designated
by him, shall participate, without the rightto vote, in all meetings of the Ceneral Con-ference, of the Executive Board, and of theCommittees of the Organization. He shallformulate proposals for appropriate actionby the Conference and the Board, and shallprepare for submission to the Board a draftprogramme of work for the Orga.nization withcorresponding hudger estimates.'
(b) The Director-Ceneral shall prepare and com-municate to Member States and to the ExecutiveBoard periodical reports on the activities of'the C)rganization. The General (-onference shalldetermile the periods to be covered by thcse
reports.'The Director-General shall appoint the staff of the
Secretariat in accordance with staff regulations to
be approved by the General Conference. Subject
to the paramount consideration of securing the
highest standards of integrity, efficiency ancl
technical competence, appointment to the staffshall be on as wide a geographical basis as possible.
The responsibilities of the Director-General and of'
the staff shall be exclusively international in cha-
racter. ln the discharge of their duties they shall
not seek or receive instructions from any Covernmcnt
or from any authority external to (he C)rganization.They shall refrain from any action whi:h mightprejudice their positions as international officials.Each State Member of'the Organization undertakes
to respect the international character Of the respon-
sibilities of the Director-Ceneral and the staff, and
Sr-rb-paragraph amended bir lhe Qeneral Conterencc al its seventh sessiorl (1952)
(7ClResolutions, p. I l3).Sub-paragraph adopted by the General Conference at its eighth session (1954)
(8C/Resolutions, p. l3).
4.
not to seek to influence them in the discharge of'their duties.
6. Nothing in this Article shall preclude the Organiza-tion from entering into special arrangements withinthe United Nations Organization for commonservices and staff and for the interchanee ofpersonpel.
Trans it ional provis io n7 . Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 2 of
this Article, the Director-General nominated bythe Executive Board and appointed by the CeneralConference in 1980 shall serve for a term of sevenyears. '
Article Vll National Co-operating Bodiesl. Each Member State shall make such arrangements
as suit its particular conditions for the purposeof associating its principal bodies interested ineducational, scientific and cultural mallerswith the work of the C)rganization, preferably bythe formation of a National Commission broadlyrepresentative of the Government and suchbodies.
2. National Commissions or National Co-operatingBodies, where they exist, shall act in an advisorycapacity to their respective delegations to thcCeneral Conf'erence and to their Covernments inmatters relating (o llre C)rganization and shalllunction as agencies of liaison in all matters ofintcrest to ir.
3. The Organization may, on the request of a MemberState, delegate, either temporarily or permanently.a member of its Secretariat to serve on lhe NationalCommission of that State, in order to assist inthe development of its work.
Article VIII Reports by Member StatesEach Member State shall submit to the C)rganization,
_ at such times and in such manner as shall be determined
l. Paragraph adopted by the General Conference at its twentieth session (1978)
(20ClResolutions, p. l6l).
Article IX
Article X
by the General Conference, reports on the laws,regulations and statistics relating to its educational,scientific and cultural institutions and activities, andon the action taken upon the recommendations andconventions referred to in Article IV, paragraph 4.'
Budgetl. The Budget shall be administered by the Organi-
zation.2. The Ceneral Conference shall approve and give
final effect to the budget and to the apportionmentof financial responsibility among the States Membersof the Organization subject to such arrangementwith the United Nations as may be provided inthe agreement to be entered into pursuant toArticle X.
3. The Director-General, with the approval of theExecutive Board, may receive gifts, bequests, andsubventions directly from Governments, publicand private institutions, associations and privatepersons.
Relations with the United Nations OrganizationThis Organization shall be brought into relation withthe United Natrons Organization, as soon as practicable,as one of the Specialized Agencies referred to inArticle 57 of the Charter of the United Nations. Thisrelationship shall be effected through an agreementwith the United Nations Organization under Article63 of the Charter, which agreement shall be subjectto the approval of the General Conference of thisOrganization. The agreement shall provide foreffective co-operation between the two Organizationsin the pursuit of their common purposes, and at thesame time shall recognize the autonomy of thisOrganization, within the fields of its competence rsdefined in this Constitution. Such agreement may,among other matters, provide for the approval and
l. Article amended by the General Conference at its seventeenth session (1972)(17C,/Resolutions, p. I l4).
financing of the budget of the Organization by the
General Assembly of the United Nations.
Article XI Relations with other specialized international organi-
zations and agencies
l. This Organization may co-operate with other
specialized intergovernmental organizations and
agencies whose interests and activities are related
to its purposes. To this end the Director-General,
acting under the general authority of the Execu-
tive Board, may establish effective working rela-
tionships with such organizations and agencies
and establish such joint committees as may be
necessary to assure effective co-operation' Any
formal arrangements entered into with such
organizations or agencies shall be subject to the
approval of the Executive Board'2. Whenever the General Conference of this Organi-
zation and the competent authorities of any other
specialized intergovernmenttal organizations or
agencies whose purpose and functions lie withinthe competence of this Organization deem itdesirable to effect a transfer of their resources
and activities to this Organizalion, the Director-General, subject to the approval of the conference,
may enter into mutually acceptable arrangements
for this Purpose.3. This Organization may make appropriate arrange-
ments with other intergovernmental organizations
for reciprocal representation at meetings'
4. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization may make suitable arrange-
ments for consultation and co-operation with
non-governmental international organizalionsconcerned with matters within ils competence'
and may invite them to undertake specific tasks'
Such co-operation may also include appropriateparticipation by representatives of such organiza-
tions on advisory committees set up by the General
Con ference.
Article XII Legal status of the OrganizationThe provisions of Articles 104 and 105 of the Charterof the United Nations Organization' concerning thelegal status of that Organization, its privileges andimmunities, shall apply in the same way to thisOrganization.
Article XIII Amendments1. proposals for amendments to this Constitution
shall become effective upon receiving the approvalof the General Conference by a two-thirds majority;provided, however, that those amendments whichinvolve fundamental alterations in the aims of theOrganization or new obligations for the MemberStates shall require subsequent acceptance on thepart of two-thirds of the Member States beforethey come into force. The draft texts of proposedamendments shall be communicated by theDirector-General to the Member States at least
six months in advance of their consideration bythe General Conference.
2. The General Conference shall have power toadopt by a two-thirds majority rules of procedurefor carrying out the provisions of this Article.
Article XIV Interpretationl. The English and French texts of this Constitution
shall be regarded as equally authoritative.
l. Arlicle 104. The Organization shall enjoy in the territory of each of its Members
such legal capacity as may be necessary for the exercise of its functions and the
fulfilment of its purposes.
Article 105. l. The Organization shall enjoy in the territory of its Members
such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the fulfilment of its purposes.
2. Representatives of the Members of the United Nations and officials ofthe Organization shall similarly enjoy such privileges and immunities as are
necessary for the independent exercise of their functions in connexion with the
Organization.3. The General Assembly may make recommendations with a view to
determining the details of the application of paragraphs I and 2 of this Articleor may propose conventions to the Members of the United Nations for thispurpose.
Article XV
2. Any question or dispute concerning the interpre-tation of this Constitution shall be referred fordetermination to the International Court ofJustice or to an arbitral tribunal, as the GeneralConference may determine under its rules ofprocedure.
Entry into forcel. This Constitution shall be subject to acceptance.
The instrument of acceptance shall be depositedwith the Covernment of the United Kingdom.
2. This Constitution shall remain open for signaturein the archives of the Government of the UnitedKingdom. Signature may take place either beforeor after the deposit of the instrument of acceptance.
No acceptance shall be valid unless preceded orfollowed by signature.
3. This Constitution shall come into force when ithas been accepted by twenty of its signatories.Subsequent acceptances shall take effect immediately.
4. The Government of the United Kingdom willinform all Members of the United Nations of the
receipt of all instruments of acceptance and ofthe date on which the Constitution comes intoforce in accordance with the preceding paragraph.
In faith whereof, the undersigned, duly authorizedto that effect, have signed this Constitution in
the English and French languages, both texts
being equally authentic.Done in London the sixteenth daY of
November, one thousand nine hundred and
forty-five, in a single copy, in the English and
French languages, of which certified copies willbe communicated by the Government of the
United Kingdom to the Governments of all the
Members of the United Nations.
The Charter of NationalCommissions for Unesco
Preamble
Whereas the purpose of the United Nations Educational, Scientificand Cultural Organization, as assigned to it by its Con-stitution, is to contribute to peace and security by promotingcollaboration among the nations through education, scienceand culture in order to further universal respect for justice,for the rule of law and for the human rights and funda-mental freedoms which are affirmed for the peoples of theworld, without distinction of race, sex, language orreligion, by the Charter of the United Nations ,
Whereqs it it essential, if the Organization is to achieve this purpose,that in each Member State it should have the active supportof the intellectual and scientific communities and theco-operation of the population,
*As approved in resolution 7/42 adopted by the Ceneral Conference of Unescoat its twentieth session.
Considering the framework provided by Article VII of the Con-stitution, which stipulates to this end that 'each MemberState shall make such arrangements as suit its particularconditions for the purpose of associating its principaibodies interested in educational, scientific and culturalmatters with the work of the Organization, preferably bythe formation of a National Commission broadly represen-
tative of the Government and such bodies'.
Whereas National Commissions, established under Article VII ofthe Constitution, are helping in an effective way to makeUnesco's objectives better known, broaden its range ofinfluence and promote the execution of its programme, byinvolving the intellectual and scientific communities oftheir respective countries in this work,
Whereas the Ceneral Conference, on various occasions and parti-cularly at its nineteenth session, has emphasized the need
to associate Member States, through their NationalCommissions, more closely with the formulation, imple-mentation and evaluation of the Organization's programmes,and has recommended that National Commissions be
strengthened as advisory, liaison, information and executivebodies and that co-operation betweeen National Com-missions be furthered at the subregional, regional andinterregional levels,
The Genesl Conference, meeting in Paris its twentieth session,
this twenty-seventh day of November 1978 approves thepresent Charter of National Commissions for Unesco.
Article I. Purpose and functions
l. The function of National Commissions is to involve in Unesco'sactivities the various ministerial departments, agencies.
institutions, organizations and individuals u'orking forthe advancement of education, science, culture andinformation, so that each Member State may :
a) contribute to the maintenance of peace and security andthe common welfare of mankind by participating in theactivities of Unesco which aim to advance the mutualknowledge and.understanding of peoples, give freshimpulse to popular education and to the spread ofculture, and preserve, increase and diffuse knowledge;
b) play and ever-increasing role in Unesco's work, andparticularly in the formulation and execution of itsprogrammes.
2. For this purpose, National Commissions :
a) co-operate with their governments and with services,
organizations, institutions and individuals concernedwith questions within Unesco's competence;
b) encourage participation of National, governmental andnon-governmental institutions and various individualsin the formulation and execution of Unesco's programmes
so as to secure for the Organization all the intellectual,scientific, artistic or administrative assistance that itmay require;
c) disseminate information on the objectives, programmeand activities of Unesco and endeavour to arouse publicinterest in them.
3. ln addition, and depending on the requirements and arrangements
of each Member State, National Commissions may :
a) participate in the planning and execution of activitiesentrusted to Unesco which are undertaken with theassistance of the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), the United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP), the United Nations Fund for PopulationActivities and other international programmes :
b) participate in the search for candidates for Unesco posts
financed under the Regular Programme or from extra-budgetary sources, and in the placement of Unescofellowship holders;
c) participate with other National Commissions in jointstudies on matters of interest to Unesco:
d) undertake on their own initiative other activities relatedto the general objectives of Unesco.
4 National Commissions collaborate with each other and withUnesco's Regional Offices and centres in fostering regional,subregional and bilateral co-operation in education, the
sciences, culture and information, particularly through thejoint formulation and execution of programmes. Thisco-operation may bear upon the preparation, implementa-tion and evaluation of projects and may take the form ofjoint surveys, seminars, meetings and conferences andexchanges of information, material and visits.
Article II. Role of National Commissions in their relations withMember States
l. Each Member State defines the responsibilities of its own NationalCommission. In general, National commissions :
a) foster close liaison between State agencies and services,professional and other associations, universities and other
centres of research and education, and other institutionsconcerned with education, the sciences, culture andinformation;
b) co-operate with the delegations of their respectivegovernments at the General Conference and at otherintergovernmental meetings convened by Unesco, interalia by preparing the contributions of their governments
to the work of these meetings;c) follow the development of Unesco's programme and
call the attention of the appropriate agencies to thepotential benefits of international co-operation;
d) contribute to national activities related to Unesco'sprogramme and to the evaluation thereof;
e) provide a channel for disseminating information obtainedfrom other countries on matters of domestic interest ineducation, the sciences, culture and information;
f) encourage, at the national level, interdisciplinary dialogueand co-operation between institutions concerned witheducation, the sciences, culture and information, witha view to helping to hring intellectual resources to bear
on certain priorities for development.2. Depending on the arrangements made by each Member State,
National Commissions may also be expected, inter slia :
a) to assume, alone or in collaboration with other bodies,responsibility for the operation of Unesco projects inthe country and for national participation in subregional,regional, or international Unesco activities;
b) to inform national agencies and institutions of theconclusions and recommendations adopted by theGeneral Conferqnce or by other meetings, or includedin studies and reports; to encourage their discussionin the light of national needs and priorities; and toprovide for such follow-up activities as may be required.
Article III. Services rendered to Unesco by National commissions
l. In each Member state, the National commission ensures the
permanent presence of Unesco in its country and contributes
to the Organization's effort to promote international
co-operation in the field of intellectual activities'
2. National Commissions are important sources of information
for Unesco on national requirements and priorities in regard
to education, science, culture and information, thereby
enabling the Organization to take Member States' require-
ments more fully into account when preparing its pro-
grammes. The also contribute to the Organization's
standard-setting work and to the orientation or execution
of its programme by making their views known when
surveys or inquiries are carried out and by replying toquest ion naires.
3. National Commissions disseminate information :
a) to the mass media and the general public, on Unesco's
objectives, programmes and activities;b) to individuals and institutions concerned with any aspect
of Unesco's work4. National Commissions must be able to contribute effectively to
the implementation of Unesco's programme :
a) by mobilizing on its behalf the assistance and support
of the country's speciallized communities;
b) by assuming operational responsibility for some ofU nesco's Programme activities.
Article IV. Responsibilities of Member States towards National
Commissions
l. It is incumbent upon each Member State, under Article VII ofthe Constitution, to provide its National Commission with
the status, structure and resources necessary to enable it
effectively to discharge its responsibilities to Unesco and
to the Member State.
2. F.ach National Commission will normally include representatives
of ministerial departments, services and other bodies
interested in matters of education, science, culture and
information, as well as representative individuals belonging
to the specialized communities involved' Its members
bct
3.
4.
should be sufficiently senior and competent to secure forit the support and co-operation of ministries, services,national institutions and persons capable of contributingto Unesco's work.
National Commissions may include executive and standingcommittees, co-ordinating bodies, subcommissions andany other subsidiary body, as appropriate.
For their effective operation, National Commissions require :
a) a legal status which is consistent with Article VII of theConstitution of Unesco and the provisions of thisCharter and which clearly defines the responsibilitiesvested in the National Commission, its membership,the conditions governing its operation and the resources
on which it may draw;b) a permanet secretariat, provided with :
i) a high-level staff, whose status, and in particularthat of its Secretary-General, should be clearlydefined, and who should be appointed for a suffi-ciently long period to ensure the necessary continuityof experience;
ii) sufficient authority and financial means to enableit to carry out efficiently the functions specified inthis Charter and to increase its participation in theactivities of the Organization.
It is important for close collaboration to be established in each
Member State between its permanent delegation to Unescoand its National Commission.
Article V. Responsibilities of Unesco towards National Commissions
l. It is incumbent upon the Director-General of Unesco til take the
measures that he deems most appropriate in order toinvolve National Commissions in the formulation' imple-mentation and evaluation of the Organization's programme
and activities and to ensure that close liaison is established
between its various regional services, centres and offices
and the National Cor-nmissions.
2. The Organization fosters the development of National Com-missions and supplies them, to the utmost of its ability,with the facilities needed for the discharge of their tunctions :
5.
aJ.
a) by giving advice and making available the services ofconsultants or members of the Secretariat in order to
assist Member States, at their request, to establish or
reorganize their National Commission;b) by providing training for new Secretaries-General and
other officials of National Commissions;c) by providing them with material assistance;
d) by informing them of all missions of visiting Unesco
officials and consultants and of any other Unesco
activity planned in their country;e) by providing them with documentation and information
materials;0 by providing support for the National Commissions in
the translation, adaptation and dissemination of the
publications and documents of Unesco in national
languages, and assistance in the production of their
own publications.Unesco can extend and develop its action through National
Commissions by :
a) entering into contracts with them, wherever necessary,
for the execution of activities included in its programme;
b) providing financial support for regular subregional and
regional meetings held by National Commissions forthe purpose of discussing common concerns' formulatingproposals relating to the programmes and arranging forthe joint execution of specific projects;
c) providing advice and technical support for such meetings
through the participation of Unesco officials;d) fostering the establishment of co-operative relationships
enabling the decisions taken at subregional and regional
meetings to be followed uP;
e) providing financial and technical support for the liaison
machinery established by National Commissions;
fl fostering the organization of meetings of Secretaries-
General, particularly in connection with sessions of the
General Conference.Unesco encourages contacts between the National Commissions
of the different regions by continuing and increasing the
support it gives to :
a) meetings of groups of Secretaries-General from all
bc
regions to exchange ideas and experiences on specificproblems;
b) interregional collective consultations of Secretaries-General of National Commissions;
c) National Commissions of one region wishing to send
an observer to the conferences of National Commissionsof other regions;
d) joint projects and other co-operative activities under-taken by National Commissions of different regions.
List of Member Statesat I January 1987 and dates
at which they becameMembers of the Oreanization
AfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAngolaAntigua and BarbudaArgentinaAustraliaAustriaBahamasBahrainBangladeshBarbadosBelgiumBelizeBeninBhutanBoliviaBotswanaBrazilBulgariaBurkina FasoBurmaBurundiByelorussian Soviet Socialist RepublicCanadaCameroonCape VerdeCentral African RepublicChadChileChinaColombiaComoros
4 May 1948
16 October 1958
15 October 1962
ll March 1977
15 July 1982
15 September 1948
4 November 1946
13 August 1948
23 April l98l18 January 1972
27 October 1972
24 October 1968
29 November 1946
l0 May 1982
l8 October 1960
13 April 1982
13 November 1946
16 January 1980
4 November 1946
17 May 1956
14 November 1960
27 June 194916 November 196212 May 19544 November 1946
ll November 1960
15 February 1978
ll November 1960
19 December 1960
7 July 1953
4 November 19463l October 1947
22 March 1977
g|Io
CongoCosta RicaCdte d'IvoireCubaCyprusCzechoslovakiaDemocratic KampucheaDemocratic People's Republic of KoreaDemocratic YemenDenmarkDominicaDominican RepublicEcuadorEgvptEl SalvadorEquatorial GuineaEthiopiaFijiFinlandFranceGabonGambiaGerman Democratic RepublicGermany, Federal Republic ofGhanaGreeceGrenadaGuatemalaGuineaGuinea-BissauGuyanaHaitiHondurasHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIran, Islamic Republic ofIraq
Ireland
24 October 1960
19 May 1950
27 October 1960
29 August 1947
6 February l96l4 November 1946
3 July l95l18 October 1974
15 October 1968
4 November 1946
9 January 1979
4 November 194622 January 1947
4 November 194628 April 1948
29 November 1979I July 1955
14 July 1983
l0 October 1956
4 November 1946
16 November 1960
I August 1973
24 November 1972
ll July l95lI I April 1958
4 November 1946
17 February 1975
2 January 1950
2 February 1960
I November 1974
2l March 1967
l8 November 194616 December 1947
14 September 1948
8 June 1964
4 November 1946
27 May 1950
6 September 1948
21 October 1948
3 October 196l
s, lD
IsraelItalyJamaicaJapanJordanKenyaKuwaitLao People's Democratic RepublicLebanonLesothoLiberiaLibyan Arab JamahiriyaLuxembourgMadagascarMalawiMalaysiaMaldivesMaliMaltaMauritaniaMauritiusMexicoMonacoMongoliaMoroccoMozambiqueNamibiaNepalNetherlandsNew ZealandNicaraguaNigerNigeriaNorwayOmanPakistanPanama
Papua New GuineaParaguayPeru
16 September 1949
27 January 1948
7 November 1962
2 July l95l14 June 19507 April 1964
18 November 1960
9 July l95l4 November 1946
29 September 1967
6 March 1947
27 Jrne 1953
27 October 1947
l0 November 1960
27 October 1964
16 June 1958
18 July 1980
7 November 1960
10 February 1965
l0 January 1962
25 October 1968
4 November 1946
6 July 1949
I November 1962
7 November 1956
I I October 1976
2 November 1978
I May 1953
I January 1947
4 November 1946
22 February 1952
l0 November 1960
14 November 1960
4 November 1946
10 February 1972
14 September 1949
l0 January 1950
4 October 1976
20 June 1955
21 November 1946
PhilippinesPoland
PortugalQatarRepublic of KoreaRomaniaRwandaSaint Christopher and NevisSaint LuciaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesSamoaSan MarinoSao Tome and PrincipeSaudi ArabiaSenegalSeychellesSierra LeoneSomaliaSpainSri LankaSudanSurinameSwazilandSwedenSwitzerlandSyrian Arab RepublicThailandTogoTongaTrinidad and TobagoTunisiaTurkeyUgandaUkrainian Soviet Socialist RepublicUnion of Soviet Socialist RepublicsUnited Arab EmiratesUnited Republic of TanzaniaUruguayVenezuelaViet Nam
21 November 1946
6 November 1946
12 March 1965
27 January 197214 June 1950
27 luly 19567 November 1962
26 October 1983
6 March 1980
l5 February 1983
3 April l98l12 November 1974
22 January 19804 November 1946
l0 November 1960
18 October 1976
28 March 196215 November 1960
30 January 1953
14 November 194926 November 1956
16 July 1976
25 January 1978
23 January 1950
28 lanuary 194916 November 1946I January 1949
17 November 1960
29 September 1980
2 November 19628 November 1956
4 November 19469 November 1962
12 May 19542l April 1954
20 April 19726 March 19628 November 1974
25 November 19466 July l95l
etd
YemenYugoslaviaZaireZambiaZimbabwe
Associate Members
British Virgin IslandsNetherlands Antilles
2 April 19623l March 195025 November 19609 November 1964
22 September 1980
26 October 198324 November 1983
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