Hudaybia

الهجرة السادسبعد العام القعدة ذي

Thee Al-Qui’dah, 6Thee Al-Qui’dah, 6thth year after Hijra year after Hijra

Al-HudaybiahAl-Hudaybiah

• Mecca is an open sanctuary since the Mecca is an open sanctuary since the time of Ibrahim PBUHtime of Ibrahim PBUH

• For six years Muslims were banned For six years Muslims were banned from Meccafrom Mecca

• The Prophet PBUH had a dream, that he The Prophet PBUH had a dream, that he and his companions are performing and his companions are performing Umrah in MeccaUmrah in Mecca


• The Prophet and 1400 companions The Prophet and 1400 companions move to Mecca for the purpose of move to Mecca for the purpose of UmrahUmrah

• Armed only with travelers’ protection, Armed only with travelers’ protection, not war equipment.not war equipment.

• Many allied tribes and new Muslims of Many allied tribes and new Muslims of Arabia did not join. Al-Fateh 11-12Arabia did not join. Al-Fateh 11-12

1212--48:1148:11 الفتح الفتح • [11][11] The desert Arabs who lagged The desert Arabs who lagged

behind will say to thee: "We were behind will say to thee: "We were engaged in (looking after) our flocks engaged in (looking after) our flocks and herds, and our families: do thou and herds, and our families: do thou then ask Forgiveness for us," they say then ask Forgiveness for us," they say with their tongues what is not in their with their tongues what is not in their hearts. Say: "Who then has any power hearts. Say: "Who then has any power at all (to intervene) on your behalf with at all (to intervene) on your behalf with Allah, if His Will is to give you some Allah, if His Will is to give you some loss or to give you some profit? But loss or to give you some profit? But Allah is well acquainted with all that ye Allah is well acquainted with all that ye do. do.

• [12][12] "Nay, ye thought that the "Nay, ye thought that the Messenger and the Believers would Messenger and the Believers would never return to their families; this never return to their families; this seemed pleasing in your hearts, and seemed pleasing in your hearts, and ye conceived an evil thought, for ye are ye conceived an evil thought, for ye are a people lost (in wickedness)." a people lost (in wickedness)."


• At Thee Al-Hulayfa the Prophet PBUH At Thee Al-Hulayfa the Prophet PBUH makes his Ihram. (Today’s Wells of Ali)makes his Ihram. (Today’s Wells of Ali)

• Seventy sacrifices (hadi) are marked Seventy sacrifices (hadi) are marked and led with the caravan. and led with the caravan.

• A companion hunted while he was not A companion hunted while he was not in Ihram state. Some companions ate in Ihram state. Some companions ate some of the prey meat. The Prophet some of the prey meat. The Prophet PBUH concurs. PBUH concurs.

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina

HARAM (The Sanctuary)

Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

1400

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

The Prophet knew about Khalid and a small army out to stop Muslims from entering Mecca

200

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Fear Prayer in Usfan

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

To avoid confrontation, the Prophet PBUH takes Muslims on alternate route to Haram

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Muslims reach Thaniat Al-Mirar and head to Haram

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Mushriks camp in Baldah and control water in the area

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’mAl-Quaswa sits and refuses to move

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Al-HudaybiahMuslims camp in

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Al-Hudaybiah

Miracle of water coming out of dry well

Arafat

Muzdalifah

Mina


Mount Thawr

Mount Al-Nour

Cave Hira’

Mecca

Ka’ba

Al-Tani’m

Al-Hudaybiah

The prophet PBUH decides for negotiations

The NegotiationsThe Negotiations

• The Negotiators of Quraish and Allies:The Negotiators of Quraish and Allies:– Budayl Bin Warquaa’Budayl Bin Warquaa’ ورقاء بن ورقاء ب�د�يل بن ب�د�يلالخزاعيالخزاعي

– Al-Hulays Bin Alkama Al-Hulays Bin Alkama علقمة علقمة الحليسبن الحليسبن الكنانيالكناني

األحابيش األحابيش سيد سيد– Mikraz Bin Hafs Mikraz Bin Hafs حفص بن حفص مكرز بن مكرز

• Finally, Suhail Bin Amr Finally, Suhail Bin Amr عمرو بن عمرو سهيل بن سهيل

Uthman the AmbassadorUthman the Ambassador

• The Prophet PBUH asks Omar to go to The Prophet PBUH asks Omar to go to Quraish but he declines for lack of Quraish but he declines for lack of protection.protection.

• The Prophet PBUH asks Uthman next The Prophet PBUH asks Uthman next based on Omar's advice and he acceptsbased on Omar's advice and he accepts

• Uthman is hosted in Mecca for three Uthman is hosted in Mecca for three days and refuses to perform Umrah.days and refuses to perform Umrah.

• Rumor spreads that Uthman is killedRumor spreads that Uthman is killed

Bay’at Al-Radhwan Bay’at Al-Radhwan بيعة بيعة الرضوانالرضوان

• In response to the rumors about Uthman’s In response to the rumors about Uthman’s murder, the Prophet calls for allegiance oath murder, the Prophet calls for allegiance oath by Muslims:by Muslims:– To fight until deathTo fight until death– To not escape the battle field To not escape the battle field

• All present gave their allegiance except Al-All present gave their allegiance except Al-Jad Bin QuaysJad Bin Quays

• Allah SWT was pleased with the believers. Allah SWT was pleased with the believers. • Also called: The Pledge of the Tree, The Also called: The Pledge of the Tree, The

Pledge of the Pleasure, and The Pledge of Pledge of the Pleasure, and The Pledge of Death.Death.

الفتحالفتح 48:18-20 48:18-20• [18] Allah's Good Pleasure was [18] Allah's Good Pleasure was

on the Believers when they swore on the Believers when they swore Fealty to thee under the Tree: He Fealty to thee under the Tree: He knew what was in their hearts, and knew what was in their hearts, and He sent down Tranquility to them; He sent down Tranquility to them; and He rewarded them with a and He rewarded them with a speedy Victory; speedy Victory;

[19] And many gains will they [19] And many gains will they acquire (besides): and Allah is acquire (besides): and Allah is Exalted in Power, Full of Wisdom. Exalted in Power, Full of Wisdom.

[20] Allah has promised you many [20] Allah has promised you many gains that ye shall acquire, and He gains that ye shall acquire, and He has given you these beforehand; has given you these beforehand; and He has restrained the hands and He has restrained the hands of men from you; that it may be a of men from you; that it may be a Sign for the Believers, and that He Sign for the Believers, and that He may guide you to a Straight Path; may guide you to a Straight Path;

The TreatyThe Treaty

1.1. The Prophet PBUH returns to Madina The Prophet PBUH returns to Madina that year without Umrah. Muslims will that year without Umrah. Muslims will be allowed in Mecca the next year for be allowed in Mecca the next year for three days. Armed only with the three days. Armed only with the travelers weapons. Quraish will not travelers weapons. Quraish will not prevent them or harm them.prevent them or harm them.

2.2. No war for ten years.No war for ten years.

The TreatyThe Treaty

3.3. Any tribe that want to join the alliance of Any tribe that want to join the alliance of Muhammad PBUH will be allowed to do so Muhammad PBUH will be allowed to do so and recognized by Quraish as allies to and recognized by Quraish as allies to Muslims. Vice versa for QuraishMuslims. Vice versa for Quraish

4.4. Whomever, Whomever, a mana man, comes to Muhammad , comes to Muhammad PBUH from Quraish, without permission, PBUH from Quraish, without permission, will be retuned back to Quraish. Whomever will be retuned back to Quraish. Whomever leave Muslims and go to Quraish, will not leave Muslims and go to Quraish, will not be returned.be returned.

Immediate ResultsImmediate Results

• Based on article #3: Khuza’a joined the alliance of Based on article #3: Khuza’a joined the alliance of Muslims. Bakr joined Quraish.Muslims. Bakr joined Quraish.

• Based on article #4: The Prophet returns Abou Based on article #4: The Prophet returns Abou Jandal (son of Suhail bin Amr) to Quraish.Jandal (son of Suhail bin Amr) to Quraish.

• Based on article #1: The Prophet orders Muslims to Based on article #1: The Prophet orders Muslims to undo their Ihram.undo their Ihram.

• Based on article #4: Women are not returned to Based on article #4: Women are not returned to QuraishQuraish

• Muslims grow Muslims grow very resentfulvery resentful and distraught about and distraught about the Treaty. Omar expressed this to the Prophet the Treaty. Omar expressed this to the Prophet PBUH. Muslims did not shave until the Prophet PBUH. Muslims did not shave until the Prophet PBUH did.PBUH did.

The The RealReal Results of the Treaty Results of the Treaty

1.1. The Prophet PBUH returns to Madina that year without The Prophet PBUH returns to Madina that year without Umrah. Muslims will be allowed in Mecca the next year for Umrah. Muslims will be allowed in Mecca the next year for three days. Armed only with the travelers weapons. Quraish three days. Armed only with the travelers weapons. Quraish will not prevent them or harm them.will not prevent them or harm them.

• The Prophet PBUH did not promise that Umrah will The Prophet PBUH did not promise that Umrah will happen that particular year.happen that particular year.

• Muslims did obtain unchallenged access to Mecca Muslims did obtain unchallenged access to Mecca for Umrahfor Umrah

• Quraish failed in obstructing Muslims from Quraish failed in obstructing Muslims from practicing Islam in Mecca.practicing Islam in Mecca.


2.2. No war for ten years.No war for ten years.

• Clear recognition of Muslims as Clear recognition of Muslims as “state” and a power to be reckoned “state” and a power to be reckoned with.with.

• Muslims would not fight Quraish Muslims would not fight Quraish anyway at that stage as long as they anyway at that stage as long as they let them practice Islam freely.let them practice Islam freely.


3.3. Any tribe that want to join the alliance of Muhammad PBUH Any tribe that want to join the alliance of Muhammad PBUH will be allowed to do so and recognized by Quraish as allies will be allowed to do so and recognized by Quraish as allies to Muslims. Vice versa for Quraishto Muslims. Vice versa for Quraish

• Quraish can no longer control the rest of Quraish can no longer control the rest of Arab tribes in their political allegiance. Arab tribes in their political allegiance.

• By acknowledging that the alliance with By acknowledging that the alliance with Muslims is respected and recognized, they Muslims is respected and recognized, they have forfeited their status of political and have forfeited their status of political and religious leadership in Arabiareligious leadership in Arabia

The The RealReal Results of the Treaty Results of the Treaty4.4. Whomever, Whomever, a mana man, comes to Muhammad PBUH from Quraish, , comes to Muhammad PBUH from Quraish,

without permission, will be retuned back to Quraish. Whomever without permission, will be retuned back to Quraish. Whomever leave Muslims and go to Quraish, will not be returned.leave Muslims and go to Quraish, will not be returned.

• Quraish’s only “advantage” in the treaty, in return for all Quraish’s only “advantage” in the treaty, in return for all above mentioned gains.above mentioned gains.

• Muslims who escape to Quraish are not wanted in the Muslim Muslims who escape to Quraish are not wanted in the Muslim solid community anyway.solid community anyway.

• New Muslims of Mecca can immigrate to other places (not New Muslims of Mecca can immigrate to other places (not Madina)Madina)

• Eventually, this becomes a burden on Quraish (the sti=ory of Eventually, this becomes a burden on Quraish (the sti=ory of Abou Basir will come later)Abou Basir will come later)

Omar and The Prophet PBUHOmar and The Prophet PBUH

• The story and the revelation of Surat Al-FatehThe story and the revelation of Surat Al-Fateh

1] Verily We have granted 1] Verily We have granted thee a manifest Victory: thee a manifest Victory:

[2] That Allah may forgive [2] That Allah may forgive thee thy faults of the past thee thy faults of the past and those to follow; fulfil His and those to follow; fulfil His favour to thee; and guide favour to thee; and guide thee on the Straight Way; thee on the Straight Way;

[3] And that Allah may help [3] And that Allah may help thee with powerful help. thee with powerful help.

More Blessings from the TreatyMore Blessings from the Treaty

• Abou Basir Abou Basir بصير بصير أبو :and his Group: and his Group أبو– Joined by Abou Jandal and others, they become a Joined by Abou Jandal and others, they become a

threat to Quraish’s trade.threat to Quraish’s trade.– Quraish asks the Prophet to accept the escapees Quraish asks the Prophet to accept the escapees

and cancel the fourth unfair article of the Treatyand cancel the fourth unfair article of the Treaty

• The Best of Quraish enter Islam:The Best of Quraish enter Islam:– Khalid bin Al-Walid Khalid bin Al-Walid الوليد بن الوليد خالد بن خالد– Amr bin Al-AasAmr bin Al-Aas العاص بن العاص عمرو بن عمرو– Uthman bin TalhaUthman bin Talha طلحة بن طلحة عثمان بن عثمان

Post-Hudaybiah PhasePost-Hudaybiah Phase

The Political GainsThe Political Gains

The MessagesThe Messages

• The Prophet PBUH started The Prophet PBUH started corresponding with The Rulers and corresponding with The Rulers and Kings of the world around ArabiaKings of the world around Arabia

• The Seventh year after HijraThe Seventh year after Hijra

Al-Najashi of Al-HabashaAl-Najashi of Al-Habasha

• Carried by Amr bin Carried by Amr bin Umayah Al-DhumaryUmayah Al-Dhumary

• Al-Najash Ashama Al-Najash Ashama responds positively responds positively and becomes a and becomes a MuslimMuslim

Al-Mukawkes of EgyptAl-Mukawkes of Egypt

•Hateb bin Abi Balta’aHateb bin Abi Balta’a

•Sends the Prophet Sends the Prophet Maria (mother of Maria (mother of Ibrahim) and Sirin Ibrahim) and Sirin (given to Hasan bin (given to Hasan bin Thabet) and a mule.Thabet) and a mule.

•Respected the Respected the message but did not message but did not accept Islamaccept Islam

Kisra of PersiaKisra of Persia

• Abdu-Allah bin HuAbdu-Allah bin Huththafa As-Sahmiafa As-Sahmi

• Kisra tore the letter and sends to Kisra tore the letter and sends to BaBaththan (King of Yemen) to bring the an (King of Yemen) to bring the Prophet PBUH as a prisoner.Prophet PBUH as a prisoner.

• Bathan send two of his men and was Bathan send two of his men and was told by the miracle that Kisra was dead.told by the miracle that Kisra was dead.

• Bathan and Yemen accept IslamBathan and Yemen accept Islam

Kaiser of ByzantiumKaiser of Byzantium

•Duhia bin Khalifa Al-KalbiDuhia bin Khalifa Al-Kalbi

•Kaiser calls upon Abou Kaiser calls upon Abou Sufian and questions him Sufian and questions him about the Prophet PBUHabout the Prophet PBUH

•Kaiser shows belief, then Kaiser shows belief, then rejects fearing that he will rejects fearing that he will lose powerlose power

•Kaiser sends gifts and Kaiser sends gifts and presents to the Prophet presents to the Prophet PBUH. (stolen by Tribe PBUH. (stolen by Tribe Jutham on the way)Jutham on the way)

Al-MunAl-Munthther bin Sawa of Bahrainer bin Sawa of Bahrain

• Al-Alaa’ bin Al-HadhramiAl-Alaa’ bin Al-Hadhrami

• Accepted Islam according to Accepted Islam according to some narrations, allowed his some narrations, allowed his people to accept Islam in people to accept Islam in other.other.

• Wrote back to the Prophet Wrote back to the Prophet regarding non-Muslims in his regarding non-Muslims in his kingdom and was told about kingdom and was told about Jiziah.Jiziah.

• He Kept his KingdomHe Kept his Kingdom

Hawtha bin Ali of YamamaHawtha bin Ali of Yamama

• Sulayt bin Amr Al-AmeriSulayt bin Amr Al-Ameri

• Conditionally accepted Islam, wanted a position Conditionally accepted Islam, wanted a position among Muslims to be given to him or to be a among Muslims to be given to him or to be a successor.successor.

• The Prophet rejected the offer. Hawtha died non-The Prophet rejected the offer. Hawtha died non-Muslim.Muslim.

• The messenger prophesizes of Musaylamah of The messenger prophesizes of Musaylamah of YamamaYamama

• Al-Harith bin Abi Shumar of GassanAl-Harith bin Abi Shumar of Gassan– Shuga’ bin WahabShuga’ bin Wahab– Rejected and threatened warRejected and threatened war

• Kings of Oman: Jayfar and Abed sons of Al-Kings of Oman: Jayfar and Abed sons of Al-Julanda Julanda – Amr bin Al-AasAmr bin Al-Aas– Accepted Islam after multiple discussions with Accepted Islam after multiple discussions with

AmrAmr

Hudaybia

Spiritual

Transcript of Hudaybia