Tourism (Paper 2) FOUNDATIONGCSE Exam Questions

An Introduction to Tourism

6 (a) In 2009, 100 million tourists visited the ten most popular tourist cities. Study Figure 15 which shows the percentage share of the ten most popular cities visited by tourists in 2009.

6 (a) (i) Complete Figure 15 by plotting the following information. (2 marks-June 2012)

6 (a) (ii) What percentage of tourists visited Bangkok? ....... % (1 mark-June 2012)

6 (c) Study Figure 18 on the insert, showing tourist arrivals to the islands of the Caribbean.6 (c) (i) Give two facts about tourist arrivals to the islands of the Caribbean. (2 marks-June 2012)

6 (b) Study Figure 15, on the insert, which shows how much money some countries in Europe spent on tourism and earned from tourism in a year.

6 (b) (i) Which country spent the most on tourism? (1 mark – June 2010) 6 (b) (ii) Which country earned the most from tourism? (1 mark – June 2010) 6 (b) (iii) Describe the difference in the locations of the top spenders and the top earners from tourism.

(2 marks – June 2010) 6 (b) (iv) Suggest one reason for this difference in location. (1 mark – June 2010)

The Potential for Tourism

6 (b) (i) Study Figure 13 on the insert, a map showing the centre of Bruges, a city in Belgium. In which grid square are there two cash machines? (1 mark – June 2014)

6 (b) (ii) Use Figure 13 on the insert, to explain why Bruges has developed as a tourist destination (4 marks – June 2014)

a) Figure 3, on the Insert, shows a holiday area in the tropics. Describe the attractions for tourists shown in Figure 3 (3 marks – Heinemann)

6 (a) (i) Study Figure 15, on the insert, a 1:25 000 Ordnance Survey map extract of Cromer, a coastal resort in Norfolk. Measure the straight line distance from the railway station at 214421 labelled A to the railway station at 219407 labelled B. (2 marks – June 2013)

6 (a) (ii) Use Figure 15, on the insert, to describe the attractions of the area for tourists (4 marks – June 2013)

Figure 17a Figure 17b

6 (b) (i) Study on the insert EITHER Figure 16a, a photograph of a coastal resort, OR Figure 16b, a photograph of a location in a National Park. Figures 17a and 17b are black and white copies of Figures 16a and 16b.On EITHER Figure 17a OR Figure 17b, label one physical feature and one human feature tourists would visit the area to see.

(2 marks-June 2012)

6 (a) (i) Study Figure 16, on the insert, which shows part of Italy that has developed an important tourist industry.Which of the following has encouraged the growth of a tourist industry in the area shown in the photograph? Circle the correct answer. (1 mark – Specimen Paper)

Physical factors Human factors

6 (a) (ii) Using Figure 16, on the insert, give two reasons why tourists are attracted to this part of Italy.(2 marks – Specimen Paper)

5(a) (ii) What disadvantages can the tourist industry bring to an area such as the one shown in Figure 14 on the insert? (2 marks - June 2005)

6 (a) The following is a list of different types of tourist activity numbered 1 to 6.

Complete the table below by writing the number of each tourist activity under the correct heading. Write each number only once.

(3 marks – June 2011)

6 (c) Tourism is important in the following areas. Coastal areas Cities

Choose one of these areas. Circle the one chosen. Explain why this area has developed as a tourist location. (4 marks – June 2010)

5 (b) (ii) Study Figure 17, on the insert, a photograph which shows Benidorm, an important tourist area in Spain, an MEDC in Europe.Figure 18 (not included due to copyright) is a black and white copy of Figure 17. Add four labels to Figure 18 to show evidence of tourism in Benidorm. An example has been done for you. (4 marks – June 2008)

5

(b) (iii) People have different opinions about the growth of tourism in MEDCs like Spain. Study Figure 19, which shows some of these different opinions. Choose two of the opinions given in Figure 19, one for and one against the development of tourism in MEDCs.For each one chosen, explain why he/she is for or against the development of tourism. (4 marks-June 2008)

5 (a) Study Figure 21, on the insert, the map extract of part of Thailand, an LEDC in SouthEast Asia.(i) Find the resort of Phuket. Complete the following table by ticking the correct column to show whether each statement is true or false. (2 marks-June 2007)

5(a)(ii) Using Figure 21 on the insert, give two tourist activities for visitors to the area around Phuket. (2 marks-June 2007)

6 (a) (iii) Give two reasons why cities attract so many tourists. (2 marks-June 2012)

The Global increase in Tourism

6 (a) (i) The following are statements which start to give reasons for the global increase in tourism. For each statement, complete the sentence to explain how it has led to an increase in global tourism.

More leisure time in richer countries means that…Improvements in transport mean that…More people having a pension income after retirement means that…

(3 marks – June 2014)

6 (a) (ii) Give one other reason for the global increase in tourism (1 mark – June 2014)

a) Study Figure 1 below, which shows holidays taken by UK residents 1971-2001.

(i) Describe what Figure 1 shows about the changing pattern of holidays in the UK. (3 marks – Heinemann)

(ii) State two reasons for the trend shown by the ‘All destinations’ line (2 marks – Heinemann)

a) Suggest reasons why global tourism has increased so rapidly in the last 20 years

(6 marks – Oxford Press)

5 (b) (i) Give one reason why international tourism has increased. (1 mark - June 2008)

a) Study the climate graphs for Manchester and Palma in Figure 2

(i) State the differences between Manchester and Palma for distribution of rainfall during the year and winter and summer temperatures. (3 marks – Heinemann)

(ii) Explain how the differences in climate between the two places in Figure 2 help to explain the information shown in Figure 1 (4 marks – Heinemann)

The Economic Importance of Tourism

6 (c) (ii) Study Figure 14, a diagram showing some effects of developing tourism in tropical areas. Add one correct letter to ache empty box to complete the diagram. Choose the letter from the list beneath the diagram. Each letter should be used once. (3 marks – June 2014)

a) In what ways can increased tourist activity lead to improvements in a country’s infrastructure (4 marks – Oxford Press)

b) Explain how tourism can bring economic benefits to poor developing countries (4 marks – Heinemann)

Contribution of Tourism to the UK Economy

6 (c) Study Figures 17a and 17b. Figure 17 a shows the destinations of visitors to the UK. Figure 17b shows the spending by visitors to the UK.

6 (c) (i) What percentage of visitors to the UK go to Scotland? Circle the correct answer.

9% 18% 30% (1 mark – June 2013)

6 (c) (ii) In which part of the UK is spending by visitors the greatest? (1 mark – June 2013)

6 (c) (iii) Describe one way in which tourism contributes to the UK economy (2 marks – June 2013)

Impact of External Factors

6 (c) (iv) Suggest two ways in which the number of people who visit the UK can be influenced by external factors. (4 marks – June 2013)

Tourist area/ resort Life Cycle Model

6 (b) (i) Many tourist resorts have changed over time. Study Figure 16, a model showing how a tourist resort or tourist area changes over time. What is the name for this model? (1 mark – June 2013)

6 (b) (ii) Match the following statements to the correct numbers in Figure 16. One has been done for you. (3 marks – June 2013)

6 (b) (iii) Give one way in which a tourist resort or tourist area could ensure that tourism continues to be successful. (1 mark – June 2013)

Figure C: The resort life cycle model (the Butler Model)

a) Study Figure C, above. For each of the following sentences, name the stage in the resort life cycle model it is describing. You can choose from Development, Exploration and Stagnation.

_________________ = Small number of initial visitors to an area_________________ = Falling numbers of visitors as people go elsewhere_________________ = Investment by companies building facilities as rapid expansion occurs

(3 marks - Nelson Thornes)

Case Study of EITHER a UK National Parks or UK Coastal Resort

a) With the help of Figure 1, on the insert, explain why local residents may have issues with large numbers of visitors (4 marks – Oxford Press)

a) For either a UK National Park or a UK coastal resort you have studied, describe the attractions of this location for tourists (3 marks – Oxford Press)

6 (b) (ii) Choose either a coastal resort or a National Park. Outline two reasons why your chosen area attracts large numbers of tourists.

(4 marks-June 2012)

6 (b) (i) For either a UK National Park or a UK coastal resort you have studied, describe the attractions of your chosen location that have led to its development as an important tourist destination

(4 marks – Specimen Paper)

5(a)(iv) For an area of the UK that you have studied, explain why the tourist industry has developed there. (4 marks-June 2005)

6 (b) For either a UK National Park or a UK coastal resort you have studied, explain why the area attracts many tourists. (6 marks – June 2011)

6 (b) (ii) For either a UK National Park or a UK coastal resort you have studied, give two reasons why your chosen tourist area may become less popular over time. (2 marks – June 2011)

6 (b) (iii) The following is a list of some strategies which National Parks and coastal resorts in the UK have used to maintain a successful tourism industry. Choose either two National Parks strategies (1– 3) or two coastal resorts strategies (4 – 6). For each, explain how the chosen strategy may make sure of the continuing success of the tourist industry in either a National Park or a coastal resort.

(4 marks – June 2011)

6 (b) (ii) For either a UK National Park or a UK coastal resort you have studied, describe how the area chosen aims to ensure that it remains popular with tourists. (2 marks – Specimen Paper)

6 (b) (iii) Choose either a coastal resort or a National Park. Describe how your chosen area manages the impact of a large number of tourists. (4 marks-June 2012)

National Parks

5(b) Study Figure 12 on the insert, a photograph showing part of the Lake District.(i) The table below lists some environmental problems caused by tourists. Match the correct problem to the letters shown in Figure 12 by writing the letters in the correct boxes below. (4 marks-June 2004)

5(b)(ii) Suggest how one of the environmental problems in (i) may be reduced. Environmental problem (2marks-June 2004)

5(c) (i) Study Figure 13 (not included) an advertisement for conservation expeditions. Name one activity that people can do who go on the expeditions advertised. (1mark-June 2004)

5(c) (ii) which two of the following correctly describe the activities advertised? Tick two boxes only.

They encourage large numbers of people to visit remote placesThey help protect the environmentThey are examples of mass tourismThey allow people to gain new skills

(2 marks-June 2004)

5(c)(iii) Why can this form of activity be considered a good example of green tourism? (1mark-June 2004)

Mass Tourism

6 (c) (i) What is mass tourism? (2 marks – June 2014)

6 (c) (i) The coast of Kenya is a tropical area which attracts many tourists. Study Figure 16 on the insert, a cross-section through the coast of Kenya. Use Figure 16 to suggest why many tourists visit the coast of Kenya.

(2 marks – June 2011)

6 (c) (ii) Use a case study to explain why an area in tropics attracts a large number of tourists

(6 marks - June 2012)

6 (c) (ii) Outline how tourists can easily damage the environment of the area shown in Figure 16

(2 marks – June 2011)

a) Describe ways in which tourist activities can harm the natural environment. Refer to named locations where appropriate (8 marks– Oxford Press)

6 (c) (iii) Describe one negative environmental effect of mass tourism. (2 marks-June 2012)

a) For a tropical tourist area you have studied, describe the negative effects of tourism on the environment and outline the attemps made to reduce those negative effects (6 marks – Heinemann)

5(d)(iv) Explain why the growth of mass tourism may bring disadvantages to a tropical area you have studied (4 marks- adapted from June 2006)

a) For a tropical area you have studied, describe one advantage and one disadvantage of tourism. (4 marks – Nelson Thornes)

5(b) (i) Using examples of places you have studied, describe the advantages of mass tourism. (4marks- June 2003)

5(b) (ii) As well as advantages, mass tourism sometimes brings disadvantages. Give twoDisadvantages (2marks-June 2003)

5(a)(iii) Describe two advantages that tourism brings to an LEDC such as Thailand. (2 marks - June 2007)

5 (a)(iv) Explain how MEDCs gain from the development of tourism in an LEDC. (4 marks-June 2007)

6 (c) (iii) Study Figure 15 on the insert, a photograph taken on Hawaii, a tropical tourist destination. Outline how Figure 15 shows the way in which the negative effect of tourism is being managed.

(2 marks – June 2014)

6 (c) (iv) Suggest two other ways in which the negative effects of tourism can be managed in a tropical area (2 marks – June 2014)

Green/ Ecotourism

6 (d) (ii) What is the meaning of the term eco-tourism? (1 mark – Specimen Paper)

6 (d) Describe two ways ecotourism can bring benefits to an area. (4 marks – June 2010)

6 (d) (ii) Study Figure 17 on the insert, which shows an ecotourism development in the Seychelles in the Indian Ocean. Describe how an ecotourism development can benefit future generations. (4 marks – June 2011)

6 (d) (i) What is the meaning of each of the following words? (2 marks – June 2011)

Conservation Stewardship

5 (c) Study Figure 18, on the insert, which gives details of a tourist attraction in an LEDC.5 (c) (i) Give one physical and one human feature which attract tourists to Machu Picchu.

(2 marks-June 2009)

5 (c) (ii) Use Figure 18, on the insert, to suggest two reasons why the number of touristsvisiting Machu Picchu has remained low. (2 marks-June 2009)

5 (c) (iii) What is the meaning of ‘green tourism’? (1 mark-June 2009)

5 (c) (iv) Using Figure 18, on the insert and your own knowledge of green tourism, explain why Machu Picchu can be considered an example of green tourism. (4 marks-June 2009)

5 (d) Study Figure 19, part of a newspaper article on a recent development at Machu Picchu.

Do you think the new bridge should have been built? Circle one of the following.YES NO Explain the reasons for your decision. (4marks-June 2009)

6 (d) Study Figure 18, a map of the Maldives, a country in the Indian Ocean.

6 (d) (i) Use Figure 18 to suggest two reasons why tourists visit the Maldives. (2 marks – Specimen Paper)

6 (d) (iii) Since 1970, the government of the Maldives has made rules that have to befollowed when building any new tourist development.

Choose three of these rules, and suggest why each was felt to be important (6 marks – Specimen Paper)

6 (d) For an ecotourism area or scheme that you have studied, describe the features that make it sustainable. (6 marks + 3 SPaG – June 2013)

Extreme Environment

6 (a) (i) Alaska is an example of an extreme environment which has an important tourist industry. Study Figure 14, a partly completed flow line map showing where tourists visiting Alaska come from. Use the following information to complete Figure 14. (1 mark – June 2010)

6 (a) (ii) Suggest one reason why so few tourists come from Canada to visit Alaska. (1 mark – June 2010)

6 (c) Study Figure 17 which is part of a newspaper article.

6 (c) (i) Give one reason why more tourists are going to extreme environments like the Arctic and Antarctica. (1 mark – Specimen Paper)

Canada 4%

6 (d) (i) Give one reason why there is an increased demand for adventure holidays (1 mark – June 2014)

6 (d) (ii) Use a case study of tourism in an extreme environment to explain how the development of tourism can cause environmental damage (6 marks + 3 SPaG – June 2014)

a) For an extreme environment you have studied, describe the impact of tourism on that area. (6 marks – Nelson Thornes)

6 (a) (iii) Explain two ways an extreme environment like Alaska may suffer if it is visited by large numbers of tourists. (4 marks – June 2010)

(a) (iv) Describe how a named area with an extreme environment is coping with an increasing number of tourists. (6 marks – June 2010)

6 (c) (ii) Choose one extreme environment that attracts tourists. Describe how it is trying to cope with an increasing number of tourists. (6 marks – Specimen Paper)