Hughes AB9400 Advantages For 2/3G Cellular Transmission

December 2005

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AB9400 Product Overview

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AB9400: Point-to-Point and PMP on One Radio Platform

Point-to-Point and PMP use the same equipment and are managed by the same EMS

All Hughes advantages apply:– Frequency reuse, even adjacent channels– Frequency changes on-the-fly– Mix of traffic E1, ATM, IP

Key benefits: leverage common training, sparing, network management, etc.

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Key Features

Low startup investment with single sector HT Linear expansion: match investment with revenue Low operational costs: automatic installation, etc Highest efficiency with 16-QAM Flexible architecture: ATM, TDM and IP transport with QoS

(Flexible bandwidth control) Optimized for cellular backhaul IP/LAN for SMEs Long Range: 5.7km for 99.99% Rain zone K Carrier grade EMS (Sun-Unix)

Bottom line: lowest CapEx, lowest OpEx

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HubS1 Low speed (QPSK) bursts Longer range

High speed

(QAM) bursts

S2Close in

customers

High Spectral Efficiency with Multi-Modulation

Higher capacity using 16-QAM: 30 Mbps– 3.2 bps/Hz (2.4 bps/Hz payload)

Higher range and availability using QPSK: 15 Mbps – 1.6 bps/Hz (1.2 bps/Hz payload)

Hub radio supports remotes using both modes (slot by slot), optimizing system capacity and range

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G-24870 C06/25/02

HUB

QPSK

16-QAM

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

A A F CD G G EGTDMABursts

16-QAM QPSK

Hughes’ Patented Multi-Modulation Optimizes Range and Capacity

AB9400 Hub/Base Station Supports Terminals with 16QAM and QPSK Simultaneously on a site-by-site basis

DBAThe HT is the controller of the DBA algorithm.

The HT assigns timeslots based on demand and priority as defined by the QoS parameters on a per VP/VC basis.

Each RT can receive up to the full air bandwidth.

Hub

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24.5 GHz 25.445 GHz 25.557 GHz 26.5 GHz

1,008 MHz FDD spacing

896 MHz

64 Channels of 14 MHzDownlink

896 MHz

64 Channels of 14 MHzUplink

ETSI 26 GHz Band

AB9400 26/28 GHz Channel Plans

27.5 GHz 28.4445 GHz 28.5565 GHz 29.5 GHz

1,008 MHz FDD spacing

896 MHz

64 Channels of 14 MHzDownlink

896 MHz

64 Channels of 14 MHzUplink

ETSI 28 GHz Band

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Hughes AB9400 Advantages

TDMA architecture is more economical than FDMA, lower capex and opex

– AB9400 “first-link cost” [initial base station and one remote terminal] is similar to point-to-point microwave price

– AB9400 Base Station has ATM, NxE1, + 100BaseT interfaces, permitting migration of traffic from E1 to ATM to IP with no hardware swapout

Higher Remote Terminal capacity – Some FDMA products limited to 8 Mbps/4xE1– AB9400 Remote Terminal supports 4-12 E1s, up to 29 Mbps ATM throughput,

20-30 Mbps IP throughput AB9400 TDMA system allows dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA)

among multiple Remote Terminals– DBA is vital for concentrating backhaul traffic from HSDPA/UMTS cell sites,

allows oversubscription of 3G data carriers, reduces transmission costs at cell sites and upstream

– FDMA systems cannot share bandwidth among remote terminals AB9400 has more robust ATM and IP services & features

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4-Sector Hub for 24 Remotes

FDMA Base Station

TDMA Base Station: Lower Capex & Opex

24 FDMAModems

4 TDMA Radios(120 Mbps Capacity with 4

Radios in 1/3 Rack

FDMA Hub/Base Station:• Multiple module types & multiple modules per radio • Requires additional modem for each Remote Terminal • Requires site visit to add/configure modem for incremental Remote Terminal• Range decreases as Remotes are added to multi-carrier transmitter

Hub/Base Station Costs

TDMA Hub/Base Station:• Only one module (circuit pack) per radio • Each radio supports >16 Remote Terminals• No hub site visit required for incremental Remote• Number of remotes does not affect range with single-carrier TDMA

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AB9400 Superior Redundancy

HT IDURT IDU

12xE1 12xE1

Protection available for ATM, IP, and E1 interfaces at hub/base stations and remotes Hub radios can be 1:0, 1:1, or 1:N redundant Remote radios can be 1:0 or 1:1 protected

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TDMA Enables Active Redundancy for Hub/Base Stations

Backup hub radio transmits test burst in maintenance time slot– Remote Terminals report signal strength of primary and backup radios

– Alarm generated for backup unit failure or degradation

Continuous “Active Redundancy Testing” avoids switchover to failed backup units, reduces system outages

FDMA systems not capable of active redundancy

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2/3G Capacity Requirements

Source: GSM Mobile Transmission Conference Presentations April 2005

Cell site with 2G+3G will require 5-10 E1s– AB9400 Remote Terminal equipped with 4, 8, or 12 E1s– About 40 percent of Hughes PMP deployments for cellular operators

are 8xE1 or 12xE1 RTs today– Some PMP suppliers offer maximum 4 E1s, not sufficient for large

cells or 2+3G cells

Backhaul RequirementSOURCE Cell Site Type No. E1s Mbps

Mobile OperatorHutch "3" UK 3G & HSDPA 6-8 14SFR France 2G/3G/HSDPA 5-6 12

Microwave SupplierEricsson 2G/3G/HSDPA 6-10 16

Nokia 3G & HSDPA 5 10Stratex Node B 2007 8 16

Average 6.8 13.6

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9400 Hub Terminal High Performance and High Functionality

Outstanding operational performance– TDMA Multi-Mode Modulation: QPSK and 16 QAM

• 30 Mbps payload (2 bit/Hz) Physical interfaces

– a) STM-1/OC3c ATM – b) 12xE1 TDM + 100BaseT– c) 100BaseT only

Frequency Bands– ETSI 26 GHz– ETSI 28GHz

Scalable– Single sector (one HT)– Large Hub

Frequency change ‘on the fly’

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Azimuth angle (deg)180-180 0

0 dB

-10

High-performance sector antenna at the hub increases capacity.

Typical horn antenna

AB9000 Antenna

Wasted capacity

Spectrum Efficiency

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9400 Remote TerminalHigh Performance and High Functionality

Outstanding operational performance– TDMA Multi-Mode Modulation: QPSK, and 16 QAM

• Up to 30 Mbps user payload in 14 MHz

Physical interfaces– NxE1 + 2x10/100BaseT– N=2,4,8– E1s are TDM or ATM/IMA– STM-1 ATM

QuickVisitTM Installation– Single coax IFL– 300mm (half-depth)

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PMP Range

Rain attenuation is the limiting factor for range

Rain Zone K

Nominal system parameters, 60cm antenna, 10-6 BER, 99.99% Availability, 26GHz

1km

3.9 km

6km

16-QAM QPSKRain Zone K

3km

5.7 km

2km 4km 5km

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PMP Range

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AB9400 Advanced Features

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PTP Link

Unparalleled system flexibility

Hub

ODU

• Flexible Antenna Configurations

• 90o,,180o , 2x180o, PTP

• 1 antenna, 2 antenna

• Flexible Antenna Configurations

• 90o,,180o , 2x180o, PTP

• 1 antenna, 2 antenna

Remote

90o PMP Sector

Splitter

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Unparalleled system flexibility

Hub

ODU Splitter

Remote Terminal

• 2x180o with 1 channel 30Mbps

• ‘4-sector coverage’ with 1 radio

• 2x180o with 1 channel 30Mbps

• ‘4-sector coverage’ with 1 radio

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Unparalleled system flexibility

HubODU

Remote Terminal

Coupler

ODU

Backup Hub

• Stackable Base Stations

• Redundancy, added capacity

• Flexible Antenna Configurations

• 1 Antenna with 2 ODUs

• Stackable Base Stations

• Redundancy, added capacity

• Flexible Antenna Configurations

• 1 Antenna with 2 ODUs

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2G+3G Backhaul

ATMNxE1

2G

CoreBackhaul

G-25106 P09/09/02

UMTS RNC

PMP Hub

UMTS NodeB

AIReach RTNxE1 TDM

ATM Air Interface with

ATM QoS

TDM: NxE1 ATM: E3 or STM-1IP: 100BaseT

BSC

NxE1

NxE1

ATM DS3

2G+ 3G over NxE1 TDM NxE1

TDMTDM

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Hub Site (ATM)

• 1 to 4 Sectors, 1+1 Redundant

ATMSwitch

HT - 1 Backup

HT - 1

STM-1/E3 ATMHub Site

HT - 4 Backup

HT - 4

SDH or PDHCore

ATM Switch

Data Center

STM-1/E3 ATM ADM

ADM

STM-1

STM-1

LAN HubLAN

10Baset T to each HT

The Hub architecture is a scalable architecture.

HT radios are added when additional capacity is required.

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Hub Block Diagram

Ethernet Switch

Ethernet

Hub

The same HT supports all 3 modes at the same

time

IP CoreBackhaul

ATM Switch

ATM

HT

HT ATM CoreBackhaul

TDMSwitch

12xE1

TDM CoreBackhaul

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2G+3G Backhaul

ATMNxE1

2G

CoreBackhaul

G-25106 P09/09/02

UMTS RNC

PMP Hub

UMTS NodeB

AIReach RTNxE1 TDM

ATM Air Interface with

ATM QoS

TDM: NxE1 ATM: E3 or STM-1IP: 100BaseT

BSC

NxE1

NxE1

ATM

2G+ 3G over NxE1 TDM

E1ATM/IMA

3G ATM Interface

O&M UBR PVC

Voice VBRrt PVC

Data VBRnrt (future)

3G ATM Interface

O&M UBR PVC

Voice VBRrt PVC

Data VBRnrt (future)

2G over NxE1 TDM

3G over ATM(E3/DS3 PDH or

STM-1 SDH)

ATM

STM-1

ATMATM

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Future All-IP Backhaul

Ethernet CoreBackhaul

RNC

PMP Hub

3G BTS

AIReach RTNxT1 TDM

Air Interface with QoS

IP: 100BaseT

Ethernet

EthernetEthernet

All IPAll IP

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WiFi Application

Enables superior WiFi performance – Provides 50x the rate of 600kbps DSL– DBA allows bw sharing

WiFi Backhaul– Data is kept secure– Data is kept separate from other

traffic

Hot Spot10/100BaseT

WiFi AP

RT

Backhaul

Cellular backhaul and WiFi can be supported at the same time.

Cellular backhaul and WiFi can be supported at the same time.

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Terminal/RT Ethernet Interface: IP Performance

124 bytes 1,500 bytes

100kbps

7.8 Mbps

30 Mbps

HUGHES IP Performance

Full Duplex

Typical PMP IP Performance

3 Mbps

Vendor AVendor B

IP Packet Size

Throughput

Most vendors’ actual IP throughput is far less than claimed – very dependent on packet size!

20 Mbps

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AB9400 Best-in-Class IP, QoS, and Prioritization AB9400 HT supports >1,000 VCs, Remote Terminal supports

>250 VCs AB9400 supports all ATM QoS categories: CBR, VBR-rt, VBR-nrt,

CBR, UBR, UBR+ AB9400 supports four levels of IP QoS [matching ATM

categories] IP packet priority can be based on DiffServ TOS or VLAN ID AB9400 HT and RT provide VLAN tagging and untagging for 3G

and other applications AB9400 HT supports up to 64 VLAN IDs, RT up to 16 FDMA systems provide limited ATM support (typically CBR only,

limited connections/VCs per LAN port, limited QoS levels per LAN port/VC, limited VLAN support

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AB9400 with Up/Downlink VLAN Tagging

Unique VLAN tagging feature for 3G TD/CDMA operator

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3G Requires ATM Today

FDD UMTS + HSDPA = ATM Transport

NxE1 IMA

E3 or STM-1 ATM E3 or STM-1 ATM

Today’s 3G Node B requires ATM transport:– FDMA Base Station requires external mux to aggregate E1s with IMA onto

E3 or STM-1 [extra capex & opex]– AB9400 Base Station/Hub multiplexes ATM traffic from multiple Remote

Terminals onto E3 or STM-1 ATM channel– Some FDMA Remote Terminals limited to total throughput of 8 Mbps [4xE1

or 8 Mbps of LAN]– AB9400 Remote Terminal supports total throughput of 30 Mbps [4-12xE1,

plus E3 or STM-1 ATM, plus 10/100BaseT]

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Future 3G Cells Will Require IP

TDD UMTS, Future HSDPA Overlay = IP Transport

ATM

3G migrating to IP transport: TDD UMTS today – T-Mobile Czech, Orange Slovakia, etc. Future HSDPA overlay base stations 3G cells with 2-4 Mbps user traffic per sector, need 6-12 Mbps backhaul

– FDMA Base Station requires expansion unit for IP traffic [extra cost]– Every AB9400 Base Station/Hub radio today supports 100BaseT interface for IP

traffic– FDMA Remote Terminal limited to maximum 8 Mbps [insufficient capacity]– AB9400 Remote Terminal supports total throughput 20-30 Mbps IP traffic

depending on packet size

10/100BaseT100BaseT

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