Hydrated Lime - Solution for Acid Gas 7-19-12 - · PDF fileHydrated Lime DSI - Solution for...

Hydrated Lime DSI - Solution for Acid Gas Control (SO3, HCl, and HF)
MARAMA /ICAC SO2/HCl CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES WEBINAR
HOWARD FITZGERALD - LHOIST NORTH AMERICA
July 19, 2012

VERY PRELIMINARY DRAFT
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Chemical Lime and Franklin Industrial Minerals merged to form Lhoist North America
Lhoist Group Worldwide, 22 countries in Asia, Europe and the Americas
Lhoist - Largest lime company in the world
Calcium Focused
Calcium R&D Centers throughout globe
Chemical Lime to Lhoist (Luh-wost)

CLCMAP 9/28/2000 Rev.3
Langley
Tenmile
Grantsville
Natividad
Redding
Stockton
Denver
City ofIndustry
Gallup
Belen
Douglas
Nelson
ApexHenderson
McKinney
Arcola
CliftonNew Braunfels Port Allen
Ste. Genevieve
Brooklyn Junction
AlabasterONeal
Brooksville
Pompano Beach
Redmond
Carlin
Hurst
La Porte
Marble Falls
Kimballton
Ft Worth
Scottsdale
High Calcium PlantDolomitic PlantHical / Dolo PlantTerminalSales OfficeHydratorHeadquarters
Montevallo
Lhoist North America- Plant Locations -
St. Matthews
Butte
Shoshoni
Portland
CLC FACILITIES
Valley
Hutchins
Holland
Baker City
Port Arthur
Sebree K1 & K2
Lakeland
West Palm Beach
FIM Anderson
FIM Crab Orchard
FIM Dalton
FIM Alabaster
FIM Lowell
FIM AlabasterFIM NolanvilleFIM Crawford
FIM Facilities

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Presentation Objectives
Provide brief explanation of Calcium Products and Production
Present a summary of coal-fired boiler test data to show the performance of DSI using hydrated lime as an effective emission control option
SO2 explain the temperature relationship in capture HCl
SO3 HF
Hg - removal enhancement Trace metals
Compare the effectiveness of a standard hydrated lime to a high surface area high porosity optimized hydrate produced specifically for acid gas control applications

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CaOLime
Ca(OH)2Calcium Hydroxide
Hydrate
CaCO3Limestone
Heat
Im a Calcium Missionary

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Hydrated Lime Properties
SorbacalSP and SPS
SSA - >40 m2/gPorosity - ~.23 cm3/g
Standard Hydrate
SSA - ~20 m2/gPorosity - ~.07 cm3/g
Chemically the hydrated limes evaluated are basically the same
Their difference lies in their physical properties
Production in Europe and Japan since early 1990s.
Commercially Available in US April 2013

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CSAPR SIP Compliance StrategySO2 Data Summary
Testing at SRI Birmingham Combustion Research FurnaceHigh S - ~2000 ppm in flue gas (furnace injection)
Low S - ~600 ppm in flue gas (duct injection)

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SO2 Removal Chemical Reactions
WFGD Limestone - SO2 Removal CaCO3 + SO2 +1/2O2 CaSO4 + CO2
WFGD Quicklime - SO2 Removal CaO + SO2 +1/2O2 CaSO4
SDA/CDA/DSI Hydrated Lime - SO2 Removal Ca(OH)2 + SO2 CaSO3H2O + H2O

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Hydrate FSI SO2 Control Furnace Injection w/ ESPTemperature Impact on SO2 Removal
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Hydrate Feedrate (lb/lb SO2)
% S
O2
Rem
oval
Sorbacal SPS @ 2100 FSorbacal SPS @ 1700 F
2000 ppm SO2ESP Operations
~28%

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At 2100F
Hydrate DSI SO2 Control Furnace Injection w/ ESPComparison of Sorbacal SPS and Standard Hydrate
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
% S
O2
Rem
oval
Sorbacal SPSStd Hydrate
2100F
2000 ppm SO2ESP Operations
~33%

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Hydrate DSI SO2 Control Air Heater Inlet (670F) w/ FFBH Comparison of Sorbacal SPS and Standard Hydrate
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
SO2
Rem
oval
%
SorbacalSPSStandard Hydrate
600 ppm SO2
~33%

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SO2 Test Conclusions
Higher Temperatures are better for SO2 removal
SorbacalSPS performs better than standard hydrate by ~30%
70+% removal is achievable with SorbacalSPS at a feedrate of ~2 lbs SorbacalSPS/lb SO2 with in furnace injection (2100F) with proper dispersion and an ESP. A baghouse should perform better.
~ 50% removal is achievable with SorbacalSPS at the air heater inlet temperatures (700F to 650F)

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MATS Compliance StrategyHCl Data Summary
High Cl Tests (3300 ppm Cl in Coal, 200 ppm HCl in flue gas)
Moderate Cl Tests(~800 1000 ppm in coal, 63 ppm in flue gas)

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Other Acid Gas Chemical Reactions
HF Removal Ca(OH)2 + 2 HF CaF2 + 2 H2O
SO3 Removal Ca(OH)2 + SO3 + H2O CaSO42H2O
HCl Removal Ca(OH)2 + HCl CaClOH + H2O CaClOH + HCl CaCl2 + H2O
Note Lhoist has demonstrated in multiple tests Hydrated Lime reacts more strongly (or quickly) with HF, then SO3, then HCl.

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Impact of competing acid gases
Temperature
% C
ontr
ol
SO2
SO3
HClHF
HighLow

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ESP Operations for High Cl Coal(~3300 ppm in coal
200 ppm HCl in flue gas)
Temperature Impacts on HCl Removal Sorbacal SPS
HCl Removal Better at Low T
Temperature Effects for Sorbacal SPS
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
100.0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
Hydrate Feedrate (lb hydrate/lb acid gas)
HCl R
emov
al (%
)
350 F700 F

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ESP Operations for High Cl Coal(~3300 ppm in coal
200 ppm HCl in flue gas)
HCl Removal Better at Low T
Temperature Effect for Sorbacal H
0.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.0
100.0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
HC
l Rem
oval
(%
350 F
700 F
Temperature Impacts on HCl Removal Standard Hydrate

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SorbacalSPS vs. Standard HydrateHigh Chloride Coal, ESP Operations, DSI @ 350F
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2
HCl R
emov
al (%
)
Sorbacal SPSStandard Hydrate
200 ppm HCl in gas3300 ppm Cl in coal

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HCl Removal - Baghouse vs. ESP
0102030405060708090
100
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
lb Hydrate per lb Acid Gas
HC
l Rem
oval
Baghouse w ith SPS
ESP w ith SPS200 ppm HCl in gas3300 ppm Cl in coal

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High S, High Cl Test Summary
SorbacalSPS performed better than the standard hydrateBetter performance was shown at the air heater outlet temperature (300 - 350F) than the inlet temperature (650 -700F)~90% HCl removal was achieved with an ESP and 97% removal with a baghouseThe utility MATS limit of 0.002 lb/MM Btu was not achieved with this high Cl coal
DSI can be an effective way to limit Cl corrosion in FGD systems and also reduce
waste water treatment costs.

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HCl Removal Across Baghouse
60.0
65.0
70.0
75.0
80.0
85.0
90.0
95.0
100.0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
HCL
Rem
oval
(%)
Sorbacal SPStandard Hydrate
63 ppm HCl in gas800 - 1000 ppm Cl in coal

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HCl Removal Across Baghouse
60.0
65.0
70.0
75.0
80.0
85.0
90.0
95.0
100.0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
HCL
Rem
oval
(%)
Sorbacal SPStandard Hydrate
63 ppm HCl in gas800-1000 ppm in coal

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HCl Removals Across ESP
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
HC
l Rem
oval
(%
Sorbacal SP
Standard Hydrate`
63 ppm HCl in gas800-1000 ppm Cl in coal

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HCl Emissions Across Baghouse
0
0.001
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.01
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

Hydrated Lime - Solution for Acid Gas 7-19-12 - · PDF fileHydrated Lime DSI - Solution for...

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