HTS Wire, Cable and Coil R&D...HTS Wire, Cable and Coil R&D E. Barzi with the Superconductor and...

HTS Wire, Cable and Coil R&D E. Barzi with the Superconductor and High Field Magnet Groups,

FNAL

in close collaboration with:

National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS), JapanAmerican Superconductors (AMSC)

SuperPower, Inc.Oxford Superconducting Technology (OST)

Muons, Inc.Florida State University (FSU)

The 2009 NFMCC Collaboration Meeting, Jan. 25-28, 2008, Berkeley, CA

E. Barzi, The 2009 NFMCC Collaboration Meeting, Jan. 25-28, 2008, Berkeley, CA2

Jan. 26, 2009

OUTLINE

Our ultimate goals within the Muon Collider Task Force

Wire R&D

Cable R&D – Previous work

Cable R&D – Plans within the HTS National Collaboration

Coil R&D


Jan. 26, 2009

Our ultimate Goals

High field solenoids for muon beam cooling include the high field (> 17 T) sections of a 6D Helical Cooling Channel, and high-field solenoids (> 30 T) for the final, low emittance stage of the muon cooling channel.

V. S. Kashikhin, A. V. Zlobin, M. Lopes, M. Yu, M. Lamm et al.

The robust and versatile infrastructure that was developed in Technical Division for advanced superconductor and accelerator magnet R&D, together with the expertise acquired in the Nb3Sn and Nb3Al technologies by the scientists and engineers of the Magnet Systems Department, makes TD an ideal setting for exploring HTS magnets.

Magnet: 77 mm boreVariableTemp. Insert: 49 mm diameter

14/16 T Cryogenic Test Facility


Jan. 26, 2009

Wire R&D

Monitoring industry progress by characterizing state-of-the-artHTS’s is essential input to magnet design. This includes knowing the engineering current density (JE) as a function of:

• magnetic field -> new data up to 28 T within a FNAL-NIMS collaboration;

• temperature -> data from superfluid He to nitrogen temperature;

• for anisotropic tapes, field orientation -> new data;

• bending strain -> new equipment was designed and commissioned;

• longitudinal strain -> new fixture was designed and drawings are being released;

• transverse pressure -> setup is available.


Jan. 26, 2009

Bi-2223, or 1G (AMSC)RABiTSTM YBCO, or 2G (AMSC)

Available Conductors

Solder fillets

Stabilizer HTS insert Stabilizer

0.2 mm

--------------------------------------------------------4.4 mm ------------------------------------------------------------

Perpendicular cross section of a 4.4 x 0.2 mm “344” wire Cu stabilizer on both sides

2 µm Ag

20µm Cu

20µm Cu50µm Hastelloy substrate

1.2 µm HTS~ 30 nm LMO

~ 30 nm Homo-epi MgO~ 10 nm IBAD MgO

< 0.145 mm

Θ

I

B c

b a

Bi-2212 Round wire (OST), made into a cable

IBAD YBCO, or 2G (SuperPower)Tape anisotropy


Jan. 26, 2009

New Data within FNAL-NIMS Coll.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Applied Field, T

J E (4

.2 K

), A

/mm2

2G SuperPower (// B)NIMS2G SuperPower (2G SuperPower (⊥B)NIMS2G AMSC (// B)2G AMSC (2G AMSC (⊥B)NIMSBSCCO-2212 (OST)NIMS1G AMSC (// B)NIMS1G AMSC (1G AMSC (⊥B)NIMSNb3Sn (High Jc, OST)Nb3SnNbTi

D. Turrioni et al., “Study of HTS Wires at High Magnetic Fields”, accepted in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity


Jan. 26, 2009

Ic Angular Dependency

4.2 K

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

-11.25 0 11.25 22.5 33.75 45 56.25 67.5 78.75 90 101.25

Angle, º

1T2T3T4T6T8T10T12T14T15TIc

/Ic(7

7K, 0

T)

33 K

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

-11.25 0 11.25 22.5 33.75 45 56.25 67.5 78.75 90 101.25Angle, º


/Ic(7

7K, 0

T)

D. Turrioni et al., “Study of HTS Wires at High Magnetic Fields”, accepted in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity

For the SuperPower standard 2G conductor, improved resolution allowed determining a shift of the peak current to field angles that are not parallel to the tape.


Jan. 26, 2009

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

0 5 10 15 20Field, T

Ic, A

Straight Sample (ramp up)Bent Sample 24 mm (ramp up)

0100

200300

400500

600700

0 5 10 15 20Field, T

Ic, A

Straight Sample (ramp down)Bent Sample 24 mm (ramp down)

Bending Strain Tests

V. Lombardo et al.


Jan. 26, 2009

Longitudinal Strain Fixture

N. Dhanaraj et al.

Maximum twist applied ± 70°

Inner Tube

Torque transfer dowel pin

Walters’ spring

Fixed end

Constant torque transmission (ideally)

Outer Tube

Current out

Current in


Jan. 26, 2009

Cable R&D

• Strand number: up to 42• Strand diameter: 0.3-1.5 mm• Cable transposition angle: 8-16 degree


Jan. 26, 2009

Cable Samples

Cable ID No. strands

Strand size, mm Strands used Ave. thickness,

mm Average width,

mm PF, % Tested

1 19 1.02 A 1.938 ±0.003 9.992 ±0.050 82.6 Y 2 “ “ “ 1.883 ±0.007 9.987 ±0.031 85.1 N 3 “ “ “ 1.848 ±0.009 10.008 ±0.022 86.5 Y 4 24 0.81 B 1.554 ±0.008 9.921 ±0.072 82.7 Y 5 “ “ “ 1.51 ±0.010 9.928 ±0.035 85.0 N 6 “ “ “ 1.485 ±0.014 9.896 ±0.051 86.7 Y 7 27 0.692 D (24), copper (3) 1.309 ±0.011 9.876 ±0.059 81.0 N 8 24 0.81 D (20), B (4) 1.551 ±0.022 9.921 ±0.056 82.8 Y 9 21 0.911 D 1.711 ±0.007 9.959 ±0.082 82.8 Y


Jan. 26, 2009

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87Cable packing factor, %

Ic(e

xtr)/

Ic(v

g)

1.02 mm wire A, 1 T1.02 mm wire A, 12 T0.82 mm wire B, 1 T0.82 mm wire B, 12 TStrand D, 1TStrand D, 12 T

Ic of the Extracted Strand

There is no noticeable dependence on B. Besides for a reproducible single case, the Ic degradation of the extracted strands was less than 20% at least up to 85% of packing factor. Strands of different designs behave differently to cabling, as is the case for other brittle materials like Nb3Sn.


Jan. 26, 2009

Spectrum No. 1 2 3 Element At. % At. % At. % Ag (L) 0 100 0 Bi (M) 14.91 0 3.59 Sr (L) 9.04 0 2.21 Ca (K) 5.53 0 0.78 Cu (L) 11.49 0 5.80 Mg (K) 0 0 29.33 O (K) 59.03 0 58.28 Totals 100.00 100.00 100.00

SEM/EDS Cable Surface Analysis

The surface of all the cables after reaction showed black spots embedded in the silver coating.

Bi-2212? Bi-2212+MgO?Caused by filament powder leaks

For all the cables, tested at self-fields of 0.1 to 0.3 T, an Icdegradation of about 50% was measured. This was much larger than the reduction found on the extracted strands.

E. Barzi et al., “BSCCO-2212 Wire and Cable Studies”, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, AIP, V. 54, p. 431 (2008)


Jan. 26, 2009

The HTS National Collaboration

A LABORATORY-UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY COLLABORATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAGNETS WITH FIELDS > 22 TESLA USING HTS

CONDUCTOR

A proposal to the Office of High Energy Physics, Department of Energy (Attention Dr B P Strauss)

At a cost of $6 million for 3 years on behalf of the

Very High Field Superconducting Magnet Collaboration (VHFSMC)

Principal Investigators:

Alvin Tollestrup (Fermilab) and David Larbalestier (National High Magnetic Field Laboratory,Florida State University)

Representing a collaboration of groups at BNL, FNAL, FSU-NHMFL, LANL, LBNL, NIST, and Texas A&M University


Jan. 26, 2009

VHFSMC Organization


Jan. 26, 2009

Answer whether a round wire Bi-2212 magnet technology is feasibleTask 1 (k$650). Obtaining the needed high Jc and Je in long-length RW2212 by improving the microstructure and optimizing the heat treatment: FSU, LANL, LBNL, NIST

Task 2 (k$250). Understanding the mechanical response of RW2212 conductors to axial and transverse strains: NIST, LBNL

Task 3 (k$250). Develop RW2212 cables into the Rutherford cable forms essential for accelerator magnets: FNAL, TAMU, LBNL, FSU

Task 4 ($250). Study the quench process in RW2212 conductors and test coils: FSU, LBNL, BNL

Task 5 (k$100). Construct small prototype coils that provide the essential demonstration that RW2212 is ready for real magnet construction: FSU, LBNL

Task 6 (k$500). Development of an integrated industrial partnership with the large and small businesses: LANL, LBNL

VHFSMC Goal


Jan. 26, 2009

Coil R&D

The first phase of the coil program is based on HTS tapes, which are high performing and do not require reaction. Focus is on single and multi-layer pancake coils to be tested in a 14T/16T solenoid at FNAL. A series of coils of increasing sizes are being designed and tested to gradually enhance the magnetic field on the conductor.–> Splice techniques were studied.–> Single and double-layer pancake coils made of YBCO and Bi-2223 were built and tested. –> A modular HTS Insert Test Facility was designed and is being procured to assemble and test up to 14 double-layer pancake coils within the 14T/16T solenoid.

For the second phase of the coil program, larger multi-section HTS coils will be fabricated and tested to achieve higher magnetic fields and force levels. To reduce the effect of inductance, a special cryostat with several independent power leads will be designed and procured.

HTS Insert DetailsCoil Configuration: Single PancakeInner diameter: 38 mmOuter diameter: 43 mmTotal conductor length: 1.38 m

Conductor DetailsTape: AMSC YBCONominal Thickness: 0.2 mmNominal Width: 4.4mmInsulation: 1 mil turn to turn kaptonWinding: wet winding (stycast)

OVERVIEW OF INSTRUMENTATION:1 Cernox2 pairs of voltage taps on the conductor2 pairs of voltage taps on the leads

Current Lead ACurrent Lead B

Brass Nut

Test unit

Single Pancake Instrumentation

0100

200300400

500600700800

9001000

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16External Field (T)

Coi

l Crit

ical

Cur

rent

(A)

4.2K12K22K33K 95-98% SSL

AMSC 2G Single Pancake Test Results


Conductor DetailsTape: AMSC YBCONominal Thickness: 0.2 mmNominal Width: 4.4 mmInsulation: 1 mil turn to turn kaptonWinding: wet winding (stycast)

Lombardo, Turrioni et al.

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15External Magnetic Field (T)

Coi

l Crit

ical

Cur

rent

(A)

Sweeping UpSweeping Down

Ramping B UP 94-98% SSL

Ramping B DOWN 91-94% SSL

AMSC 1G Single Pancake Test Results


Conductor DetailsTape: AMSC BSCCO-2223Nominal Thickness: 0.295 mmNominal Width: 4.76 mmInsulation: 1 mil turn to turn kaptonWinding: wet winding (stycast)

Lombardo, Turrioni et al.


Jan. 26, 2009G10 barrel – 30.7 mm diameter

Bridge splice using only 4mm YBCO tapes

Bridge splice using either 4mm and 8mm YBCO tape (out of 12mm)

5cm

Splicing Techniques

V. Lombardo et al.

DOUBLE PANCAKE COIL

0

50

100

150

200

250

0 5 10 15Field, T

Crit

ical

Cur

rent

,

Single Pancake DataDouble Pancake Data

4.2 K

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

-11.25 0 11.25 22.5 33.75 45 56.25 67.5 78.75 90 101.25Angle, º


/Ic(7

7K, 0

T)

SuperPower 2G Single and Double Pancake Test Results

HTS Insert DetailsCoil Configuration: Single Pancake (diam: 38/43 mm)Coil Configuration: Double Pancake (diam: 31/43 mm)

Conductor DetailsTape: SP YBCO tapeNominal Thickness: 0.1 mmNominal Width: 4 mmInsulation: 1 mil turn to turn kaptonWinding: wet winding (stycast)

Turrioni, Lombardo et al.

Up to 14 Double Pancakes UnitsModular structure for 19 mm/62 mm units Wet wound and/or impregnated coils

Expected hoop stress < 200 MPaCalculated Central Peak Field > 25 T

Modular HTS Insert Test Facility

14 T/ 16 T Solenoid

G. Norcia et al.


Jan. 26, 2009

Mechanical Analysis

G. Norcia et al.

Current lead

Skin

Support ring

Coils

Insulation

Support

Nut


Jan. 26, 2009

3D Modeling

Top plate

Flags to connect Current Leads with Power Supply

Coils

1° Pancake

2° Pancake 12 mm YBCO tape

Double pancake unit winding support

Double Pancake Unit

G. Norcia et al.


Jan. 26, 2009

Independent Setup to Test Units

G. Norcia, V. Lombardo et al.

To select best pancakes.Will be commissioned next week.


Jan. 26, 2009

Critical CurrentsBSCCO-2223

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16B, T

Ic, A

33K ┴22K ┴14K ┴4.2K ┴1.8K ┴33K //22K //14K //4.2 K //

2G 348

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16B, T

Ic, A

33K //22K //14K //4.2K //33K - 22K -14K -4.2K -

Bi-2223

2G 348

Ic(77K, 0T)=121±1 A

Ic(77K, 0T)PAR=127±1 AIc(77K, 0T)PERP=153±1 A

Effective pinning is maintained for the parallel direction over the entire field range

D. Turrioni et al., “Angular Measurements of HTS Critical Current for High Field Solenoids”, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, AIP, V. 54, p. 451 (2008)


Jan. 26, 2009

Angular Dependence at 4.2 K4.2 K

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

-11.25 0 11.25 22.5 33.75 45 56.25 67.5 78.75 90 101.25Angle, ο

Ic /I

c(77

K,0

T)

0T1T2T3T4T6T8T10T12T15T

4.2 K

0

2

4

6

8

10

-11.25 0 11.25 22.5 33.75 45 56.25 67.5 78.75 90 101.25Angle

Ic /I

c(77

K,0

T

1T2T3T4T6T8T12T15T

Bi-2223

2G 348

Most of the Ic reduction occurs between 90 and 45 degree.

D. Turrioni et al., “Angular Measurements of HTS Critical Current for High Field Solenoids”, Advances in Cryogenic Engineering, AIP, V. 54, p. 451 (2008)


Jan. 26, 2009

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28B, T

RIc

33 K22 K14 K4.2 K4.2 K - NIMS

B and T Dependence of Anisotropy

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0 3 6 9 12 15B, T

Icno

rm(B

par)/

Icno

rm(B

perp)

T =33 KT = 22 KT = 14 KT = 4.2 K

Bi-2223

2G 348PERPcPERPc

PARcPARc

TKIBITKIBI

)0,77(/)()0,77(/)(

The B dependence has a linear trend, where the slope value increases with T.

No observable T dependence. The ratio saturates at ~7.

D. Turrioni et al., “Study of HTS Wires at High Magnetic Fields”, accepted in IEEE Transactions on Applied Sup.


Jan. 26, 2009

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16

B, T

Ic, A

33 K ┴22 K ┴14 K ┴4.2 K ┴33 K //22 K //14 K //4.2 K //

Comparison with Super Power 2G

Ratio saturates, but decreases with temperature

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28B, T

RIc

33 K22 K14 K4.2 K4.2 K - NIMS

Ic(77K, 0T)=106±1 A

D. Turrioni et al., “Study of HTS Wires at High Magnetic Fields”, accepted in IEEE Transactions on Applied Sup.


Jan. 26, 2009

Samples Specs

Solder fillets

StabilizerHTS insert Stabilizer

0.2 mm

--------------------------------------------------------4.4 mm ------------------------------------------------------------

Perpendicular cross section of a 4.4 x 0.2 mm “344” wire Cu stabilizer on both sides

Hermetic BSCCO-2223 tape 348 Superconductor Min Ic (77 K, self-field, 1 µV/cm) 115 A 110 A Average thickness tT 0.31 mm 0.2 mm Average width wT 4.8 mm 4.8 mm Laminate stainless copper Laminate thickness 2 x 0.037 mm 2 x 0.050 mm YBCO layer thickness 1.4 µm Min. critical bend diameter 50 mm 50 mm Max. rated tensile strain (95% Ic retention ) 0.3 % 0.3 %

2G 348Bi-2223


Jan. 26, 2009

Thermal Stress I

Data from Super Power

Objective of the Skin is to create a preload to reduce the hoop and the radial stresses

HTS Wire, Cable and Coil R&D...HTS Wire, Cable and Coil R&D E. Barzi with the Superconductor and...

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